【正文】 wer than all of these persons, acting either singly or with other persons. 在由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人共同代表的一個(gè)單位和這些人中的一個(gè)或部分多數(shù)之間可以締結(jié)合同，這些人可以單獨(dú)地或者同他人一起行事。是否享有部分締約能力以及是否就某一特定交易享有 締約能力取決于該交易的本質(zhì)或者其他一些情況。(b) an infant, or為成年人，或167。14. Infants未成年人Unless a statute provides otherwise , a natual person has the capacity to incur only voidable contractual duties until the beginning of the day before the person’s eighteenth birthday.除非法令另有規(guī)定，自然人在18 歲生日之前只具有創(chuàng)設(shè)可撤消合同義務(wù)的行為能力。(a) he is unable to understand in a reasonable manner the nature and consequences of the transaction, or他不能以正常方式理解此項(xiàng)交易的性質(zhì)以及會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果，或者在這種情況下，法院可以依公平正義之需判決給與當(dāng)事人救濟(jì)。Chapter 3 FORMATION OF CONTRACTSMUTUAL ASSENT第三章 合同的訂立——意思表示一致(2) Whether or not there is a bargain a contract may be formed under special rules applicable to formal contracts or under the rules stated in 167。8294 中的規(guī)則訂立，不管有沒(méi)有交易磋商。(2) The conduct of a party is not effective as a manifestation of his assent unless he intends to engage in the conduct and knows or has reason to know that the other party may infer from his conduct that he assents.一方當(dāng)事人以行為作出的意思表示是無(wú)效的，除非他有意實(shí)施這一行為，并且知道或有理由知道他方當(dāng)事人可以從他的行為中推斷出他有此締約意思。 or雙方當(dāng)事人任一方都不知道或沒(méi)有理由知道對(duì)方的意思表示所賦予的含義；或(2) The manifestations of the parties are operative in accordance with the meaning attached to them by one of the parties if一方當(dāng)事人可以依據(jù)該意思表示所指的含義執(zhí)行該意思表示，如果(b) that party has no reason to know of any different meaning attached by the other, and the other has reason to know the meaning attached by the first party.該當(dāng)事人沒(méi)有理由知道另一方當(dāng)事人所指的不同含義， 而另一方當(dāng)事人有理由知道第一方當(dāng)事人所指的含義。(2) A manifestation of mutual assent may be made even though neither offer nor acceptance can be identified and even though the moment of formation cannot be determined. 即使要約和承諾都無(wú)法被識(shí)別，并且合同成立的時(shí)間也無(wú)法確定，雙方當(dāng)事人也可以作出合意的意思表示。It is essential to a bargain that each party manifest assent with reference to the manifestation of the other.任何當(dāng)事人作出意思表示都應(yīng)參考對(duì)方的意思表示，這一點(diǎn)對(duì)交易磋商很重要。24. Offer Defined要約的定義An offer is the manifestation of willingness to enter into a bargain, so made a s to justify another person in understanding that his assent to that bargain is invited and will conclude it. 要約就是以交易磋商為目的而為意思表示，使得他人合理地認(rèn)為該意思表示被邀請(qǐng)并且該交易將要進(jìn)行。167。拍賣(mài)人向所有連續(xù)的出價(jià)人發(fā)出要約邀請(qǐng)，出價(jià)人可以承諾或拒絕；29. To Whom an Offer is Addressed要約所指向的對(duì)象(1) The manifested intention of the offeror determines the person or persons in whom is created a power of acceptance.要約人的意思表示決定了有權(quán)作出承諾的人。30. FORM OF ACCEPTANCE (1) An offer may invite or require acceptance to be made by an affirmative answer in words, or by performing or refraining from performing a specified act, or may empower the offeree to make a selection of terms in his acceptance.要約人可以要求承諾人通過(guò)給出書(shū)面的確定性答復(fù)、或者作為或不作為某一特定的行為來(lái)作出承諾，或者要約人可以授權(quán)受約人作出選擇性的承諾。167。167。33. Certainty確定性(1) Even though a manifestation of intention is intended to be understood as an offer, it cannot be accepted so as to form a contract unless the terms of the contract are reasonably certain.雖然意思表示作為一個(gè)要約意在使相對(duì)方理解，但是該意思表示不能被承諾以形成一個(gè)合同，除非合同的條款相當(dāng)確定。(3) The fact that one or more terms of a proposed bargain are left open or uncertain may show that a manifestation of intention is not intended to be understood as an offer or as an acceptance.如果一個(gè)被提議交易的一個(gè)或多個(gè)條款懸而未決、或者是不確定的，則表明作為要約或承諾的意思表示并不意在使相對(duì)方理解。 Effect of Performance or Reliance條款的選擇與確定性；義務(wù)履行或信賴的效力35. The Offeree’s Power of Acceptance受要約人的承諾能力(2) A contract cannot be created by acceptance of an offer after the power of acceptance has been terminated in one of the ways listed in 167。167。(b) lapse of time,or期間屆滿，或167。(2) A manifestation of intention not to accept an offer is a rejection unless the offeree manifests an intention to take it under further advisement.未作出承諾的意思表示也屬于對(duì)要約的拒絕，除非受要約人表示要作進(jìn)一步的考慮。167。41. Lapse of Time期間屆滿(1) An offeree39。44. 存款對(duì)要約撤回的效力如果撤回要約，則存款或其他要被沒(méi)收的財(cái)產(chǎn)并不會(huì)限制要約的撤回，但是該項(xiàng)存款可能要被沒(méi)收，只是這種沒(méi)收不屬于懲罰。45. Option Contract Created By Party Performance of Tender一方當(dāng)事人以履行義務(wù)締結(jié)選擇合同s duty of performance under any option contract so created is conditional on pletion or tender of the invited performance in accordance with the terms of the offer. 要約人在選擇權(quán)合同項(xiàng)下的義務(wù)是附隨性的，取決于被邀請(qǐng)義務(wù)是否依據(jù)要約條款被實(shí)現(xiàn)或被履行。48. Death or Incapacity of Offeror or Offeree要約人或受要約人死亡或喪失行為能力49. effect of Delay in Communication of Offer要約傳達(dá)過(guò)程中延遲的效力If munication of an offer to the offeree is delayed, the period within which a contract can be created by acceptance is not thereby extended if the offere d knows or has reason to know of the delay, though it is due to the fault of the offeror。50. Acceptance of Offer Defined。 167。(2) Except as stated in 167。(3) Where an offer of a promise invites acceptance by performance and does not invite a promissory acceptance, the rendering of the invited performance does not constitute an acceptance if before the offeror performs his promise t he offeree manifests an intention not to accept.如果一個(gè)允諾的要約要求通過(guò)履行義務(wù)來(lái)作出承諾，并不要求以允諾承諾 ， 則如果在要約人履行允諾之前，受要約人作出不予承諾的意思表示，則該義務(wù) 的履行并不構(gòu)成一個(gè)承諾。 Necessity of Notification to Offeror通過(guò)履行義務(wù)作出承諾；向要約人發(fā)出通知的必要性(a) the offeree exercises reasonable diligence to notify the offeror of acceptance, or 受要約人盡到合理勤勉就承諾的作出通知要約人，或167。56. Acceptance By Promise。69 節(jié)的規(guī)定或要約有相反的意思表示外，受要約人盡到合理的勤勉就承諾通知要約人或者要約人合理地收到承諾對(duì)于通過(guò)允諾而為的承諾而言至關(guān)重要。Where notification is essential to acceptance by promise, the offeror is not bound by an acceptance in equivocal terms unless he reasonably understands it as an acceptance.如果通過(guò)允諾而為的承諾要求發(fā)出通知，則模棱兩可作出的承諾對(duì)要約人并不具有約束力，除非要約人合理地認(rèn)為其屬于承諾。An acceptance must ply with the requirements of the offer is to the promise to be made or the performance to be rendered.承諾應(yīng)按照要約對(duì)允諾或義務(wù)履行的要求作出。s assent to terms additional to or different from those offered is not an acceptance but is a counteroffer.如果對(duì)一個(gè)旨在承諾的要約的回復(fù)，取決于要約人對(duì)附加條款的同意，或者該恢復(fù)與要約的內(nèi)容實(shí)質(zhì)上不符，則該回復(fù)并非承諾，而應(yīng)屬于反要約。If an offer prescribes the place, time or manner of acceptance its terms in this respect must be plied with in order to create a contract. If an offer merely suggest