【正文】 Third Party Logistics(TPL) 第三方物流Third Party Logistics involves the use of external panies to perform logistics functions that have traditionally been performed within an organization. The function performed by the third party can enpass the entire logistics process or selected activities within that process.(Definition of Lieb) 第三方物流是指企業(yè)使用外部的公司來完成傳統(tǒng)上由企業(yè)內(nèi)部完成的物流職能。 optimization systems ., supply chain planning)。供應鏈管理包括管理供應與需求、原材料及零部件的采購、制造與裝配，倉儲及庫存跟蹤、定單的錄入與管理、渠道分銷及最終交付用戶（供應鏈協(xié)會的定義）生產(chǎn)及流通過程中，涉及將產(chǎn)品或服務提供給最終用戶活動的上游與下游企業(yè)，所形成的網(wǎng)鏈結構。再比如一種襯衫有10 種顏色和2 種尺碼，那么它就有20 個SKU。也指為了達到上述目的而采用的容器、材料及輔助物的過程中施加一定技術方法等的操作活動。根據(jù)實際需要，將運輸、儲存、裝卸、包裝、流通加工、配送、信息處理等基本功能實施有機結合。 Full Pallet Select 整板選取A full pallet select occurs when the ordered quantity is the same as the quantity on a full pallet. The selection is usually performed by a forklift 當定單的定貨數(shù)量與整板貨物數(shù)量相同時就叫做整板選取，通常用叉車操作 GravityFlow Rack 重力流料架A series of inclined shelves with rollers replenished from the rear. As one unit is selected, another automatically moves forward Handling/carrying 在同一場所內(nèi)，對物品進行水平移動為主的物流作業(yè)。 Distributor 分銷商Generally refers to a wholesaler. However, it also refers to a specialized wholesaler who handles one brand or category of product (., appliances, automotives, and glassware). 通常指批發(fā)商，有時也指經(jīng)營某一品牌或某一類產(chǎn)品（如汽車、玻璃制品等）的專業(yè)批發(fā)商 Dock 碼頭、站臺A collection of dock doors where trucks or rail cars are loaded (shipping) or unloaded (receiving). 卡車或火車可進行裝卸貨作業(yè)的場所，有很多門 Dock Door 站臺門Used to load or unload trailers or vans. Each dock door is identified individually within the system. 用于車輛裝卸，在系統(tǒng)中將會標識每一個門 Dry Grocery 干貨Nonperishable, unrefrigerated packaged products found in food stores 非易腐的、非冷凍的包裝產(chǎn)品 Dunnage Loose material used around cargo to prevent damage 包在貨物周圍用于防止破損的疏松材料 ECR(Efficient Customer Response) 快速客戶反應A consumer goods (primarily grocery) initiative aimed at reducing inefficient practices and waste in the supply chain EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) 電子數(shù)據(jù)交換A puter system developed in 1982 that enables panies to municate electronically using Uniform Communications Standards (UCS). EDI can be used for order entry, invoices, and correspondence which eliminates the need for typewritten documents. Enterprise resource planning（ERP）企業(yè)資源計劃（GB/T183542001）在MRPⅡ基礎上，通過前饋的物流和反饋的信息流、資金流，把客戶需求和企業(yè)內(nèi)部的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動以及供應商的資源整合在一起，體現(xiàn)完全按用戶需求進行經(jīng)營管理的一種全新的管理方法。. 2. Definitions 本文檔定義了物流領域中的一些術語. Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) 高級計劃和調(diào)度A subponent of supply chain planning, typically contextually describing manufacturing planning and scheduling. 供應鏈計劃的子模塊，典型的包括了制造計劃和調(diào)度 Advanced Ship Notice (ASN) 提前到貨通知Electronic message, including electronic data interchange (EDI) or Extensible Markup Language (XML), giving notification of product due prior to receipt. 以EDI 或XML 電子報文形式發(fā)給倉庫的提前到貨通知，倉庫將據(jù)此安排收貨計劃 Automated Storage and Retrieval System (AS/RS) Computerdriven highrise system used to store and select cases or items automatically. A system typically consists of highrise shelving, multilevel conveyors, and highrise industrial truck equipment. Back Order The automatic addition of the outofstocks listed on one order to another shipment being delivered to a retail store. There are two types of back orders: 1) receiving –ing from a supplier or vendor (the back order is sent with the next order), and 2) shipping – going to a customer (send the back order with the next order). The process a pany uses when a customer orders an item that is not in inventory。 the pany fills the order when the item bees available. Batch Picking (Batch Selection) 批量揀貨A method of order selection in which several orders for different customers, or a batch of them, are picked together. Generally, a number of selectors work at the same time in different sections of the facility to pick the batch. 揀貨的一種方法，具體指同時揀取不同客戶的若干張定單或一批定單 Bill of Lading 提單A document issued by a carrier that records the receipt of goods for shipment and the contract terms. It is not an invoice. 由承運人簽發(fā)給委托方記錄貨物收到及運輸合同條款的單證，提單是有價證券，可轉(zhuǎn)讓、抵押，但不是商業(yè)發(fā)票 Carrier 承運人Any individual, pany, or corporation engaged in transporting goods. 從事貨物運輸?shù)膫€人或公司 Cart 手推車A manually pushed or pulled platform that has a handle and four wheels. It is used to move merchandise in the facility. 具有把手和四輪可手工推拉的平臺，用于在倉庫中移動貨物 Case 箱The storage case that is taken in at receiving. This can vary from a vendor case when it is split during receiving. The column in a table represents the number of retail units in a case. Example: Product: 12 oz. Cola cans Case: 24 cans in a master case Inner Pack: 6 cans tied together with plastic (a sixpack) Retail Unit: A single can In this example, if the customer orders by sixpacks, the shipping unit would be set to 6. If the customer orders by the case, the shipping unit would be set to 24. If the customer orders by the retail unit, the shipping unit would be set to 1. Note: This is only one example of the many different ways that a product can be set up. A single product39。 FIFO(First In First Out) 先進先出Using the firstin, firstout (FIFO) method to stock and sell merchandise。（GB/T183542001） Handling Unit 處理單元Goods or aggregation of goods bundled together for distribution and logistics purposes. May include an individual item in a carton, bined items on pallets and skids, or items transferred in independently identified containers, such as ocean containers, rail cars or trucking trailers 處理單元包括了一個紙箱中的單獨貨品、卡板上的成組貨品、在獨立的標識容器中運輸?shù)呢浧?Harmonized Tariff Code A code to numerically describe all articles in international trade managed by the World Customs Organization 由世界海關組織維護的關于國際貿(mào)易貨品的編碼，也就是通常所說的HS Code Harardous Class/Indicator 危險品分類/標識Indicates whether the product is a hazard or source of danger. This prevents nonhazardous product from being mixed with hazardous products. The class indicates the category of hazardous material 標識產(chǎn)品是否是危險品，危險品的分類 Inbound 入口The flo