【正文】 instead, the full power of the supported APIs is kept intact. The Spring Framework is the only framework available in Java which offers managed data access environments outside of an application server or container. While using Spring for transaction management with Hibernate, the following beans may have to be configured. Transaction management framework Spring39。s speed is class to plete the permanent memory, so in some cases by the use of memory pared to the number of users is indeed a minimum cost performance. On the other hand, it also needs disk space to store a series of. Java documents and. Class, as well as the corresponding versions of documents. 2. J2EE Development Framework Java2 Enterprise Edition middleware unified ideology played a significant role. For example, J2EE for distributed transaction management, directory services and messaging services provide a standard programming interface. J2EEbased Java2Standard Edition (J2SE), successfully access for Java provides a standard relational database. But, as this article J2EE programming of the lack of support, as mentioned, J2EEplatform does not provide a satisfactory application programming model. Sun and some of the major application server vendors wanted to use the development tools to reduce the plexity of J2EE development, but these tools are no other outstanding JAVA development tools, which have advanced refactoring tools, and. NET platform pared, J2EE tool support appeared to be very inferior. Many J2EE development tools automatically generate the code for the same plex as the tools themselves. In many smallscale J2EE open source munity developers chose another way of development some can be difficult to reduce the development of J2EE development framework, the more popular such as: Struts, Hibernate, and Spring Framework, J2EE project types in many of today they play an important the role. Spring Framework The Spring Framework is an open source application framework for the Java platform. The first version was written by Rod Johnson who released the fra mework with the publication of his book Expert OneonOne J2EE Design and Development in October 2020. The framework was first released under the Apache license in June 2020. The first milestone release, , was released in March 2020, with further milestone releases in September 2020 and March 2020. The Spring framework won a Jolt productivity award and a JAX Innovation Award in 2020. Spring was released in October 2020, and Spring in November 2020. In December 2020 version GA was released. The current version is . The core features of the Spring Framework can be used by any Java application, but there are extensions for building web applications on top of the Java EE platform. Although the Spring Framework does not impose any specific programming model, it has bee popular in the Java munity as an alternative to, replacement for, or even addition to the Enterprise JavaBean (EJB) model. Modules The Spring Framework prises several modules that provide a range of services: Inversion of Control container: configuration of application ponents and lifecycle management of Java objects Aspectoriented programming: enables implementation of crosscutting routines Data access: working with relational database management systems on the Java platform using JDBC and objectrelational mapping tools Transaction management: unifies several transaction management APIs and coordinates transactions for Java objects Modelviewcontroller: an HTTP and Servletbased framework providing hooks for extension and customization Remote Access framework: configurative RPCstyle export and import of Java objects over works supporting RMI, CORBA and HTTPbased protocols including web services (SOAP) Conventionoverconfiguration: a rapid application development solution for Springbased enterprise applications is offered in the Spring model. Batch processing: a framework for highvolume processing featuring reusable functions including logging/tracing, transaction management, job processing statistics, job restart, skip, and resource management Authentication and authorization: configurable security processes that support a range of standards, protocols, tools and practices via the Spring Security subproject (formerly Acegi Security System for Spring). Remote Management: configurative exposure and management of Java objects for local or remote configuration via JMX Messaging: configurative registration of message listener objects for transparent message consumption from message queues via JMS, improvement of message sending over standard JMS APIs Testing: support classes for writing unit tests and integration tests Inversion of Control container Central to the Spring Framework is its Inversion of Control container, which provides a consistent means of configuring and managing Java objects using callbacks. The container is responsible for managing object lifecycles: creating objects, calling initialization methods, and configuring objects by wiring them together. Objects created by the container are also called Managed Objects or Beans. Typically, the container is configured by loading XML files containing Bean definitions which provide the information required to create the beans. Objects can be obtained by means of Dependency lookup or Dependency injection. Dependency lookup is a pattern where a caller asks the container object for an object with a specific name or of a specific type. Dependency injection is a pattern where the container passes objects by name to other objects, via either constructors, properties, or factory methods. In many cases it39。兩種軟件都是開(kāi)源免費(fèi)的。 解決措施：未解決這一問(wèn)題，應(yīng)從兩方面著手： （ 1）與越來(lái)越多的出版社、公司等展開(kāi)合作，加大內(nèi)容導(dǎo)入。 提供文檔的解析和在線播放服務(wù) 在用戶成功上傳文檔的前提下，為文檔提供格式轉(zhuǎn)換和在線播放服務(wù)。在 MVC 模式中，三個(gè)層各施其職，所以如果一旦哪一層的需求發(fā)生了變化，