【正文】 pport you in the 。to bring down。說明主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作是要作用于其它事物的，往往有使物體達(dá)到其應(yīng)有的高度的含義。How did the quarrel arise? 爭(zhēng)吵是怎么引起的？（rose, risen），升起, 升高；上漲；站起來。 ，舉起；She raised her hand to greet 。Section C one is ever homeless on 。She spoke loudly so that everyone could hear 。(3)decide on(doing)（做）某事，相當(dāng)于 decide to do ：They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan.= They decided to spend the holiday in 。(1) 是從屬連詞，表“一旦……就……”,它的從句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)(包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))，主句則為一般將來時(shí)。We must e over and try out your new 。但動(dòng)詞不定式所修飾的名詞是place時(shí), 不定式后面就沒有介詞了。（1）as a matter of fact意為“實(shí)際上”，相當(dāng)于in fact。（1）since 意為“從??以后, 自??以來”, 和表示過去某一時(shí)刻的詞句連用。（2）If 當(dāng)連詞意為“如果” 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí)，主句用將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（主將從現(xiàn)）；If 當(dāng)連詞意為“是否”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語從句。He will get used to getting up 。（1） used to(doing), 可用于多種時(shí)態(tài), get也可用be / bee來代替。 used to do ；Wood is used to make 。 city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ，城市（面貌）已經(jīng)改善了很多。 a matter of fact, it’s a wonderful place to 。動(dòng)詞不定式做定語, 一般與所修飾的詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, 如果不定式動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞, 或本身有賓語, 那么不定式后面需要加介詞。 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞, 在這里意為“一定, 務(wù)必”, 常用于表達(dá)希望盡快做某事。Section B , once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help ，就選定適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹韼椭麄?。B.(2)in need 在困難時(shí)，在貧困之中；The teacher is so kindhearted that he often helps the students in ，他經(jīng)常幫助貧困的學(xué)生。（2）so that = in order to意為“為了.....，以便......”, 在此引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。（2）feel good 感到愉悅或者有信心；Feeling good about yourself is helpful to ，這對(duì)你有幫助。(1) ，養(yǎng)育（孩子），飼養(yǎng)（家畜），種植或生產(chǎn)（作物）；He raised three 。常用短語：arise from / out of ……引起；因……產(chǎn)生。 ，提起；抬高；籌集。練習(xí)： prices are ______ fast these can get the prices down。brought ’ve ______ up to 20,000 yuan for the Hope the question ______ at the meeting, no one could answer government in every country has worked for many years to support the 。think of....as......= regard......As......把......視為.......，把.......看成.......I think of her as my best 。要持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，這種動(dòng)詞叫做延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。（二）構(gòu)詞法合成詞：由兩個(gè)或者更多獨(dú)立的單詞組合成一個(gè)單詞。un。able。came。for。to 。has e。used to getting to get。 business出差be made of/from……由……制成。 is also spoken as a second language in many 。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語語態(tài)有主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)兩種。如:The classroom is cleaned(by (我們打掃。be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,其肯定式、否定式、疑問式的變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。如:Her bike is 。依靠…… different from與……不同 in成功,達(dá)成 yourself understood表達(dá)你自己的意思 one’s way to 在某人去……的路上 …… for……前往某地/leave……for……離開……去…… twenty English筆頭英語/oral English英語口語 speaking一般說來, for sb./……靠近…… person身體上,外貌上。 hope I won’t have any 。它表示最近或較近的將來,所用的動(dòng)詞多是位移動(dòng)詞。如:My uncle is meeting us 。 dare not answer questions in class, because I’m afraid of making ,困為我害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。 in yourself is the first step on the road to 。如:I don’t know what to do.=I don’t know what I should can’t decide which to buy.=she can’t decide which she will ,如果主句中的主語與賓語從句中的主語一致時(shí),賓語從句(由疑問詞引導(dǎo)通?？梢耘c“疑問詞+不定式”互相轉(zhuǎn)換。(2 主動(dòng)句中的賓補(bǔ)如果是不帶to的不定式時(shí),變成被動(dòng)句后,成為主補(bǔ)的不定式必須帶to, 常見跟不帶to的復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞有see、feel、hear、make等。(1 generally speaking “一般來說、大體上、大概”(2 in good/bad health 處于好(不好的身體狀況。如:I can’t help 。take turns to(do (做某事。 have made the world smaller, like a ,就像一個(gè)村莊。如: call him Jim.(名詞我們叫他吉姆。（二、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語可分為三種情況: 。但這種結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),to必須加上如: He was seen to leave the room with a book in his 。,經(jīng)常表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如： You need to have your hair 。(2 allow do sth 允許某人做某事 如： She allowed me to go ?！痵 made from 。(4 be made by 由（被）??（人）制作，后接表示人的名詞或代詞。Was this cake made by your mother? 這蛋糕是你媽媽做的嗎？ Metal can be made into all kinds of 。(3be used by 被??使用，by 后跟人/物，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用者。Recorders are often used by English 。如：I am surprised at 。not??any more（用于非正式文體中）都可表示“（過去曾??）現(xiàn)在不 再??” 如： She no longer lives doesn’t live here any longer(或 any 。When was the digital camera invented? 數(shù)碼像機(jī)是什么時(shí)候發(fā)明的？ It was invented in 1975 年發(fā)明的。午夜黃昏須用 at，黎明用它也不錯(cuò)。(1當(dāng) think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句含有 not 的否定詞時(shí)，該否定 應(yīng)移至主句，即否定主句的謂語動(dòng)詞。(2can +be +過去分詞，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：It is(或 has been three years since we left ?！痵 a quarter as big as the 。如： The moon goes around the earth at a distance of 38萬千米的地方繞地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。Other planets may be visited soon in the 。一篇好作文不僅是詞匯、句子的簡(jiǎn)單羅列，語句間如缺乏必要的連接過渡和照應(yīng)，作文就會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，句式單調(diào)，缺少靈氣，而看似不顯眼的銜接過渡可大大增強(qiáng)作文的連貫性，邏輯性和可讀性。 goes the ?！猄o do ?！痵 the population of the .?美國(guó)的人口是多少?7.——What’s more, the population in developing countries is growing faster.——So it ，發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人口在更快地發(fā)展。2Well, once they find people in deed, they decide on suitable ways to help , 就選定適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹韼椭麄儭? 常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用,表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and 、動(dòng)植物都有害。不定代詞:: 指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。 the government has done something useful to protect the 3 only…but also… 不僅……而且…… supposed to 應(yīng)該 to 應(yīng)該 off 關(guān)掉 of 代替 time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) sure 確保 forward向前推 down 向下 up 向上拉 example, we should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic ,我們應(yīng)該用紙的兩面,并且重新使用塑料袋。 will be a lot of hard work to do tomorrow, so make sure you go to bed early ,今晚一定要早睡。be made in…在某地制造 business出差 similar to…和……相似…into…把……翻譯成…… no/some trouble(in)doing in a while=sometimes/at times偶爾,間或=no matter when無論何時(shí) well as以及 tongue 母語 the leading position處于領(lǐng)先地位 do for號(hào)召 is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the 。 is possible that you will have some 。主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，叫主動(dòng)語態(tài)。：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+(by+賓語)其中by意為“被……。如：English is widely spoken around the world.(肯定式)English is not widely spoken around the world.(否定式)Is English widely spoken around the world?(疑問式)Yes, it is./No, it isn’：(1)在沒有指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或者不知道動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者的情況下可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換：主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+及物動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞+賓語(+其它)被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+賓語(+其它)注意：(1)主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)互轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。親自 found of…愛好…… forced to do ……/force do強(qiáng)迫某人做某事 worse 更糟的是Is Australia English the same as British English? 澳式英語和英式英語一樣嗎? is spoken differently in different Englishspeaking 。 you need help, send me anmail or telephone ，給我發(fā)電子郵件或打電話。如：e, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die例：I’m 。She is buying a new bike 。’s an honor to talk with all of 。三、語法學(xué)習(xí)wh+to do wh是指when, where, which, who(m)及how等連接詞，它們和動(dòng)詞不定式連用，即為wh+to do結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to ?！痬 moved by what Yang Liwei