【正文】 s carriagepassed, carefully protected on all sides by an impressive body ofguards with bared sabres, and within was seen a tiny lady, almosta dwarf, tossed and jolted by the movements of the carriage,dressed in mourning, and wearing hornrimmed glasses on a lividand empty face. Now and then she bowed fitfully, in reply to someisolated shout of greeting, like one who has learned her lessonbadly. She bowed to left and right, with a vague and mechanicalmovement. The English soldiers stood respectfully at attentionwhile their patroness passed, and behind them, the crowd ofcitizens looked at the ostentatious procession and the patheticcentral figure with curious eyes and almost with pity。s past glory, a new Celtic race was arising,pounded of the old Celtic stock and the Scandinavian,AngloSaxon, and Norman races. Another national temperament roseon the foundation of the old one, with the various elementsmingling and renewing the ancient body. The ancient enemies mademon cause against the English aggression, with the Protestantinhabitants (who had bee Hibernis Hiberniores, more Irishthan the Irish themselves) urging on the Irish Catholics in theiropposition to the Calvinist and Lutheran fanatics from across thesea, and the descendants of the Danish and Norman and AngloSaxonsettlers championing the cause of the new Irish nation againstthe British tyranny. Recently, when an Irish member of parliament was making aspeech to the voters on the night before an election, he boastedthat he was one of the ancient race and rebuked his opponent forbeing the descendant of a Cromwellian settler. His rebukeprovoked a general laugh in the press, for, to tell the truth, toexclude from the present nation all who are descended fromforeign families would be impossible, and to deny the name ofpatriot to all those who are not of Irish stock would be to denyit to almost all the heroes of the modern movementLord EdwardFitzgerald, Robert Emmet, Theobald Wolfe Tone and Napper Tandy,leaders of the uprising of 1798, Thomas Davis and John Mitchel,leaders of the Young Ireland movement, Isaac Butt, Joseph Biggar,the inventor of parliamentary obstructionism, many of theanticlerical Fenians, and, finally, Charles Stewart Parnell, whowas perhaps the most formidable man that ever led the Irish, butin whose veins there was not even a drop of Celtic blood. In the national calendar, two days, according to the patriots,must be marked as illomenedthat of the AngloSaxon and Normaninvasion, and that, a century ago, of the union of the twoparliaments. Now, at this point, it is important to recall twopiquant and significant facts. Ireland prides itself on beingfaithful body and soul to its national tradition as well as tothe Holy See. The majority of the Irish consider fidelity tothese two traditions their cardinal article of faith. But thefact is that the English came to Ireland at the repeated requestsof a native king,l without, needless to say, any great desire ontheir part, and without the consent of their own king, but armedwith the papal bull of Adrian IV and a papal letter of Alexander.They landed on the east coast with seven hundred men, a band ofadventurers against a nation。s insistence on developing its own culture by itself isnot so much the demand of a young nation that wants to make goodin the European concert as the demand of a very old nation torenew under new forms the glories of a past civilization. Even inthe first century of the Christian era, under the apostleship ofSt. Peter, we find the Irishman Mansuetus, who was latercanonized, serving as a missionary in Lorraine, where he foundeda church and preached for half a century. Cataldus had acathedral and two hundred theologians at Geneva, and was latermade bishop of Taranto. The great heresiarch Belagius, atraveller and tireless propagandist, if not an Irishman, as manycontend, was certainly either Irish or Scottish, as was his righthand, Caelestius. Sedulius traversed a great part of the world,and finally settled at Rome, where he posed the beauties ofalmost five hundred theological tracts, and many sacred hymnsthat are used even today in Catholic ritual. Fridolinus Viator,that is, the Voyager, of royal Irish stock, was a missionaryamong the Germans, and died at Seckingen in Germany, where he isburied. Fiery Columbanus had the task of reforming the Frenchchurch, and, after having started a civil war in Burgundy by hispreaching, went to Italy, where he became the apostle of theLombards and founded the monastery at Bobbio. Frigidian, son ofthe king of northern Ireland, occupied the bishopric of Lucca.St. Gall, who at first was the student and panion ofColumbanus, lived among the Grisons in Switzerland as a hermit,hunting, and fishing, and cultivating his fields by himself. Herefused the bishopric of the city of Constance, which was offeredto him, and died at the age of ninetyfive. On the site of hishermitage an abbey rose, and its abbot became prince of thecanton by the grace of God, and greatly enriched the library, whose ruins are still shown to those who visit theancient town of St. Gall. Finnian, called the Learned, founded a school of theology onthe banks of the river Boyne in Ireland, where he taught Catholicdoctrine to thousands of students from Great Britain, France,Armorica, and Germany, giving them all (O happy time!) not onlytheir books and instruction but also free room and board.However, it seems that some of them neglected to fill their studylamps, and one student whose lamp went out suddenly had to invokethe divine grace, which made his fingers shine miraculously insuch a way that by running his luminous fingers through thepages, he was able to satisfy his thirst for knowledge. St.Fiacre, for whom there is a memorative plaque in the church ofSt. Mathurin in Paris,