【正文】 紋圖案復(fù)制在已涂上光敏材料的模具型腔表面上，經(jīng)過(guò)化學(xué)處理，模具型腔表面形成不被蝕刻部分的保護(hù)層，再根據(jù)模具材質(zhì)，選擇相應(yīng)蝕刻工藝，將花紋圖案蝕刻在模具內(nèi)表面上。這種制模技術(shù)工藝簡(jiǎn)單、成本低，制造周期非常短，型腔表面的成型僅需幾個(gè)小時(shí)，節(jié)省能源和金屬材料，一般型腔表面 僅 23mm厚，仿真性極強(qiáng)，花紋精度可達(dá)到 。在成型概念上以平面離散、堆積為指導(dǎo)，在控制上以計(jì)算機(jī)和數(shù)控為基礎(chǔ)，以最大柔性為總體目標(biāo)。 快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械加工相比，具有制模周期短、成本低、精度與壽命又能滿足生產(chǎn)上的使用要求，是綜合經(jīng)濟(jì)效益比較顯著的一類(lèi)制造模具的技術(shù)，概括起來(lái)，有以下幾種類(lèi)別。 1 譯文： 現(xiàn)代快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制造模具技術(shù) 隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，新的技術(shù)革命不斷取得新的進(jìn)展和突破，技術(shù)的飛躍 發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要因素。計(jì)算機(jī)、激光、電子、新材料、新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，使得快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)如虎添翼，應(yīng)用范圍不斷擴(kuò)大，類(lèi)型不斷增多，創(chuàng)造的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益越來(lái)越顯著。 RPM 是電腦、激光、光學(xué)掃描、先進(jìn)的新型材料、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì) (CAD)、計(jì)算機(jī)輔助加工 (CAM)、數(shù)控 (CNC)綜合應(yīng)用的高新技術(shù)。 電弧噴涂成型制模技術(shù) 電弧噴涂成型技術(shù)的原理是：利用 2根通電的金屬絲之間產(chǎn)生電弧的熱量將金屬絲熔化，依靠高壓氣體將其充分霧化，并給予一定的動(dòng)能，高速?lài)娚湓跇幽１砻妫瑢訉予偳?，形成一金屬殼體，即型腔的內(nèi)表面，再用充填基體材料 (一般為金屬粉粒與樹(shù)脂的復(fù)合材料 )加以支撐加固，提高其強(qiáng)度和剛性，連同金屬模架組合成模具。該技術(shù)主要特點(diǎn)是節(jié)省材料、模 具制造周期短，電鑄層硬度可達(dá) 40HRC，提高了耐磨性和壽命，粗糙度、尺寸精度與樣模完全一致，適用于注射、吸塑、吹塑、搪塑、膠木模、玻璃模、壓鑄模等模具型腔及電火花成型電極的制造。 4擠壓成型技術(shù) 利用鈹銅合金的良好的導(dǎo)熱性和穩(wěn)定性，經(jīng)固熔時(shí)效處理后，采用冷擠壓制造模具凹模型腔。 5無(wú)模多點(diǎn)成形技術(shù) 無(wú)模多點(diǎn)快速成形技術(shù)是以 CAD/CAM/CAT技術(shù)為主要手段，利用計(jì)算機(jī)控制高度可調(diào)基本體群形成上下成形面，代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)模具對(duì)板料進(jìn)行三維曲面成形的又一現(xiàn)代先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)?？蛇m合各種黑色和有色金屬的 厚的板料加工。 8其它方面技術(shù) 為了簡(jiǎn)化模具的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，降低模具成本，縮短模具制造周期，在國(guó)內(nèi)外也先后出現(xiàn)了一些其它方面新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，如快換模架、沖壓?jiǎn)卧?、刃口堆焊、鑲塊鑄造、氮?dú)鈴椈傻?。目前發(fā)達(dá)工業(yè)國(guó)家的一些大公司換模速度達(dá)到了驚人的程度，是否具有快速換模技 3 術(shù)已成為企業(yè)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的一項(xiàng)標(biāo)志。它可以用來(lái)加工板料或型材的沖孔、落料、切角、切槽、切斷及淺拉伸等。 快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)種類(lèi)很多，其所具有的特點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用范圍各不相同，本文僅能概括地做一些簡(jiǎn)單介紹，每種技術(shù)在具體應(yīng)用和實(shí)施過(guò)程中尚 有許多具體的工藝過(guò)程、工藝參數(shù)及其技術(shù)特性。各種快速經(jīng)濟(jì)制模技術(shù)在推廣應(yīng)用過(guò)程中也會(huì)不斷完善成熟和發(fā)展，由于高新技術(shù)的發(fā)展，各種技術(shù)的復(fù)合與滲透，為適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)中的不同需求，今后必定會(huì)形成一些新型、節(jié)約能源、節(jié)約材料的快速制模技術(shù)。, may suit each kind of black and the nonferrous metal thick sheet processing generally. The life may achieve 525 ten thousand, the production cost is low. 7 molds semifinished materials fast manufacture technology solid casting Because the massive molds are belong to the single unit or the production, the mold semifinished materials manufacture quality and the cycle and the cost to the final mold quality and cyclical and the cost influence are very important. The modern mold semifinished materials widely have used the seeds casting technology, the socalled solid casting is (polystyrene PS either polymethacrylate PMMA) manufactures using the foam plastics replaces traditional the wooden mold or the metal pattern, after the modelling does not have to take out the model, then may the casting, under the foam plastics model high temperature liquid metal function, deflagrate the gasification but to vanish, the molten metal substitution original foam plastics model holds the position, after the condensation forms the casting. 8 other aspects technologies in order to simplify the mold the structural design, reduces the mold cost, reduces the mold manufacture cycle, in domestic and foreign also successively appeared some other aspects new technology application, like trades the mold frame, the ramming unit, the cutting edge builtup welding quickly, inlays the block casting, the nitrogen spring and so on. nitrogen springs on mold application The nitrogen spring is one kind of new elastic function part, replaces the spring, the rubber, the polyurethane or the air cushion with it side, it can accurately provide presses the strength, then may have the greatly initial ball pressure in the small space, does not need pre tightly, is basically hit the pressure basically in the mold entire work process to be constant. The ball pressure size and the working point position may, accurate, conveniently adjust as necessary, simplifies the mold to stretch, nearby the pressure, exdenning isostructuralism, simplifies the mold design, reduces the pattern making cycle, debugs the mold to be convenient, reduces the replacement mold time, enhances the production efficiency. fast trades the mold technology Because product variety increasing, causes the mold in the production the transmutation extremely frequently, how thereupon reduces the ramming equipment the down time, enhances the production efficiency, fast traded the mold technology to receive people39