【正文】 ooked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for 。swimming swim。第三篇：非謂語動詞非謂語動詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí) ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great been policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the find boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands 。Having had my supper, I went out for a ，我出去散步了。Seeing the teacher is ing, the students stopped ，學(xué)生們停下來不玩了。not + 分詞Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to ，她停下來等著。I have my hair 。分詞和動名詞都可以作定語，判斷是分詞還是動名詞，可以根據(jù)它們和被修飾詞有無邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系來判斷，有主謂關(guān)系的是分詞，否則判斷為動名詞。而過去分詞的形式則在動詞后面加 ，狀語或表語。s stop to have a 。I like promised to help love watching )remember, forget, regret后面跟動名詞時(shí)，動名詞表示過去的動作，后面跟不定式時(shí)，不定式表示將來的動作。能跟動名詞的動詞有：avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can39。We considered not doing it 。s no use waiting here, let39。There are much work to be 。s necessary for us to help each 。t know when to 。s unfair not to tell 。：We went to the hospital to see our 。 ：What I should do is to finish the task 。s necessary to find the 。s my pleasure to help ，而用 it 作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。s too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的邏輯主語）非謂語動詞仍有語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。（do 用原形）非謂語動詞的特征：如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面須跟賓語。Climbing mountain is a good exercise.(Climbing..., 動名詞起名詞作用）Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing..分詞起形容詞作用）He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch...不定式起副詞作用)謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區(qū)別：1)謂語動詞在句中可單獨(dú)作謂語，而非謂語動詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語。例如：I can do nothing but go there ，我別無選擇。例如：You will make it if you try(to).如果你努力，你會成功的。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動作的承受者時(shí)，不定式一般要用被動形式。注意一定是它們的過去時(shí)。I saw him go out.(2)進(jìn)行式(to be+現(xiàn)在分詞)：表示主句謂語的動作發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式動作正在進(jìn)行。如：It’s reported that an explosion has happened and it’s known that three have been killed.(七)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)。He feels proud to be on the school football team.(3)不定式做結(jié)果狀語只限于下面幾個(gè)詞：learn得知，find 發(fā)現(xiàn)，see 看見，hear 聽見，to be told被告知，make 使得 等。例如:To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a ，有時(shí)說明產(chǎn)生這種情緒的原因，有時(shí)不是說明原因，而是和形容詞一起說明主語的情況。例如：To be frank(with you), this is not (和你)說，這不令人滿意。(1)表示目的。The salesman told him which switch to turn on first.(4)做定語。I’ve found out where to buy them 。How to be wealthy, healthy and happy will always remain a question mark.(2)做表語。To do everything is to do 。(四)作表語。如ability →be able to, refusal →refuse to 等。We demanded that they give us a definite (三)作定語。Do you consider it right to send our doctors over?注意：hope希望，demand要求，suggest建議，這三個(gè)詞不能跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)。有些動詞要求省掉to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語。在had better(最好)，would rather(寧愿)，would sooner(寧愿)，would(just)as soon(寧愿)，cannot but(不能不，不由得不)，cannot help but(不能不，不由得不)等成語后面也跟不帶to的不定式：He would rather listen to others than talk than和sooner than同義，都是“寧可”，“與其…(不如)”，“不是…(而是)”的意思。I heard the dog e 。這樣的動詞有：feel覺得，have使，hear聽見，help幫助，let讓，listen to 聽，look at看，make使，notice 注意，see看見，observe 觀察，watch觀看 等，一類是感官動詞，一類是使役動詞。常跟這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動詞有：ask詢問，advise建議，consider考慮，decide決定，discover發(fā)現(xiàn)，discuss討論，explain解釋，find out查明，forget忘記，inquire打聽，know知道，learn學(xué)會，remember記得，show演示，tell告訴，teach教，think想，understand懂得，wonder想知道，等等。而“for sb to do sth”這一結(jié)構(gòu)更強(qiáng)調(diào)做某事如何如何(二)作賓語及賓語補(bǔ)語。如：To die like that is a terrible thing.=It is a terrible thing to die like ’ll be a great shame for you to forget ，那可太不應(yīng)該了。在不定式短語作主語的句子中，往往用 it 作形式主語，而不把不定式短語放在句子的后面?！癐t is + 形容詞 +of sb + to do sth”這樣的句型更強(qiáng)調(diào)某人如何如何。不定式可以和how, which, what, who, whom, whose, when, where還有whether等詞連用作賓語。Tony knew his girl friend to be a shy college 、有些動詞要求省掉to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語。在被動語態(tài)中，上述動詞后面的不定式要把省去的to還原。=She was seen to go out by 。The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase ，而不是增加工資。例如：I think it best to 。I advise you not to take him 。與這些詞相對應(yīng)的形容詞或動詞常接動詞不定式。He’s a not a man to tell 。To criticize others is to make 。It’s problem what to 。The question is which of the methods to adopt.(3)作賓語，常用這一結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動詞有ask, consider, decide discuss, explain, forget, find out, guess, inquire, know, learn, remember, see(=understand), show, settle(=decide), tell(=know), think, understand, wonder等。如：I showed her how to use the remote 。位置一般在句尾或句首。In order to improve my English, I read China Daily every ，作獨(dú)立成分。(2)表示原因。You’re lucky to have me as your ，你們很幸運(yùn)。這一結(jié)構(gòu)可變成“It’s said, It’s reported,…”(見被動語態(tài)部分)。例如：We’re happy to have you on our 。動詞不定式的完成式和下列動詞的過去時(shí)連用，表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情：plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean, wish, 等。例如：The game were to have taken place in RoomHe planned to have gone abroad last week.(八)不定式的被動語態(tài)。(九)為了避免重復(fù)，不定式可省略，但to有時(shí)保留，有時(shí)不保留。例如:I intend to call on him and discuss this question had nothing to do except(to)look at the posters outside the ，取決于but前面的句子里含不含do，只要有與do/did有關(guān)的詞(do作謂語，to do作定語等等)，but后面的不定式就省掉to。動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞，分詞，動詞不定式。Mike likes the pop music.（動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式）Lucy has nothing to do today。Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是 working 的狀語）It39。：To mast a language is not an easy teach English is my 39。It39。Please ask him to e here 。I have something important to tell 。It3