【正文】 trance to professional 上海航宇裝飾： geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nieenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists ing together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to e together nationally in a different way. Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nieenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nieenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science. 21. The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _______. [AJ sociology and chemistry [B] physics and psychology [C] sociology and psychology [D] physics and chemistry 22. We can infer from the passage that _______. [A] there is little distinction between specialisation and professionalisation [B] amateurs can pete with professionals in some areas of science [C] professionals tend to wele amateurs into the scientific munity [D] amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones 23. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate ______. [A] the process of specialisation and professionalisation [B] the hardship of amateurs in scientific study [C] the change of policies in scientific publications [D] the discrimination of professionals against amateurs 24. The direct reason for specialisation is _______. [A] the development in munication [B] the growth of professionalisation [C] the expansion of scientific knowledge [D] the splitting up of academic societies Passage 2 A great deal of attention is being paid today to the socalled digital dividethe division of the world into the info (information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic. There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Inter bees more and more mercialized, it is in the interest of business 上海航宇裝飾： to universalize accessafter all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Inter access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the pla will he ted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Inter may well be the most powerful tool for bating world poverty that we’ ve ever had. Of course, the use of the Inter isn’ t the only way to defeat poverty. And the Inter is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential. To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anticolonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure（ the basic structural foundations of a society） in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’ t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’ s Second Wave infrastructureincluding roads, harbors, highways, ports and so onwere built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’ s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’ re going to be. That doesn39。A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and munication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers39。A wave is ______ [A] the greater customer demands. [B] a surplus supply for the market. [C] a growing productivity. [D] the increase of the world39。s, such as The Tightwad Gazette, that give hundreds of thousands of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their clingfilm to making their own soap。韋斯特案件發(fā)生后，政府、法院、媒體各方面對(duì)于 付款給證人的反應(yīng)。韋斯特案件的始末。 解答該題時(shí)，考生需要判斷空格前后部分 prominent cases和 The trial of Rosemary West之間的關(guān)系，前者泛指“一些著名的案件”，后者是一個(gè)具體的案件，即“對(duì)露絲瑪莉 for instance（或 for example）可表示“舉例”，但放在句中多為插入語， 且后面不可直接加賓語。過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu) involved in也是后置定語，用來修飾 people。 本題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)雖然都是動(dòng)名詞，但實(shí)際上考核的是能與 controls 搭配的中心動(dòng)詞。 知識(shí)點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充： 常與 control 構(gòu)成的搭配還有： gain/ take/lose/seize ～ of， have/hold ～ over, offer～， set up ～ 。 4. [A] illogical不符合邏輯的 [B] illegal非法的 [C] improbable 不大可能發(fā)生的 [D] improper不適當(dāng)?shù)模徽_的 [答案 ] B [解析 ] 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是： 上下文語義 + 形容詞詞義辨析 。從邏輯上講，政府和大法官的行為應(yīng)該是一致的。 5. [A] publicity公開，公諸于眾 [B] penalty處罰，罰款 [C] popularity 普遍，流行 [D] peculiarity特性，怪癖 [答案 ] A [解析 ] 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是： 邏輯語義搭配 。整個(gè)句子大意為：草案提議對(duì)報(bào)界付 款給證人的做法定為非法，并嚴(yán)格控制案件的公開程度。根據(jù)上下文邏輯推理，政府之所以要禁止報(bào)界付錢給案件的證人，是因?yàn)樾侣劷缫堰@些證人的觀點(diǎn)公諸于眾，這些觀點(diǎn)難免夾雜個(gè)人的因素，而司法要求的是公正，不能因?yàn)檫@些觀點(diǎn)影響案件的審理。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能與 with 搭配，關(guān)鍵是看哪個(gè)能與后面的賓語 a mittee report（委員會(huì)的報(bào)告）搭配。 例句補(bǔ)