【正文】 oolish 愚蠢的，fortunate 幸運(yùn)的，free自由的，frightened感到害怕的，glad高興的，good好的，happy幸福的，hard艱苦的，lucky 幸運(yùn)的，overjoyed 高興的，pleased高興的，possible 可能的，proud 自豪的，ready 準(zhǔn)備好的，relieved 感到輕松的，right正確的，sad悲傷的，shocked感到驚訝的，sorry難過的，sure 肯定的，surprised感到驚訝的，unable沒能力的，useless沒用的，willing 愿意的，worthy 值得的，wrong 錯(cuò)誤的等。Do you remember when to switch off the machine?有些雙賓語及物動(dòng)詞，也可用這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)做直接賓語。作定語時(shí)不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。當(dāng)它們放在句首時(shí)，其后跟不帶to的不定式。有些及物動(dòng)詞常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有：afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起，agree同意，arrange安排，ask要求，attempt試圖，beg乞求，begin開始，choose選擇，claim聲稱，consent同意，dare敢，decide決定，decline謝絕，desire欲想，demand要求，determine決心，expect期待，fail失敗，forget忘記，hate討厭，help幫助，hope希望，intend打算，learn學(xué)習(xí)，like喜歡，long渴望，manage設(shè)法，mean打算，need需要，offer主動(dòng)提出，plan計(jì)劃，prefer更喜歡，prepare準(zhǔn)備，pretend假裝，promise答應(yīng)，refuse拒絕，remember記得，seek尋求，seem好像，tend傾向，threaten威脅，undertake承擔(dān)，volunteer志愿，want想要，wish希望等。在其它位置時(shí)其后的不定式可帶也可不帶to:Sooner than marry that man, she would earn her living as a decided to write rather than ，不打電話。There is not any one to save 。常用的有tell, inform, show, advise, ask, teach,等。He’ll be angry to hear these 。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示“本打算/想/計(jì)劃…”的意思。（teaches 動(dòng)詞作謂語） came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk....不定式作狀語）2)謂語動(dòng)詞受主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制，而非謂語動(dòng)詞形式?jīng)]有這種限制。We expect you to be with 。注意：邏輯主語用賓格形式，for 本身無實(shí)際意義，它只表明后面的主語從邏輯上分析是不定式的主語。）His being looked down upon made him can39。s an interesting girl singing for us is ten years ，如果是分詞詞組則放在被修飾的名詞之后，如被修飾的名詞是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分詞放在被修飾名詞的后面。分詞的完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞的前面發(fā)生。hidden。The developing countries The developed countries1．作表語：The story is very am interested in film is were moved by the ．作定語：It is an interesting must learn from the working boy singing on the stage is my is a book written by a famous ．作賓語補(bǔ)足語：(see, hear, feel, notice, watch, 分詞說明動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；不定式說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過程。to plete out。Having had my supper, I went out for a ，我出去散步了。分詞和動(dòng)名詞都可以作定語，判斷是分詞還是動(dòng)名詞，可以根據(jù)它們和被修飾詞有無邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系來判斷，有主謂關(guān)系的是分詞，否則判斷為動(dòng)名詞。能跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有：avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can39。s necessary for us to help each 。 ：What I should do is to finish the task 。（do 用原形）非謂語動(dòng)詞的特征：如果非謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，后面須跟賓語。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。He feels proud to be on the school football team.(3)不定式做結(jié)果狀語只限于下面幾個(gè)詞：learn得知，find 發(fā)現(xiàn)，see 看見，hear 聽見，to be told被告知，make 使得 等。The salesman told him which switch to turn on first.(4)做定語。(四)作表語。有些動(dòng)詞要求省掉to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語。常跟這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：ask詢問，advise建議，consider考慮，decide決定，discover發(fā)現(xiàn)，discuss討論，explain解釋，find out查明，forget忘記，inquire打聽，know知道，learn學(xué)會(huì)，remember記得，show演示，tell告訴，teach教，think想，understand懂得，wonder想知道，等等?！癐t is + 形容詞 +of sb + to do sth”這樣的句型更強(qiáng)調(diào)某人如何如何。=She was seen to go out by 。與這些詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞或動(dòng)詞常接動(dòng)詞不定式。The question is which of the methods to adopt.(3)作賓語，常用這一結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動(dòng)詞有ask, consider, decide discuss, explain, forget, find out, guess, inquire, know, learn, remember, see(=understand), show, settle(=decide), tell(=know), think, understand, wonder等。(2)表示原因。動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式和下列動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)連用，表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情：plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean, wish, 等。動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式分為動(dòng)名詞，分詞，動(dòng)詞不定式。It39。I don39。s job is looking after the is )動(dòng)名詞作賓語有些動(dòng)詞須用動(dòng)名詞來作賓語,它們是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, stop smoking in the like reading in the you mind my opening the windows?4）動(dòng)名詞作定語She is studying in the reading slept in the sleeping bag.（動(dòng)名詞的否定形式：not + 動(dòng)名詞He pretend not knowing it at 。workingworkedwashingwashed分詞可分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種，現(xiàn)在分詞的形式同動(dòng)名詞一樣，在動(dòng)詞后面加 ing。分詞的時(shí)態(tài) 分詞的一般時(shí)表示動(dòng)作同謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或之前發(fā)生。 search。They are working hard to win still greater sick man came in, supported by two ．不定式：1．作主語（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主語）To learn a foreign language is not is not easy(for me)to learn a foreign ．作表語My job is to look after the I would like you to do is to keep silent about ．作賓語He offered to go with want to see considered it his duty to support his （在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notice等感官動(dòng)詞以及l(fā)et, make,have等動(dòng)詞后面，作賓補(bǔ)的不定式 to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the heard him sing a pop song in the meeting was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting ．作定語Do you have anything to eat in your bag? He is always the first to e and the last to ．作狀語In order to save the the child, he dived into the are overjoyed to see ．不定式的邏輯主語：I found it impossible for him to do the job ．連接詞+不定式He will tell me how to use the to get the book is what I want to didn’t tell us where to go and when to set ．不定式的否定形式They decided not to give up ．不定式的時(shí)態(tài)We are happy to be with you on this is sure to succeed in the ’m sorry to be troubling you at such a ’m glad to be working with ’m sorry to have kept you enemy was reported to have surrendered two days ． 不定式的語態(tài)This book is said to have been translated into many is an honour for me to be asked to speak ．動(dòng)名詞：1．作主語Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no use It is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so French is easier than speaking ．作表語My hobby is collecting great pleasure is learning ．作賓語（下列動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret,