【正文】 ride 。stolen 。to leave 。discussed 。being held 。advancing 。finding。to find to。 eg. moving film。 (2)作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞且與所修飾的名詞存在動賓關(guān)系，不定式后須有相應(yīng)的介詞。 即 “吾看三室兩廳一感覺 ”—5 看（ see, watch, observe, look at, notice ）； 3 使（ make, let, have） 。 stop doing （ 5） try to do sth 努力去做某事 。 deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate。 decide /determine, learn, want, expect/ hope wish。） 2） 作賓語： I don’t like his/him staying with us. 3） 作表語： My joy is his winning the table－ tennis game.（ his 不能改為 him） ? 非謂語動詞 時態(tài)用法 get 4 非謂語動詞用法比較之前之后同時H a v i n g a l r e a d y r e a d t h e b o o k , I w a n t t o r e a d o t h e r b o o k s .H e w e n t u p t o m e , s a y i n g “ H e l l o ! ”I s a w h e r t a l k i n g w i t h h e r f r i e n d .現(xiàn)在分詞H e a d m i t t e d h a v i n g s t o l e n t h e m o n e y .W e l o o k f o r w a r d t o v i s i t i n g t h e M u s e u m .H e k e p t a s k i n g q u e s t i o n s i n c l a s s .動名詞I a m s o r r y t o h a v e b r o k e n y o u r g l a s s .H e a s k e d m e t o c o m e e a r l i e r .I a m g l a d t o m e e t y o u .不定式與謂語動詞動作比較舉例 總結(jié)： 1. 一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時（幾乎同時）發(fā)生，或者在謂語動詞的動作之后發(fā)生。 例如： We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. /I saw Tom ing out of the house. /Don?t keep the students doing homework all day. ? 注：上述動詞后跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)表示動作的過程，而不是正在進(jìn)行中的動作，而現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)則表示正在進(jìn)行中的動作。如： They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit. 他們很幸運(yùn)去國外訪問。他們沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但可以有自己的賓語 ,也有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。 例如： 1）主語： To master a foreign language is very important. 2）表語： My job is to drive them to the pany every day. 3）賓語： Do you want to visit the Great Wall? Can you give us some advice on what to do next? 4） 賓補(bǔ)： The teacher advised us to have a rest first. I didn’t notice them e in. ? 注： see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let 等動詞后作賓補(bǔ)的動 詞不定式不帶 to, 但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)以后（即不定式作主補(bǔ)時）要帶 to, 其中 let sb. do sth. 變?yōu)楸粍邮綖?sb. is let do sth. help（幫助）后作賓補(bǔ)的動詞不定式可帶 to，也可不帶 to. 即 help sb.(to)do sth. 5） 定語：不定式位于所修飾的名詞，代詞之后，如： Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in. 2 6）狀語： in order to improve her English A．目的狀語： She reads China Daily every day so as to improve her English. to improve her English 注： in order to 可以位 于句首或句中， so as to 不能位于句首。 3．現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū) 別： 1）語態(tài)不同：現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動概念，及物動詞的過去分詞表示被動概念。 D．作狀語： ① 時間狀語： Reading the letter, I couldn’t help thinking of my school life. ② 原因狀語： Being ill, I didn’t go to school yesterday. ③ 方式或伴隨狀語： Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty. 5．過去分詞的基本用法： 1）作定語： The stolen car was found by the police last week. 2）作表語： The glass is broken. /When I got to the classroom ,the door was locked. 3）作賓補(bǔ)： You must have your hair cut. 4）作狀語： Given more time ,we can do the work much better. 6．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)： 當(dāng)分詞有它自己的獨(dú)立主語（不同于句子主語的名詞或代詞）時，則是一種獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式，在句中作狀語、定語等。3. 非謂語動詞的一致性：若句子的主語和表語都是非謂語動詞，應(yīng)保持形式上的一致性。 禁止想象才冒險，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。 fet doing (已做 ) （ 2） remember to do (未做 )。 (但 why+不帶 to 的不定式。 高考鏈接 （ 1）（ 2020 湖南 21） Listen! Do you hear someone ___for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called （ 2） (2020 全國 Ⅱ 16) They use puters to keep the traffic smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running （ 3） (2020 江蘇 34)To learn English well， we should find opportunities to hear English A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak （ 4） (2020 全國 Ⅰ 29)I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A. burning C. being burnt D. to be burnt 3. leave 后接非謂語動詞作賓補(bǔ)時，意為 “ 使 … 處于某種狀態(tài) ” 。 （ 2）做定語的不及物動詞分詞 形式為：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。 eg. I am very glad to see you. I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語動詞發(fā)生（ A f t e r + 狀語從句）h a v i n g b e e n + v . ed( h a v i n g b e e n d o n e )與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行b e i n g + v . ed( b e i n g d o n e )與句中謂語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系v e d ( d o n e )與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，先于謂語動詞發(fā)生h a v i n g + v . e d ( h a v i n g d o n e )與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，與句中謂語動詞同時發(fā)生，或基本上同時發(fā)生v. i n g( d o i n g )意義形式2 分詞作狀語（ 2020 天津 12） It rained heavily in the south, _____ serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解題技巧：（ 1）讀題，分析句子是否考察 非謂語動詞作狀語 （ 2）找到句子的主語； （ 3）非謂語動詞做狀語的總原則：非謂語動詞的邏輯主語須與句子的主語保持一致； （ 4）體會非謂語動詞與邏輯主語之間的主被動關(guān)系以及時態(tài)。leading lead。seeing 。permitted 。sung 。doing be done。tiring 。helping you 。riding boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ______ . to to do do it not to ’s troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers. they have to have not not having their having his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. knowing not having known not know is used ______ houses in some places . build building be built built on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.(MET) do 。stealing the kind－ hearted boy ______ me with my work,I’m sure I’ll be able to spare time ______ with your work. help。leaving am very have a very difficult problem ______ . work work out be worked out work it out would appreciate ______ back this affernoon.(NMET