【正文】 sten to the conversation, with the book closed, and transcribe it. You can use Key B to check your transcription. Suggestion 3. When you have listened to the conversation, (and followed suggestion 1 or 2). practise saying the conversation. Record yourself, and pare your version with the one on the cassette. A: I39。m sure, but it doesn39。t been done since I moved in.B: What colour is it? A: It39。st230。kwe?nt ?nts ................7. f|ort, C~ 39。tra? ?mf 39。b??l n?sand less monly in bd, gd, d?d, vd, 240。we?k ?nEXERCISE 24AIM: To understand the marking of elision in the dictionary.The dictionary entries below show that elision may take place in these words. Look at the transcriptions next to the entries. For each one, mark whether the word is given in full (F) or with elision (E). The first one is done for you.1. launch l??nt? l??nt? F2. arrange ? ?re?nd? ? ?re?n?3. pumped p?mpt p?mt4. minx m??ks m??ks5. token ?t??k ?n ‖ ?t??k ?n6. cold|ly ?k??ld|li ?k??ld ‖?ko?ld ~ness n?s n?s ?k??ld n?sEXERCISES 2526AIM: To understand the conditions in which elision of consonants takes place, and so to predict when elision may take place. To say and transcribe full and elided forms.Elision of consonantsWithin a syllable:t may be elided in nt? . lunch l?nt?, l?n?d may be elided in nd? . strange stre?nd?, stre?n?p may be elided in mps, mpt . jumped d??mpt, d??mtt may be elided in nts . contents ?k?n tents, ?k?n tensk may be elided in ?ks, ?kt . lynx l??ks, l??s18At the end of a syllable, t and d may be elided before a consonant in the next syllable:t may be elided in ft, st . firstly 39。we?k ?n ? 39。mpt st230。d ?n Some say ?s230。ka?nd l? n?s?3. Which is the correct pronunciation of uselessly 39。k j?°p??k ??r ?stEXERCISE 17 Use the dictionary to help you say and transcribe the following:1. The American pronunciation of Aberdeen, in Scotland.2. All the alternative pronunciations shown for academician.3. The pronunciation of Addis Ababa.4. The second pronunciation of manageress.5. A regional pronunciation of misrepresentation.EXERCISE 18Quiz on alternative pronunciations. Use the dictionary to answer the following questions.1. Can exorcise be pronounced like exercise?2. How many British and American pronunciations exist for majority? Transcribe each one.153. mandatory is the pronunciation m230。nt??l ?s?b, ?stɑ?nt? .................4. transistor tr230。p se??l?230。b se??l ?230。 instead it is replaced by a hyphen.13This means that Americans pronounce the final syllable with a different vowel。 it is replaced by a hyphen ().123. amp。stmainregional (or AmE)English with regional accentFor those interested in studying some of the differences between American and British English pronunciation, there is a section on American pronunciation on pages 6570. Regional pronunciations are discussed in LPD Introduction .3 Alternative pronunciationsIn order to present information concisely, alternative pronunciations are often abbreviated. To get the most out of the dictionary, it is important to be able to interpret the conventions which are used.EXERCISE 12Diagnostic exercise in interpreting information about alternative pronunciations.How many pronunciations are represented in this entry from the dictionary?beautiful ?bju?t ?f ?l ?f。θOccasionally, pronunciations are shown which many English speakers use, but which many other English speakers consider incorrect. These are marked ?.ate past of eat et e?t ‖ e?t ?et(In American English et is considered incorrect.) The dictionary entries below are labelled to show the pronunciations given.9EXERCISE 9AIM: To bee familiar with the layout of entries, and recognise the types of pronunciation shown. Label the dictionary entries below, like those on page 5.EXERCISE 10AIM: To recognise the types of pronunciation given, and practise transcribing them. Study the dictionary entries printed below.Then use the information to plete the boxes on the following page.10Main pronm230。de?t? ? 39。de?t ? 39。 ???? g. ?w?? ?? k. ??l ?v o. lu?zd. ?le? ? h. e? l. ?k?? k?d p. ?le? ?1. .i. 2. .... 3. .... 4. .... 5. .... 6. .... 7. .... 8. ....EXERCISE 6 Look back at transcriptions ap in exercise 5. Write the eight words shown which were not given on the cassette.You can check your answers in the key and on the cassette.EXERCISE 7 In the following pairs of words, is the first syllable the same (S) or different (D)? Use the dictionary to check. The first two are done for you.1. worthy worried .D. 7. majestic magician ....2. feral ferrous .S. 8. patient patio ....3. dynasty dynamite .... 9. southeast southern ....4. variegated various .... pierrot ....5. vagary vagabond .... nutmeg ....6. vicissitude vicar .... forecast ....EXERCISE 88Time yourself as you do this exercise.For each of the words aj below, find the correct phonemic transcription in the list on the right. Write its letter next to the word. The first one is done for you.a. season .19. 1. ?s?? ?2. f? ? ?kb. wordy .... 3. ? ?gen4. ?f?? m?nstarting time:................c. foreman .... 5. ?n?t ?6. ?i?ldfinishing time:................d. neuter .... 7. j??8. f? ?n230。?k?l ankle uncle3. s??l soil soul4. bri?240。 trap, bad? t? city, better ? ? lot, odd, wash? ? d day, ladder, odd ? ? ? strut, bud, love? ? k key, cock, school ? ? ? foot, good, put? ? g get, giggle, ghost ? ? i? fleece, sea, machine? ? ? church, match, nature ? ? e? face, day, steak? ? ? judge, age, soldier ? ? a? price, high, try? ? f fat, coffee, rough, physics ? ? ?? choice, boy? ? v view, heavy, move ? ? u? goose, two, blue? ? θ thing, author, path ? ?? goat, show, no? ? 240。1LONGMANPRONUNCIATIONDICTIONARYSTUDY GUIDEClare FletcherLongman 2Longman Group UK LimitedLongman House, Burnt Mill, Harlow,Essex CM20 2JE, Englandand Associated