比例積分微分控制器外文翻譯-預(yù)覽頁(yè)
【正文】 l。 the Proportional, the Integral and Derivative values. The Proportional value determines the reaction to the current error, the Integral determines the reaction based on the sum of recent errors and the Derivative determines the reaction to the rate at which the error has been changing. The weightedsum of these three actions is used to adjust the process via a control element such as the position of a control valve or the power supply of a heating tuning the three constants in the PID controller algorithm the PID can provide control action designed for specific process requirements. The response of the controller can be described in terms of the responsiveness of the controller to an error, the degree to which the controller overshoots the setpoint and the degree of system oscillation. Note that the use of the PID algorithm for control does not guarantee optimal control of the system or system stability. Some applications may require using only one or two modes to provide the appropriate system control. This is achieved by setting the gain of undesired control outputs to zero. A PID controller will be called a PI, PD, P or I controller in the absence of the respective control actions. PI controllers are particularly mon, since derivative action is very sensitive to measurement noise, and the absence of an integral value may prevent the system from reaching its target value due to the control action. Note: Due to the diversity of the field of control theory and application, many naming conventions for the relevant variables are in mon use. loop basics A familiar example of a control loop is the action taken to keep one39。 the Fuzzy Adaptive PID Controller。比例控制是對(duì)當(dāng)前偏差的反應(yīng)，積分控制是基于新近錯(cuò)誤總數(shù)的反應(yīng)，而微分控制則是基于錯(cuò)誤變化率的反應(yīng)。注意一點(diǎn)的是， PID算法不一定就是系統(tǒng)或系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性的最佳控制。 PI 調(diào)節(jié)器很普遍，因?yàn)槲⒎挚刂茖?duì)測(cè)量噪音非常敏感。人可以憑觸覺(jué)估測(cè)水的溫度。期望得到的溫度稱為給定值。首次估計(jì)即是 PID 控制器的比例度的確定。如果控制器反復(fù)進(jìn)行大的變動(dòng)并且反復(fù)越過(guò)給定值的改變，控制環(huán)將會(huì)不穩(wěn)定。 如果控制器在零偏差從穩(wěn)定開始，然后進(jìn)一步的變化將導(dǎo)致其它一些影響過(guò)程的能測(cè)量、不能測(cè)量值的變化，并且作用于偏差值上?？刂破?在工業(yè)中被用來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)溫度，壓力，流速，化學(xué)組成，速度以及其它任何存在可測(cè)量的對(duì)象。當(dāng)單獨(dú)使用并且必須降低 PID 環(huán)路增益時(shí)， PID 控制器會(huì)給出劣質(zhì)的控制性能。關(guān)于系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)，可以用前饋和 PID 輸出來(lái)改進(jìn)總的系統(tǒng) 性能。 例如，在大多數(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中，為了在控制一機(jī)械負(fù)荷，需要更多的來(lái)自電動(dòng)機(jī)、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)或作動(dòng)器的力量或者力矩。 面臨 PID 控制器的另一個(gè)問(wèn)題是他們是在線的。但利用傳統(tǒng)的 PID 控制器和模糊控制器結(jié)合形成的模糊自適應(yīng) 的 PID 控制器可以彌補(bǔ)其缺陷；它將系統(tǒng)對(duì)應(yīng)的誤差和誤差變化率反饋給模糊控制器進(jìn)而確定相關(guān)參數(shù)，保證系統(tǒng)工作在最佳狀態(tài)，實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)良的控制效果。 模糊控制
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