【正文】 s assent to terms additional to or different from those offered is not an acceptance but is a counteroffer.如果對(duì)一個(gè)旨在承諾的要約的回復(fù)，取決于要約人對(duì)附加條款的同意，或者該恢復(fù)與要約的內(nèi)容實(shí)質(zhì)上不符，則該回復(fù)并非承諾，而應(yīng)屬于反要約。Where notification is essential to acceptance by promise, the offeror is not bound by an acceptance in equivocal terms unless he reasonably understands it as an acceptance.如果通過(guò)允諾而為的承諾要求發(fā)出通知，則模棱兩可作出的承諾對(duì)要約人并不具有約束力，除非要約人合理地認(rèn)為其屬于承諾。56. Acceptance By Promise。(a) the offeree exercises reasonable diligence to notify the offeror of acceptance, or 受要約人盡到合理勤勉就承諾的作出通知要約人，或(3) Where an offer of a promise invites acceptance by performance and does not invite a promissory acceptance, the rendering of the invited performance does not constitute an acceptance if before the offeror performs his promise t he offeree manifests an intention not to accept.如果一個(gè)允諾的要約要求通過(guò)履行義務(wù)來(lái)作出承諾，并不要求以允諾承諾 ， 則如果在要約人履行允諾之前，受要約人作出不予承諾的意思表示，則該義務(wù) 的履行并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)承諾。 167。50. Acceptance of Offer Defined。48. Death or Incapacity of Offeror or Offeree要約人或受要約人死亡或喪失行為能力s duty of performance under any option contract so created is conditional on pletion or tender of the invited performance in accordance with the terms of the offer. 要約人在選擇權(quán)合同項(xiàng)下的義務(wù)是附隨性的，取決于被邀請(qǐng)義務(wù)是否依據(jù)要約條款被實(shí)現(xiàn)或被履行。44. 存款對(duì)要約撤回的效力如果撤回要約，則存款或其他要被沒(méi)收的財(cái)產(chǎn)并不會(huì)限制要約的撤回，但是該項(xiàng)存款可能要被沒(méi)收，只是這種沒(méi)收不屬于懲罰。167。(2) A manifestation of intention not to accept an offer is a rejection unless the offeree manifests an intention to take it under further advisement.未作出承諾的意思表示也屬于對(duì)要約的拒絕，除非受要約人表示要作進(jìn)一步的考慮。167。(b) lapse of time,or期間屆滿(mǎn)，或(2) A contract cannot be created by acceptance of an offer after the power of acceptance has been terminated in one of the ways listed in 167。(3) The fact that one or more terms of a proposed bargain are left open or uncertain may show that a manifestation of intention is not intended to be understood as an offer or as an acceptance.如果一個(gè)被提議交易的一個(gè)或多個(gè)條款懸而未決、或者是不確定的，則表明作為要約或承諾的意思表示并不意在使相對(duì)方理解。167。30. FORM OF ACCEPTANCE (1) An offer may invite or require acceptance to be made by an affirmative answer in words, or by performing or refraining from performing a specified act, or may empower the offeree to make a selection of terms in his acceptance.要約人可以要求承諾人通過(guò)給出書(shū)面的確定性答復(fù)、或者作為或不作為某一特定的行為來(lái)作出承諾，或者要約人可以授權(quán)受約人作出選擇性的承諾。It is essential to a bargain that each party manifest assent with reference to the manifestation of the other.任何當(dāng)事人作出意思表示都應(yīng)參考對(duì)方的意思表示，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)交易磋商很重要。(2) The manifestations of the parties are operative in accordance with the meaning attached to them by one of the parties if一方當(dāng)事人可以依據(jù)該意思表示所指的含義執(zhí)行該意思表示，如果(2) Whether or not there is a bargain a contract may be formed under special rules applicable to formal contracts or under the rules stated in 167。(a) he is unable to understand in a reasonable manner the nature and consequences of the transaction, or他不能以正常方式理解此項(xiàng)交易的性質(zhì)以及會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果，或者167。是否享有部分締約能力以及是否就某一特定交易享有 締約能力取決于該交易的本質(zhì)或者其他一些情況。(2) Where there are more promises than one in a contract, a promise may be made to some or all of them as a unit, whether or not the same or another performance is separately promised to one or more of them.如果一個(gè)合同中不只有一個(gè)允諾，則部分或全部的允諾人可以一個(gè)單位作出允諾，不管相同或另外的履行義務(wù)是否被單獨(dú)地對(duì)一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的允諾人允諾。167。167。(3) The person to whom the manifestation is addressed is the promisee.該意思表示所指向的人為受允諾人。1. CONTRACT DEFINED 合同定義A contract is a promise or a set of promises for the breach of which the law gives a remedy, or the performance of which the law in some way recognizes as a duty.合同指的是一個(gè)允諾或一組允諾，如果違反此允諾，則法律給與救濟(jì)；如果 其履行了允諾，則法律以某種方式將其視為一項(xiàng)義務(wù)。CHAPTER 10 PERFORMANCE AND NONPERFORMANCE第十章 合同的履行與不履行CHAPTER 9 THE SCOPE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS第九章CHAPTER 8 UNENFORCEABILITY ON GROUNDS OF PUBLIC POLICY第八章CHAPTER 7 MISREPRESENTATION, DURESS AND UNDUE INFLUENCE第七章Chapter 3 FORMATION OF CONTRACTSMUTUAL ASSENT第三章CHAPTER 4 FORMATION OF CONTRACTS—CONSIDERATION第四章 合同的訂立——約因CHAPTER 15 ASSGINEMNT AND DELEGATON第十五章 合同權(quán)利的轉(zhuǎn)讓與合同義務(wù)的轉(zhuǎn)托 PROMISEE. 允諾；允諾人；受允諾人(1) A promise is a manifestation of intention to act or refrain from acting in a specified way, so made as to justify a promisee in understanding that a mitment has been made.允諾就是以特定方式實(shí)施或禁止實(shí)施某種行為的意思表示，這種意思表示 使受允諾人正當(dāng)?shù)卣J(rèn)為一個(gè)允諾已經(jīng)作出。 BARGAIN DEFINED協(xié)議的定義；An agreement is a manifestation of mutual assent on the part of two or more persons. A bargain is an agreement to exchange promises or to exchange a promise for a performance or to exchange performances..交易磋商約定的定義 一個(gè)協(xié)議就是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人一致的意思表示。10. Multiple Promisors and Promisees of the Same Performance針對(duì)同一項(xiàng)履行的多個(gè)允諾人和受允諾人(c) mentally ill or defective, or有精神疾病或精神缺陷者，或TOPIC 1. IN GENRERAL主題一 一般規(guī)定167。(b) each party knows or each party has reason to know the meaning attached by the other. of Contract Where Memorial is contemplated在意圖制作記錄情況下合同的存在(b) when goods are put up without reserve, the auctioneer makes an offer to sell at any price bid by the highest bidder, and after the auctioneer calls for id the goods cannot be withdrawn unless no bid is made within a reasonable time。31. Offer Proposing a Single Contract or a Number of Contracts提議締結(jié)一個(gè)或幾個(gè)合同的要約An offer may propose the formation of a single contract by a single acceptance or the formation of a number of contracts by successive acceptances from time to time.一個(gè)要約可以通過(guò)一個(gè)承諾締結(jié)一個(gè)合同，或者也可以通過(guò)不時(shí)地、連續(xù)性的承諾締結(jié)幾個(gè)合同。(1) The terms of a contract may be reasonably certain even though it empowers one or both parties to make a selection of terms in the course of performance.合同當(dāng)事人在履行義務(wù)過(guò)程中，雖然可以就合同的條款作出選擇，但是合 同的條款應(yīng)是具有相當(dāng)確定性的。36. Methods of Termination of the Power of Acceptance承諾權(quán)利終止的方式167。167。(2) An offeree39。s power of acceptance is terminated at the time specified in the offer, or, if no time is specified, at the end of a reasonable time.要約中應(yīng)明確受要約人承諾能力的終止時(shí)間，或者如果沒(méi)有明確時(shí)間，則其承諾能力應(yīng)在合理的時(shí)間之后終止。167。167。(1) Where an offer invites an offeree to accept by rendering a performance an d does not i