【正文】 e familiar with the guidelines or if you have a particular question.)In MLA style, referring to the works of others in your text is done in two ways. When you make reference to someone else39。provide full citation information for the work in your Works Cited list This allows people to know which sources you used in writing your essay and then be able to look them up themselves, so that they can use them in their scholarly work. Here are some basic guidelines for referring to the works of others in your text. For additional help with citing the works of others, see our additional resources section. Parenthetical Citations
MLA format follows the authorpage method of citation. This means that the author39。t do that well ( Weisman 259). Sometimes more information is necessary to identify the source from which a quotation is taken. For instance, if two or more authors have the same last name, provide both authors39。s all I remember (1112). Long Quotations
Place quotations longer than four typed lines in a freestanding block of typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented one inch from the left margin, and maintain doublespacing. Your parenthetical citation should e after the closing punctuation mark. When quoting verse, maintain original line breaks. (You should maintain doublespacing throughout your essay.)For example:Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration: They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw39。 only use brackets around ellipsis marks to distinguish them from ellipsis marks in the quoted author39。 likewise, each entry in the workscited list must be cited in your text. Preparing your works cited list using MLA style is covered in chapter six of the MLA Style Manual, and chapter four of the Handbook for Writing Research Papers. Here are some guidelines for preparing your works cited list. List Format
Keep in mind that underlining and italics are equivalent。Authors39。If you have cited more than one work by a particular author, order them alphabetically by title, and use three hyphens in place of the author39。Capitalize each word in the titles of articles, books, etc. This rule does not apply to articles, short prepositions, or conjunctions unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle. The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers provides extensive examples covering a wide variety of potential sources in chapter six. If your particular case is not covered here, use the basic forms to determine the correct format, consult the MLA Handbook, visit the links in our additional resources section, talk to your instructor, or call the Writing Lab (7654943723) for help.BooksAuthor(s). Title of Book. Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication.Book with one authorHenley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. Denver: MacMurray, 1999. Two books by the same author (After the first listing of the author39。 names, or you may list all the authors in the order in which their names appear on the title page. Book with a corporate author American Allergy Association. Allergies in Children. New York: Random, 1998. Book or article with no author named Encyclopedia of Indiana. New York: Somerset, 1993. Cigarette Sales Fall 30% as California Tax Rises. New York Times 14 Sept. 1999: A17. For parenthetical citations of sources with no author named, use a shortened version of the title instead of an author39。s name. For individual essays from that collection, simply list the author39。Seeing39。s White Noise. Arizona Quarterly (1994): 12753. The Bible (specific editions)The New Jerusalem Bible. Susan Jones, gen. ed. New York: Doubleday, 1985. Basic Forms for Electronic Sources
The MLA Style Manual provides extensive examples of electronic source citations in chapter six。 include them if available. This format is also appropriate to online magazines。s an example:Smith, Martin. World Domination for Dummies. Journal of Despotry Feb. 2000: 6672. Expanded Academic ASAP. Gale Group Databases. Purdue University Libraries, West Lafayette, IN. 19 February 2003 . Article in a reference database on CDROMWorld War II. Encarta. CDROM. Seattle: Microsoft, 1999. Article from a periodically published database on CDROMReed, William. Whites and the Entertainment Industry. Tennessee Tribune 25 Dec. 1996: 28. Ethnic NewsWatch. CDROM. Data Technologies. Feb. 1997. Other Types of Sources
The MLA Style Manual provides extensive examples of other source citations in chapter six。 for a contrasting view, see Pyle. 2. occasional explanatory notes or other brief additional information that would seem digressive if included in the main text but might be interesting to readers, for example:3 In a 1998 interview, she reiterated this point even more strongly: I am an artist, not a politician! (Weller 124).
Footnotes in MLA format are indicated by consecutive superscript arabic numbers in the text. The notes themselves are listed by consecutive superscript arabic numbers and appear doublespaced in regular paragraph format (a new paragraph for each note) on a separate page under the word Notes (centered, in plain text without quotation marks).12