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大學(xué)生不良消費(fèi)行為的現(xiàn)狀及對(duì)策研究畢業(yè)論文-預(yù)覽頁

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【正文】 性新穎,他們在消費(fèi)過程中對(duì)那些能突出他們標(biāo)新立異,與眾不同的商品情有獨(dú)鐘。比如現(xiàn)在的大學(xué)生對(duì)于鋼筆、手表、MP3等早已不感興趣,名牌服裝,手提電腦,新款手機(jī)已經(jīng)成為大學(xué)生羨慕、向往的對(duì)象,各式各樣的時(shí)尚品牌充斥在校園的各個(gè)角落,把大學(xué)生卷入了一場夢幻消費(fèi)。有的學(xué)生家庭情況并不富裕,看到別人買筆記本電腦、高端手機(jī),自己也要有;別人過生日去飯店,自己也要去,而且去的飯店檔次更高。有些自卑的同學(xué)則希望通過這種方法得到更多的尊重和關(guān)注。而對(duì)于通過增加修養(yǎng)和學(xué)識(shí)來獲取別人的尊重卻不以為然。還有些家境不好的學(xué)生,生活費(fèi)不多,既不忍心向父母伸手要錢,又沒有能力賺錢,因不能像其他同學(xué)一樣消費(fèi)名牌而產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的自卑感,甚至出現(xiàn)各種各樣的心理或行為問題。所以有很多事情雖然沒有興趣去做,甚至是討厭去做,但也會(huì)強(qiáng)迫自己跟隨別的同學(xué)一起。隨群消費(fèi)主要可以分為主動(dòng)被動(dòng)隨群消費(fèi)兩種。由于如今的大學(xué)生都是8O后的新一代,小時(shí)候就是父母的掌上明珠,沉浸在長輩的溺愛當(dāng)中,沒有挨過餓,受過凍。295 大學(xué)生不良消費(fèi)行為的原因分析大學(xué)生的自身因素是造成不良消費(fèi)行為的主要原因,樹立正確的消費(fèi)觀首先要端正當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的價(jià)值觀,產(chǎn)生不健康的消費(fèi)觀的大學(xué)生在價(jià)值取向上可以說是不健康的。應(yīng)懂得大學(xué)生的主要目的是學(xué)習(xí),努力高自身的精神境界而不應(yīng)該局限于單純的物質(zhì)消費(fèi)。同時(shí)也要處理好理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)的關(guān)系,人都有趨利避害的本性,追求物質(zhì)無可厚非,只是過猶不及,不管現(xiàn)實(shí)以何種形式表現(xiàn)出物質(zhì)的貧乏,我們都應(yīng)正確面對(duì),而不能產(chǎn)生不健康的消費(fèi)觀,殊不知天將降大任于斯人業(yè),必先苦其心志,勞其筋骨,餓其體膚。作為青年群體中最活躍的大學(xué)生而言,他們對(duì)社會(huì)中的變化很敏感,會(huì)很快的接受新生事物,盲目的追趕潮流,因此這些錯(cuò)誤的社會(huì)消費(fèi)環(huán)境必定會(huì)對(duì)大學(xué)生產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。它可以把人們的地位和階級(jí)區(qū)分開來,形成不同的群體。馬斯洛的需求層次理論提出,大學(xué)生不僅有生理需要、安全需要、他們還有自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的需要。在中國的家庭中,傳統(tǒng)的關(guān)懷重心總是放在下一代的身上,因而家庭的消費(fèi)支出也更多地向年輕一代傾斜。正是這樣的養(yǎng)育方式讓許多學(xué)生在考上大學(xué)后基本沒有獨(dú)立生活的能力,他們對(duì)家庭的依賴一般都非常強(qiáng)。另外,不少家長平時(shí)很少與孩子進(jìn)行溝通, 子女不能很清楚的了解自己的家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)情況和消費(fèi)承受能力。另外,家庭中的其他因素也會(huì)對(duì)子女的消費(fèi)行為產(chǎn)生很大的影響,比如家庭成員的消費(fèi)行為、家庭消費(fèi)的文化環(huán)境和家長對(duì)子女的教育方式等。在學(xué)生生活?yuàn)蕵吩O(shè)施、校園文化環(huán)境、課程設(shè)置等很多方面已經(jīng)不能滿足當(dāng)前形勢發(fā)展的需要,這些都是滋生大學(xué)生不良消費(fèi)行為的溫床。往往表現(xiàn)在大學(xué)中只是開設(shè)了一些呆板的思想教育課程,對(duì)存在的貪圖享樂、奢侈浪費(fèi)等現(xiàn)象不聞不問,更不會(huì)對(duì)其進(jìn)行批評(píng)教育。6 大學(xué)生不良消費(fèi)行為的對(duì)策研究當(dāng)代大學(xué)生是一個(gè)特殊的消費(fèi)群體, 他們的消費(fèi)行為具有不確定性與不穩(wěn)定性。再有就是能夠采用合理的方式表達(dá)出自己的個(gè)性和特點(diǎn), 以一種更為積極的方法去獲取別人的尊重和認(rèn)可。大學(xué)生只有正視并樂觀的認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所處的消費(fèi)層次,將個(gè)人消費(fèi)需求與家庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)承受能力相結(jié)合,做到量入為出,才能有一個(gè)健康的消費(fèi)心理。家長應(yīng)多關(guān)注子女的消費(fèi)情況,及時(shí)糾正那些不正確的消費(fèi)行為,為子女提供自己的消費(fèi)意見作為參考,幫助子女形成健康的消費(fèi)觀念。通過理財(cái)教育,家庭一方面可以把理財(cái)意識(shí)教育作為一項(xiàng)教育內(nèi)容,對(duì)大學(xué)生加強(qiáng)指導(dǎo);另一方面可以在實(shí)際理財(cái)經(jīng)歷中鍛煉大學(xué)生的理財(cái)技能,使其獲得理財(cái)經(jīng)驗(yàn),最終使他們通過理財(cái)意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)和理財(cái)能力的培養(yǎng)做到合理消費(fèi)、開源節(jié)流,培養(yǎng)出健康的消費(fèi)心理。結(jié)合實(shí)際情況,注重教育引導(dǎo),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的消費(fèi)觀念,教育學(xué)生在消費(fèi)過程中形成好的消費(fèi)方式。三是在消費(fèi)時(shí)統(tǒng)籌安排、合理計(jì)劃,定期根據(jù)自己的不同需要,清算前一階段消費(fèi)計(jì)劃,制訂修改近期消費(fèi)打算,盡量做到消費(fèi)與收入基本持平。同時(shí)學(xué)校要豐富學(xué)生的業(yè)余生活,大力開展校園課外活動(dòng),要加強(qiáng)學(xué)生文化娛樂設(shè)施的建設(shè),為大學(xué)生提供足夠的活動(dòng)場所,把大學(xué)生的注意力引向健康的精神文化生活。同時(shí),加大執(zhí)法力度,取締學(xué)校周邊非法營業(yè)的黑網(wǎng)吧、游戲機(jī)室、棋牌室等一些毒害大學(xué)生的營業(yè)場所,對(duì)那些向青少年提供不健康消費(fèi)的經(jīng)營者堅(jiān)決懲處,為高校的文化建設(shè)營造健康向上的外界環(huán)境。7 結(jié)論大學(xué)生的消費(fèi)心理和消費(fèi)行為具有鮮明的時(shí)代特征。在改善外部環(huán)境的同時(shí),大學(xué)生應(yīng)加強(qiáng)自身修養(yǎng)的提高,自覺抵制不良消費(fèi)行為。李艷紅老師淵博的知識(shí),給了我很多好的意見和建議,激發(fā)了我的靈感,使我得以順利的完成該論文的寫作。 the psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment。 and how marketers can adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach the consumer.There are four main applications of consumer behavior:The most obvious is for marketing strategy, for making better marketing campaigns. For example, by understanding that consumers are more receptive to food advertising when they are hungry, we learn to schedule snack advertisements late in the afternoon. By understanding that new products are usually initially adopted by a few consumers and only spread later, and then only gradually, to the rest of the population, we learn that panies that introduce new products must be well financed so that they can stay afloat until their products bee a mercial success and it is important to please initial customers, since they will in turn influence many subsequent customers39。 In the auto market, for example, some consumers demand speed and performance, while others are much more concerned about roominess and safety. This may work when the product is a standard one where one petitor really can39。 In the concentrated strategy, one firm chooses to focus on one of several segments that exist while leaving other segments to petitors. These travelers—usually business travelers—pay high fares but can only fill the planes up partially. Thus, we need to determine which variables will be most useful in distinguishing different groups of consumers. Our choice should generally depend on several factors.Thirdly, do we have strengths as a pany that will help us appeal particularly to one group of consumers?s now offers gourmet food. One approach to identifying consumer product perceptions is multidimensional scaling. There are two main approaches to multidimensional scaling. In the similarity rating approach, respondents are not asked about their perceptions of brands on any specific dimensions.Perhaps, for example, your car is getting more difficult to start and is not accelerating well.The third step involves evaluation of alternatives. A skateboard is inexpensive, but may be illsuited for long distances and for rainy days.For example, a person may resume alternative identification during while evaluating already known alternatives.Consumer involvement will tend to vary dramatically depending on the type of product. To achieve this goal, we can use the MeansEnd chain, wherein we consider a logical progression of consequences of product use that eventually lead to desired end benefit.s family, which achieves the desired endstate of security. For certain low involvement products, it is very important that marketing programs achieve “top of mind” awareness. For high involvement products, consumers are more likely to use an external search. In some cases, consumers will be more motivated. Some people, for example, can taste the difference between generic and name brand foods while many cannot. Selective perception occurs when a person is paying attention only to information of interest.Consumers will tend to change their behavior through learning, they will avoid restaurants they have found to be crowded and will settle on brands that best meet their tastes.心理學(xué)認(rèn)為,如何了解消費(fèi)者的感覺,并選擇不同的替代品。在消費(fèi)知識(shí)能力的限制和市場營銷的影響下,消費(fèi)者購物時(shí)的行為或作出的營銷決策。例如,通過了解,使消費(fèi)者更容易接受食品廣告時(shí),他們餓了,我們學(xué)習(xí)安排在下午的零食廣告已晚。在20世紀(jì)80年代,維甲酸治療痤瘡是一個(gè)奇跡,Unfortunately, Accutane resulted in severe birth defects if taken by pregnant ,如果婦女懷孕時(shí)用維甲酸將導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的出生缺陷,雖然醫(yī)師警告了這個(gè)女病人,這個(gè)人還是懷孕了,而且服用此藥。最好的解決辦法是我們能使用戶停止非法毒品。As a final benefit, studying consumer behavior should make us better ,研究消費(fèi)者行為,會(huì)使消費(fèi)者更聰明。Consumer Research Methods市場細(xì)分,目標(biāo)和定位。 Segmentation involves finding out what kinds of consumers with different needs exist.在汽車市場,例如,一些消費(fèi)者的需求是速度和性能,而另一些更加關(guān)心寬敞和安全的問題。 This may work when the product is a standard one where one petitor really can39。 In the concentrated strategy, one firm chooses to focus on one of several segments that exist while leaving other segments to petitors. These travelers—usually business travelers—pay high fares but can only fill the p
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