【正文】 d) documents and records determined by the organization to be necessary to ensure the effective planning, operation and control of processes that relate to its significant environmental aspects。b) the means and timeframe by which they are to be achieved. Implementation and operation Resources, roles, responsibility and authorityManagement shall ensure the availability of resources essential for the implementation and control of the environmental management system. Resources include human resources and specialized skills, internal infrastructure, technology and financial resources.Roles, responsibilities and authorities shall be defined, documented and municated in order to facilitate effective environmental management.The organization’s top management shall appoint (a) specific management representative(s) who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined roles, responsibilities and authority for:a) ensuring that an environmental management system is established, implemented and maintained in accordance with the requirements of this International Standard。 f) is municated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organization。 thus, for example, and both deal with objectives and targets, and and both deal with internal environmental management system audit.2 Normative referencesNo normative references are included.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this International StandardInternational Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.NOTE Terms are not defined where they retain their normal dictionary definition. Where bold type is used in a definition, this indicates a crossreference to another term defined in this clause, and the number reference for the term is given in parentheses.auditorperson with the petence to conduct an audit[ISO— Requirements with guidance for use1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies requirements for an environmental management system, to enable an organization to develop a policy and objectives taking into account legal requirements and information about significant environmental aspects. It applies to those environmental aspects which the organization can control and those which it can influence. It does not itself state specific environmental performance criteria.This International Standard is applicable to any organization that wishes to:a) implement, maintain and improve an environmental management system。 Plan:establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the organization’s environmental policy.190。2.The main task of technical mittees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical mittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75BSIEnvironmental management systems management systemsEnvironmental management11207 2Heading 2Heading 1STD Version 27Environmental management systemsISOInternational Standard2003ISON1Secretariat:A (informative) Guidance on the use of the standard 10 General requirements 10 Environmental policy 11 Planning 11 Environmental aspects 11 Legal and other requirements 13 Objectives, targets and programmes 13 Implementation and operation 14 Resources, roles, responsibility and authority 14 Competence, training and awareness 14 Communication 15 Documentation 15 Document control 16 Operational control 16 Emergency preparedness and response 16 Checking and corrective action 17 Monitoring and measurement 17 Evaluation of legal pliance 17 Nonconformity and preventive and corrective action 17 Records 17 Internal environmental management system audit 18 Management review 18Annex14001:1996), [clause(s) / subclause(s) / table(s) / figure(s) / annex(es)] of which [has / have] been technically revised.IntroductionOrganizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned to achieve and demonstrate sound environmental performance by controlling the impact of their activities, products or services on the environment, taking into account their environmental policy and objectives. They do so in the context of increasingly stringent legislation, the development of economic policies and other measures to foster environmental protection, and a general growth of concern from interested parties about environmental matters and sustainable development.Many organizations have undertaken environmental “reviews” or “audits” to assess their environmental performance. On their own, however, these “reviews” and “audits” may not be sufficient to provide an organization with the assurance that its performance not only meets, but will continue to meet, its legal and policy requirements. To be effective, they need to be conducted within a structured management system and integrated with overall management. International Standards covering environmental management are intended to provide organizations with the elements of an effective environmental management system which can be integrated with other management requirements, to assist organizations to achieve environmental and economic goals. These Standards, like other international Standards, are not intended to be used to create nontariff trade barriers or to increase or change an organization’s legal obligations. This International Standard specifies the requirements of such an environmental management system. It has been written to be applicable to all types and sizes of organizations and to acmodate diverse geographical, cultural and social conditions. The basis of the approach is shown in Figure 1. The success of the system depends on mitment from all levels and functions, especially from top management. A system of this kind enables an organization to establish and assess the effectiveness of procedures, to develop set an environmental policy and objectives, achieve conformity with them, and demonst