【正文】 OPC是基于 FPGA解決方案的 SOC，是 SOC發(fā)展的新階段。巨大的市場(chǎng)的需求決定了開(kāi)發(fā) SOC的必要性，現(xiàn)在數(shù)字家電的片上系統(tǒng)研究己經(jīng)成為研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。 附錄 ............................................................................................................................... 30 山東大學(xué)威海分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 1 第 1 章 緒論 背景 隨著數(shù)字通信和工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域的高速發(fā)展，超大規(guī)模集成電路的集成度和工藝水平不斷提高，要求專用集成電路 (ASIC)的功能越來(lái)越強(qiáng)，功耗越來(lái)越低，生產(chǎn)周期越來(lái)越短，這些都對(duì)芯片設(shè)計(jì)提出了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，傳統(tǒng)的芯片設(shè)計(jì)方法已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)復(fù)雜的應(yīng)用需求了，將整個(gè)應(yīng)用電子系統(tǒng)集成在一個(gè)芯片中 (SOC)， 已成為現(xiàn)代電子系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的趨勢(shì)。基于 FPGA 的微處理器設(shè)計(jì) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 設(shè)計(jì) (論文 )題目 基于 FPGA的微處理器設(shè)計(jì) ABSTRACT II 摘 要 本文使用結(jié)構(gòu)化編程方法，將 微處理器 內(nèi)核按照功能劃分為不同的模塊，采用 VHDL語(yǔ)言設(shè)計(jì)每一個(gè)模塊的內(nèi)部功能和外圍接口， 設(shè)計(jì) 實(shí)現(xiàn)了 一種基于 FPGA芯片的微處理器系統(tǒng)。 關(guān) 鍵 字： FPGA，微處理器， VHDL ABSTRACT III ABSTRACT A microprocessor on FPGA is realized by using structured programming. This microprocessor core is divided into several different function modules which are designed using VHDL. The microprocessor consists of controller, arithmetic unit and registers. It realizes the instruction control, operation control, time sequence control and data processing functions. The direct addressing mode is adopted. The various operations for 4bit operand can be achieved. Its instruction length is 16 bit. The design is simulated by using QUARTUSII, and the results show that the main functions of a microprocessor are achieved. Key Words: FPGA, CPU, VHDL 目錄 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... III 第 1 章 緒論 .................................................................................................................... 1 背景 ................................................................................................................... 1 微處理器的概況 .................................................................................................. 1 課題研究方法及技術(shù)背景 .................................................................................... 1 研究方法 ................................................................................................... 1 技術(shù)背景 ................................................................................................... 2 課題工作內(nèi)容 ..................................................................................................... 3 第二章 微處理器體系結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................................... 4 CPU 的功能和構(gòu)成 ............................................................................................... 4 指令系統(tǒng)分析 ..................................................................................................... 5 RISC 與總線結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................................................ 5 指令系統(tǒng) ................................................................................................... 6 指令時(shí)序分析 ..................................................................................................... 8 RISC 與流水線 ........................................................................................... 8 程序計(jì)數(shù)器與流水線 ................................................................................. 8 CPU 整體結(jié)構(gòu)即設(shè)計(jì)思想 ..................................................................................... 9 CPU 的外部引腳規(guī)劃 ................................................................................. 9 CPU 的整體框圖 ....................................................................................... 10 CPU 結(jié)構(gòu)的層次劃分 ................................................................................ 11 第三章 CPU 數(shù)據(jù)通路設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................. 12 程序計(jì)數(shù)器模塊 PC ........................................................................................... 12 程序存儲(chǔ)器 PC_RAM.......................................................................................... 13 指令寄存器模塊 ................................................................................................ 14 時(shí)鐘發(fā) 生器模塊 ................................................................................................ 14 寄存器堆 TRAM ................................................................................................. 15 ALU 模塊 ............................................................................................................ 16 第四章 CPU 控制單元的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 18 控制器 Control 模塊 ........................................................................................... 18 有限狀態(tài)機(jī) FSM 模塊 ........................................................................................ 19 有限狀態(tài)機(jī) ............................................................................................. 19 利用的 VHDL 語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行狀態(tài)機(jī)描述 ........................................................... 19 第五章 RISC CPU 的仿真驗(yàn)證 .......................................................................................... 21 各模塊的組合 ................................................................................................... 21 綜合 RTL 電路圖 ................................................................................................ 21 RISCCPU 的功能仿真驗(yàn)證 .................................................................................... 24 算術(shù)運(yùn)算類指令驗(yàn)證 ............................................................................... 24 邏輯運(yùn)算類指令驗(yàn)證 ............................................................................... 25 移位類指令驗(yàn)證 ...................................................................................... 25 LD 數(shù)據(jù)輸出指令仿真 ............................................................................... 26 ST 運(yùn)算數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)仿真 ........................................