【正文】 he application have made great strides, but in the following still needs further improvement and development [45]: (1) mathematical models, numerical algorithms to gradually improve the Injection Molding CAE technology, practicality, depending on the accuracy of the mathematical model and numerical algorithm accuracy. The current mercial simulation software models do not fully consider the physical quantities in the thickness direction of the impact of the software in order to further improve the analysis accuracy and scope to further improve the existing mathematical models and algorithms. (2) the whole process of injection molding simulation At present, the injection molding simulation software are mainly filling, flow, packing, cooling, stress and strain and warpage analysis modules, each module was developed based on independent mathematical models, these models has been simplified to a large extent, ignored of the mutual effects. However, in view of injection molding process, plastic melt filling, flow, packing and cooling are intertwined and affect each other and, therefore, filling, flow, packing and cooling analysis module must be organically bined to carry out coupling analysis, in order to prehe nsively reflect the real situation of injection molding. (3) optimization theory and algorithms, so that CAE technology active to optimize the design Artificial intelligence technologies, such as expert systems and neural works on the design calculations, so that simulation can wisdom to choose the injection molding process parameters, product size and cooling to fix the piping layout programs to reduce manual intervention in the program. (4) a new method of injection molding simulation analysis of the current In the conventional injection molding technology, based on and the development of a number of new injection molding methods, such as gasassisted injection, thin wall injection molding, reaction injection and coinjection . However, no specific methods for these molding simulation software, so untapped. (5) injection mold CAD / CAE / CAM integrated and workbased The current mercial injection molding CAE software and CAD, CAM software, data transfer between the mainly rely on the file conversion, which easily lead to data loss and errors. Therefore, in design and manufacturing process to take a single model, the establishment of injection mold CAD / CAE / CAM system, a unified database to strengthen the linkages between the three directions of future development. In order to meet the development requirements of emerce, this integrated system will achieve different places of the Collaborative Design and virtual manufacturing. 8 Conclusion Despite the adoption of a large number of practice has proved, in the plastic mold industry, the introduction of CAE technology, greatly reducing the mold design and manufacturing cycle and improve the life of the mold and manufacturing precision. At the same time, CAE technologies has also made from the traditional injection mold design experience and skills onto the road of scientific, to a certain extent, changed the injection mold of traditional production methods, but there is no substitute for CAE technology and people39。傳統(tǒng)的注塑模具設(shè)計(jì)主要依靠設(shè)計(jì)人員的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而注塑成型過(guò)程非常復(fù)雜，塑料熔體的流動(dòng)性能千差萬(wàn)別，制品和模具的結(jié)構(gòu)千變?nèi)f化，工藝條件各不相同，成型缺陷各式各樣，模具設(shè)計(jì)往往需要反復(fù)的試模、修模才能投入生產(chǎn)，很少有一次成功的，發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題后，不僅要重新調(diào)整工藝參數(shù)，甚至要修改塑料制品和模具，不但費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力，而且降低了產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)速度。在合理的簡(jiǎn)化基礎(chǔ)上， 60 年代完成了一維流動(dòng)與冷卻分析程序， 70 年代完成了二維冷卻分析程序， 80 年代注塑模 CAE技術(shù)開(kāi)始從理論研究進(jìn)入實(shí)用化階段，開(kāi)展了三維流動(dòng)與冷卻分析并把研究擴(kuò)展到保壓、纖維分子取向以及翹曲預(yù)測(cè)等領(lǐng)域。從中可以看出利用傳統(tǒng)方法設(shè)計(jì)注塑模具，設(shè)計(jì)成功與否將很大程度上依賴設(shè)計(jì)者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而且對(duì)復(fù)雜零件澆口位置的合理與否，排氣槽位置的設(shè)置、熔接線位置的確定等都十分困難。 所以注塑模 CAE 軟件的作用主要表現(xiàn)為： （ 1）優(yōu)化塑料制品設(shè)計(jì) 塑料的壁厚、澆口的數(shù)量及位置、流道系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)等對(duì)于塑料制品的質(zhì)量有重大影響。 （ 3）優(yōu)化注射工藝參數(shù) 對(duì)注射過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬，發(fā)現(xiàn)可能出現(xiàn)的成型缺陷，確定最佳的注 射壓力、鎖模力、模具溫度、熔體溫度、注射時(shí)間和冷卻時(shí)間等。至 2020 年， Moldflow 軟件在全球注塑模 CAE 市場(chǎng)的占有率達(dá) 75%。 Moldflow 的 Midplane 分析技術(shù) Midplane（中面流）的應(yīng)用始于 20 世紀(jì) 80 年代。 基于中面流技術(shù)的注塑流動(dòng)模擬軟件應(yīng)用的時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)、范圍也最廣。如不能描述慣性效應(yīng)、重力效應(yīng)對(duì)熔體流動(dòng)的影響，不能預(yù)測(cè)噴射現(xiàn)象、熔體前沿的泉涌現(xiàn)象等。網(wǎng)格也是三角形單元，而其原理是將模具型腔或制品在厚度方向上分成兩部分，有限元網(wǎng)格在型腔或制品的表面產(chǎn)生。因此，基于雙面流技術(shù)的模擬軟件問(wèn)世時(shí)間雖然只有短短 數(shù)年，但在全世界卻擁有了龐大的用戶群，得到了廣大用戶的支持和好評(píng)。 (3) 熔體僅沿著上、下表面流動(dòng)，在厚度方向上未作任何處理，缺乏真實(shí)感。并采用全新的 3D 立體顯示技術(shù)，可快速清楚地顯示出模型內(nèi)、外部的流動(dòng)場(chǎng)、溫度場(chǎng)、應(yīng)力場(chǎng)和速度場(chǎng)等分析結(jié)果。 注塑模發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 注塑模 CAE 技術(shù)不論從理論上還是在應(yīng)用上都取得了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步，但在以下幾 個(gè)方面仍有待于進(jìn)一步完善和發(fā)展 [45]： （ 1）數(shù)學(xué)模型、數(shù)值算法逐步完善 注塑模 CAE 技術(shù)的實(shí)用性，取決于數(shù)學(xué)模型的準(zhǔn)確性及數(shù)值算法的精確性。 （ 3）優(yōu)化理論及算法，使 CAE技術(shù)“主動(dòng)”地優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 將人工智能技術(shù)，如專家系統(tǒng)和神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等加入設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算中，使模擬程序能 “ 智慧 ” 地選擇注塑工藝參數(shù)、提供修正制品尺寸和冷卻管道布置方案，減少人工對(duì)程序的干涉。因此在設(shè)計(jì)制造過(guò)程中采取單一模型，建立注塑模 CAD/CAE/CAM 系統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)一數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，加強(qiáng)三者之間的聯(lián)系是今后的發(fā)展方向之一。