【正文】 9. C。實(shí)際上前面虛擬語氣的答語采用了省略形式。we can’t get there by tomorrow 為客觀事實(shí)，故宜用陳述語氣。 thatC. should not be sent。Had I been there, I would have asked her the question. 如果我在那里，我就會問她這個問題。t have achieved all this. 要不是有你幫助，我不會取得這些成就。如：You’d better ask your father first. 你最好先問一問你的父親。如：Long live the Communist Party of China. 中國******萬歲。7. 簡單句中的虛擬語氣1. 說話時，為了表示客氣、謙虛、委婉而有禮貌，言語常使用虛擬語氣。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should) + 動詞原形。I’d rather you were here now. 我倒想你現(xiàn)在在這兒。2. believe, expect, suspect, think, imagine等動詞的否定句或疑問句中的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣。如：I’m very sorry that you should have failed the exam. 我很遺憾，你這次考試竟然失敗了。3. 方式狀語從句中的虛擬語氣as if, as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句常用虛擬語氣。I will wait for him no matter how late he may e. 不管他來的多么晚，我都會等他。如：He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近說話的人以便能挺得更清楚。（2）在名詞性從句中 在某些表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”含意的名詞，與該名詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句如：主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句中，從句的謂語動詞要使用虛擬語氣，從句動詞的形式為：（should+）動詞原形 (美國英語不用should)，例如：It was bill’s suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.每個人都有一個地圖是比爾的建議。It was arranged that they leave the following week.根據(jù)安排，他們下星期動身。I will not make a noise for fear (that) I should/might disturb you.我不會作聲，以免打擾你。We would have been in real trouble but for your help. （＝if it hadn’t been for you help……）如果沒有你的幫助，我們原本會陷入嚴(yán)重的困難之中。短語中的high與about用于加強(qiáng)和緩和語氣。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，實(shí)際上他并不知道）looked as if she were made of ice.她看起來似乎是冰做的。I would rather/sooner he had gone there too.我寧愿他也去那里。（愿望與當(dāng)時的事實(shí)相反）注意2. 在動詞hope后要用陳述語氣?！駑ish后的從句 wish表示過去或現(xiàn)在未實(shí)現(xiàn)的主觀愿望，以及將來實(shí)現(xiàn)不了或很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，可以翻譯成中文：“希望”、“真希望”、“要是…就好了”I wish I knew his address.真希望我知道他的地址。(6)用介詞短語表示假設(shè)條件有時可以用介詞短語做假設(shè)條件，以取代非真實(shí)條件句中的if從句。（從句發(fā)生在過去，主句發(fā)生在將來。If he should fail, we would encourage him to try again.萬一他失敗，我們就鼓勵他再試一試。If I were/was you I would reconsider their proposal.我要是你，我就會重新考慮他們的建議。you我就能在空中飛行。wereforgetteacher ②Were包括陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣三種。sidesyesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎？ ③Howlate虛擬語氣表示動作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測等。flypasswould / should / might / could + 動詞原形現(xiàn)在動詞過去式(be 用 were)would / should / might / could + 動詞原形過去had +動詞過去分詞would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞情態(tài)動詞+ have donecould have done 本來可以 might have done 本來可能 should / ought to have done 本來應(yīng)該做 shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不該做 你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。She would have e if she hadn’t been so busy.要不是太忙，她就來了。）If you were in better health, we would have allowed you to join them in the work.如果你身體好些，我們就讓你和他們一道做這工作了。Should she e here, we would discuss this matter with her.要是他來這兒的話，我們就和她討論這件事。3. 一些程序化了的必須或可能使用虛擬語氣的情況在英語中，有些動詞、短語、句型中，必須或可能要使用虛擬語氣，下面逐一說明：（1）wish, if only, would rather, would sooner 后的虛擬語氣wish, if only, would rather, would sooner是指人們無法實(shí)現(xiàn)或很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的主觀愿望表2. 從句中謂語動詞的形式用 法動詞形式表示當(dāng)時未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望一般過去式表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望過去完成式表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)可能性很小的愿望過去將來式（見表1）的條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞形式基本相同。（將來的愿望在說話人看來很難實(shí)現(xiàn)）注意1. 如果wish是過去式(wished)，后面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣形式不變，在譯為中文時，可以加上“當(dāng)時”、“那里”。If only he would not eat so much sugar.要是他不吃那么多糖就好了。，如果詞語動詞是be，則一切人稱均可用were。（陳述語氣，有可能真的喝醉了）He walk as if her were drunk.他走起路來好像喝醉了似的?！馼ut forbut for是短語介詞，譯為“要不是…”、“如果沒有…”。從上面例句可以看出，雖然動作發(fā)生在過去，but that從句中的謂語動詞help用的是陳述語氣（一般過去時而非虛擬語氣的過去完成時）。下面我們逐個說明。They requested that he (should) sign a song.他們要求他唱支歌。并且 should不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief should e in. 她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進(jìn)入。(2) 在whatever， whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter whword 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：① may +動詞原形(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。The party was a success, however inadequate the preparations may have been.You mustn’t be proud, however much you may have achieved.(3) 在though, although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為 should +動詞原形，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。如：He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生氣，你竟然對他直呼其名。但是，當(dāng)insist的意思為：堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說；suggest的意思為：表明，暗含，暗示等時，賓語從句一般不用虛擬語氣。He wishes we could go and play games with him. 他希望我們能去跟他做游戲。It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遺憾我們昨天晚上沒有見過面。六、定語從句中的虛擬語氣英語中，表示：“早該做某事了”時，定語從句中的謂語動詞須用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is (high / about) time that + 主語+ 動詞的