英語語言學(xué)框架知識(shí)中文版-預(yù)覽頁
【正文】 well illustrated by a famous quotation from Shakespeare39。s language. Three branches of phonetics : articulatory phonetics 發(fā)音語音學(xué)（most highly developed）, auditory phonetics 聽覺語音學(xué)and acoustic phonetics 聲學(xué)語音學(xué) Organs of speech 發(fā)音器官 The articulatory apparatus of a human being are contained in three important areas or cavities: The pharyngeal cavity咽腔——the throat The oral cavity口腔——the mouth The nasal cavity 鼻腔——the nose Vibration of the vocal cords （聲帶） results in a quality of speech sounds called voicing 濁音，which is a feature of all vowels 元音 and some consonants 輔音。 在寬式標(biāo)音的基礎(chǔ)上， 再用變音符號(hào)表示同一語音在不同的語音環(huán)境下不同發(fā)音的標(biāo)音法叫做窄式標(biāo)音法。 it aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to convey meaning in linguistic munication. 音系學(xué)研究的重點(diǎn)是特定語言的語音體系，語音表達(dá)意義作用。 Phonemic contrast, plementary distribution, and minimal pair 音位對(duì)立，互補(bǔ)分布，最小對(duì)立對(duì) rope and robe that /P/ and /b/ can occur in the same environments and they distinguish meaning?！ 〕蟹痔卣髦盖蟹旨磫我魧用嬉陨系囊粝堤卣?。 Free Morpheme: A free morpheme is one that can stand by itself. （independent） 自由語素可以作為單詞獨(dú)立使用。nagative prefixes: un,non,in,dis,a etc. 2）39。pejorative prefixes: mis, mal, pseudo etc. 4）39。orientation amp。表示數(shù)量39。s the formation of a new word by adding suffixes to stems. 1）noun suffixes 2）adjective suffixes 3）Adverb suffixes 4）verb suffixes Compounding復(fù)合法 （also called position） Compounding: is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems Formation of pounds Noun noun（名詞＋名詞） —— handbook, sunshine Adjective noun（形容詞＋名詞）——highway, deadline Adjective noun ed（形容詞＋名詞＋ed）——whitehaired, redeyed Verb noun（動(dòng)詞＋名詞）——driveway, breakwater（擋水板） Adverb noun（副詞＋名詞）——downtown, overburden Noun verb（名詞＋動(dòng)詞）——toothpick, snowfall Verb adverb（動(dòng)詞＋副詞）——followup, kickoff Noun adjective（名詞＋形容詞）——worldfamous, lifelong ing form noun（ing 名詞）——baking power, diningroom other forms（其他）——gobetween, fatherinlaw Features of pounds復(fù)合詞的特征 ?。–ompounds are written in three ways: solid（airmail） hyphenated（airconditioning） open（air force, air raid） ?。◤?fù)合詞的詞性一般取決于復(fù)合詞最后一個(gè)成分的詞性） ?。◤?fù)合詞的意義具有習(xí)語性質(zhì)，許多復(fù)合詞的意義都不是其構(gòu)成成分意義和總和） ?。◤?fù)合詞的單詞重音落在第一個(gè)構(gòu)成成分上）
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