【正文】 必須結束遠足夠在換檔閥移動之前比較高的 ( 因此車輛速度必須比較快速 ) 適應二檔。 如果車很快地是加速，換檔閥將會延遲一個變化。 其他的車使用一個真空調整器對節(jié)流閥提供壓力。 調速器 調速器是一個聰明的閥門它告訴變速器車行駛的速度。 你在變速器里所能看到的所有不同組件的流體通道 ,被制成金屬模型的通道是一個高效率的流行通道 。舉例來說 ,這里是自動變速器的一些特征 : (在一個四速度的變速器上 ) 中 ,變速器將會根據車輛速度和節(jié)流閥踏板位置自動地選擇齒輪。 如果引擎以每分鐘(RPM) 2020次的速度旋轉，那么裝置輸出速度就是 3000 RPM 。在這傳輸中 , 參與加速檔可立即完成二件事。 環(huán)齒輪 (大的太陽齒輪 ) 被傳輸帶所固定，而輸出的是行星載體，所以公式是 : 1 + R/S=1 + 36/30 =:1 小太陽齒輪每轉動一次，行星載體轉動 。 這個結合顛倒了方向。行星齒輪很有可能在自動變速器中成為一個設備。 沒有傳輸器 , 汽車對一個齒輪比率會被限制 ,并且那個比率必須被選擇允許汽車渴望旅行的最高速度。 so when the car is going faster, the 2to3 shift valve will take over, because the pressure from the governor is high enough to trigger that valve. Electronic Controls Electronically controlled transmissions, which appear on some newer cars, still use hydraulics to actuate the clutches and bands, but each hydraulic circuit is controlled by an electric solenoid. This simplifies the plumbing on the transmission and allows for more advanced control schemes. 外文資料 11 自動變速器如何工作 如果你曾經駕駛過一輛帶著自動變速器的車 , 那么你就知道自動變速器和手動變速器之間有很大的不同 : 在一個帶著自動變速器的汽車中沒有離合器踏板。s go back to our chart again, this time with the pla carrier for input, the sun gear fixed and the ring gear for output. Ratio = 1 / (1 + S/R) = 1 / ( 1 + 36/72) = :1 So the output spins once for every twothirds of a rotation of the engine. If the engine is turning at 2020 rotations per minute (RPM), the output speed is 3000 RPM. This allows cars to drive at freeway speed while the engine speed stays nice and slow. Reverse Reverse is very similar to first gear, except that instead of the small sun gear being driven by the torque converter turbine, the bigger sun gear is driven, and the small one freewheels in the opposite direction. The pla carrier is held by the reverse band to the housing. So, according to our equations from the last page, we have: Ratio = R/S = 72/36 = :1 So the ratio in reverse is a little less than first gear in this transmission. Gear Ratios This transmission has four forward gears and one reverse gear. Let39。s torque, and to keep the engine operating at an appropriate speed. The key difference between a manual and an automatic transmission is that the manual transmission locks and unlocks different sets of gears to the output shaft to achieve the various gear ratios, while in an automatic transmission, the same set of gears produces all of the different gear ratios. The plaary gear set is the device that makes this possible in an automatic transmission. Gears This automatic transmission uses a set of gears, called a pound plaary gear set, that looks like a single plaary gear set but actually behaves like two 外文資料 6 plaary gear sets bined. It has one ring gear that is always the output of the transmission, but it has two sun gears and two sets of plas. Let39。外文資料 5 How Automatic Transmissions Work If you have ever driven a car with an automatic transmission, then you know that there are two big differences between an automatic transmission and a manual transmission: There is no clutch pedal in an automatic transmission car. There is no gear shift in an automatic transmission car. Once you put the transmission into drive, everything else is automatic. Both the automatic transmission (plus its torque converter) and a manual transmission (with its clutch) acplish exactly the same thing, but they do it in totally different ways. It turns out that the way an automatic transmission does it is