【正文】 ) ?? period (.), except as a separator between names ?? parentheses (()) ?? braces ({}) ?? underscore (_) ?? The number of characters in a name must be between 2 and 24. ?? Avoid nonstandard TLDs such as .local. Using a nonstandard TLD will prevent you from being able to register your domain name on the Inter. 11 Installing and Configuring AD DS and DNS When you create a new Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) domain, the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard installs the Domain Name System (DNS) server role by default. This ensures that DNS and AD DS are configured properly for integration with each other. Important Before you install AD DS and DNS on the first domain controller server in a new domain, ensure that the IP address of the server is static。s puter is configured to use. If the DNS server has been configured to respond authoritatively with the address of the requested host, it replies to the request directly. Otherwise, the DNS server passes the request on to another server that can provide the address or a referral to another DNS server that can help provide the address. This is where the name hierarchy es into play: If a DNS server does not know which server is configured with the address, it can request the server that is responsible for maintaining addresses of servers at each level in the hierarchy until it locates the authoritative server. For example, if the DNS server does not know which server is responsible for the server named , the DNS server can ask the server that is responsible for supplying the names of DNS servers in the . domain to provide the address of the server that is responsible for providing the addresses of DNS servers in the domain. The original DNS server can then query that server for the address of the puter named . DNS requires little ongoing maintenance for small businesses, which typically have one to four DNS servers. (Mediumsize anizations usually have 4 to 14 DNS servers.) DNS problems, however, can affect server availability for your entire work. Most DNS problems occur because DNS settings are configured incorrectly or obsolete records remain on the DNS servers. By following the procedures in this guide, you can avoid such problems when you deploy DNS in a simple work that is based on the Windows Server174。 domain controller can act as a DNS server that registers the names and addresses of puters in the domain and then provides the work address of a member puter when the domain controller receives a query with the name of the puter. This guide explains how to set up DNS on a simple work that consists of a single domain. This document supports a preliminary release of a software product that may be changed substantially prior to final mercial release, and is the confidential and proprietary information of Microsoft Corporation. It is disclosed pursuant to a nondisclosure agreement between the recipient and Microsoft. This document is provided for informational purposes only and Microsoft makes no warranties, either express or implied, in this document. Information in this document, including URL and other Inter Web site references, is subject to change without notice. The entire risk of the use or the results from the use of this document remains with the user. Unless otherwise noted, the panies, anizations, products, domain names, addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted in examples herein are fictitious. No association with any real pany, anization, product, domain name, address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred. Complying with all applicable copyright laws is the responsibility of the user. Without limiting the rights under copyright, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), or for any purpose, without the express written permission of Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft may have patents, patent applications, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property rights covering subject matter in this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from Microsoft, the furnishing of this document does not give you any license to these patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property. 169。 operating systems, such as Windows 2020, Windows XP, Windows Server 2020, and Windows Vista. DNS is a requirement for deploying the Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) server role. Integrating DNS with AD DS makes it possible for DNS servers to take advantage of the security, performance, and faulttolerance capabilities of AD DS. Typically, you anize your DNS namespace (that is, the association of domains, subdomains, and hosts) in a way that supports your plan for using AD DS to anize the puters on your work. Understanding the DNS namespace The following illustration shows how the DNS namespace is anized. 7 A DNS name consists of two or more parts separated by periods, or dots (.). The last (rightmost) part of the name is called the toplevel domain (TLD). Other parts of the name are subdomains of the TLD or another subdomain. The names of the TLDs are either functional or geographical. Subdomains usually refer to the anization that owns the domain name. Functional TLDs suggest the purpose of the anization that has registered a subdomain in the TLD. The following table shows some of the most mon functional TLD names. Functional TLD Typically used by … . Commercial entities, such as corporations, to register DNS domain names .edu Educational institutions, such as colleges, and public and private schools .gov Government entities, such as federal, state, and local governments . Organizatio