試談工程建筑的變形監(jiān)測(cè)-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 ）Such movements are very small and to accurately measure them requires meticulous fieldwork as well as rigorous analysis of observed data.（這種變形非常小，準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量他們需要細(xì)心的【meticulous小心的】外業(yè)，還有觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的嚴(yán)格【rigorous嚴(yán)格的】分析）Deformation monitoring techniques can be generally divided into geotechnical, structural and geodetic (survey) methods.（變形監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)可以一般【generally】分為：土木技術(shù)的、結(jié)構(gòu)的和測(cè)繪的方法）The geodetic methods (highly understood by engineering surveyors) that can be used are Global Positioning System (GPS), closerange photogrammetry with the use of terrestrial camera, precise theodolite and levels, total station, laser scanners, and vibration monitoring systems, a very long baseline interferometry and satellite laser ranging.（測(cè)繪法（非常為工程測(cè)量人員所理解）可以使用的是GPS，使用地面攝影機(jī)【terrestrial camera地面攝影機(jī)】的近景攝影測(cè)量，精密經(jīng)緯儀和水準(zhǔn)儀，全站儀，激光掃描儀，和振動(dòng)【vibration振動(dòng)】監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，甚長(zhǎng)基線干涉測(cè)量【very long baseline interferometry】和衛(wèi)星激光測(cè)距）A number of traditional surveying techniques have also been modified and applied to yield the highest possible accuracies.（許多傳統(tǒng)測(cè)量技術(shù)也經(jīng)過改良【modify改良】并用于產(chǎn)生【yield產(chǎn)生】盡可能最高的精度）Geodetic measurements involve the observables of horizontal angles, or direction。）In geodetic method there are two types of geodetic networks, namely the reference (absolute) and relative network.（測(cè)地學(xué)方法中有兩種類型的測(cè)量網(wǎng)，被稱為參考（絕對(duì)）網(wǎng)和相對(duì)網(wǎng)）Monitoring Schemes（監(jiān)測(cè)方案）A deformation survey requires the assessment of project expectations.（變形觀測(cè)需要項(xiàng)目預(yù)期的估計(jì)）This would include accuracy statements in order to detect the movement and external effects of the object suspected of movement.（包括The observation period and frequency must also be established. The selection of most appropriate technique or bination of techniques for any particular application will depend upon cost, the accuracy required, and the scale of the survey involved. Therefore several aspects related to the optimal design of the networks, measurement and analysis techniques suited to the monit
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