【正文】 構(gòu)成方式是：“助動詞+主語+問號”。③ 形容詞類：(It is ) advisable/ desirable/ necessary/ essential/ important/ urgent/ vital that…等形式中。The book costs 10 Yuan.The hat doesn’t suit me.第三節(jié) 句子與從句 (Sentences and Clauses)：陳述句 (Declarative Sentences)疑問句A．一般疑問句 (General Questions)B．特殊疑問句 (Special Questions)C．選擇疑問句 (Alternative Questions)D．反意疑問句 (Disjunctive Questions)祈使句 (Imperative Sentences)感嘆句 (Exclamatory Sentences)1) 陳述句用來陳述一個事實或者觀點.Mary arrived quite early this morning.2) 一般疑問句以助動詞(do, does, did, have, had, be, will, would, shall, should),情態(tài)動詞(can, could, may, might, must, ought to)開始,通常要求以Yes或No回答。She was seen to pass by the window.He was heard to sing midnight.④ 主動形式表被動意義的幾種情況。（Tenses）英語中動詞時態(tài)常見的有16種,參見下表:體時間一般體進行體完成體完成進行體現(xiàn)在1) 一般現(xiàn)在時 do/does5)現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are doing9)現(xiàn)在完成時have/has done13)現(xiàn)在完成進行時have/has been doing過去2)一般過去時did6)過去進行時was/were doing10)過去完成時had done 14)過去完成進行時had been doing將來3)一般將來時shall/will do7)將來進行時will be doing11)將來完成時will have done15)將來完成進行時will have been doing過去將來4)過去將來時should/would do 8)過去將來進行時would be doing12)過去將來完成時would have done16)過去將來完成進行時would have been doing就其用法各舉一例如下：1） Water boils at 100℃.2） He went to Beijing ten times in 2000.3） I will go before he es.4） She would not leave until I returned.5） I will think it over while you are collecting materials.6） She told me to wake him up if he was sleeping.7） I will be sitting in front of the TV set this time tomorrow.8） He promised that he would be looking after my dog when I left here. 9） We haven’t heard from each other for three years.10) Jane had learned Chinese before she came to China.11) By the end of this term, I will have taught at his college for 10 years.12) Yesterday Mr. Li said he would have been in this college for 10 years by the end of the term.13) He has been writing letters since his morning.14) After driving for a long time, she suddenly realized that she had been driving in the wrong direction all the afternoon.15) By the time the sun sets, they will have been working on the farm for 6 hours. 16) Yesterday Mr. Li said he would have been teaching in this college for 10 years by the end of the term.1一般現(xiàn)在時 (the simple present tense)1) 經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復發(fā)生的動作:He smokes a lot.How often do you go swimming?2) 現(xiàn)時的情況與狀態(tài):I know you are busy.How do you like this city?3) 永恒的真理:Summer follows spring.The sun rises in the east.ⅰ 還常常用于靜態(tài)動詞(表示一種狀態(tài)的動詞),代替使用進行時態(tài): 如mean, seem, hate, surprise, guess, feel, hope, sound, need, know, understand, wish等.ⅱ 表示現(xiàn)在時刻發(fā)生的動作: 運動解說,演示說明,動作描述,劇情介紹,舞臺動作說明,用來指引道路,圖片說明.ⅲ 表示將來情況: 表示規(guī)定,時間表,計劃或安排要發(fā)生的事情,這時有一個表示未來時間的狀語,只限于少數(shù)動詞,如 arrive, be, begin, close, e, depart, dine, end, finish, go, leave, open, return, sail, start, stop. 另外在由if, unless, even if, when, after, before, as soon as, as long as, as等引導的時間或條件從句中,一般只能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的動作.Turn off the lights before you leave.If we hurry, we may catch the bus.ⅳ 表示過去動作的用法,只限于少量動詞,如hear, say, tell等.Yes, you answer quite well.Oh, I forget where she lives.此外,故事性讀物中戲劇性的描繪,報紙標題中,小說章節(jié)的題目中,引用書面材料時.ⅴ now, today, often, usually, normally, generally, weekly, seldom, never, ever, at the moment, once a month, now and then等.2. 現(xiàn)在進行時 (the present continuous tense)1) 表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作:They are talking。a. 某些感官動詞和系動詞加形容詞可以用主動表示被動意義，如look, smell, taste, feel, sound, prove, wear 等。Did Mary arrive early this morning?3) 特殊疑問句通常以一個疑問詞開始,語序要倒裝: who, what, which, when, where, how(how long, how soon, how often).When did Mary arrive this morning?4) 選擇疑問句一般用or來連接兩個選擇部分,不能用Yes或No回答。注： 當 suggest作“暗示，表明”解時，而insist表示“堅持認為”的內(nèi)容不是“建議，命令，希望，愿望”等主觀看法而強調(diào)其是事實時，其后的從句用陳述語氣。構(gòu)成基本原則是：1）陳述句是肯定的，問句用否定屬動詞；陳述句是否定的，問句用肯定助動詞。If only we had arrived in time!If only I were still young and beautiful!If only the rain would stop!If only you would try harder!10． 在表示祝?；蛟竿约霸{咒的感嘆句中Long live our motherland!(May) you succeed.(May) he die immediately.第六節(jié) 反意疑問句(Disjunctive/Tag Questions)反意疑問句是在陳述句后再附加一個簡短問句，進行反問或詰問。① 動詞類：mand direct order （命令） decide（決定） demand request require （要求） desire（希望） propose suggest remend（建議） urge （敦促） maintain（堅持說） insist（堅持）② 名詞類：advice/ decision/ desire /or