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eal authorities rather than mere journalists. They give universities a chance to pay back some of their debt to the societies that nurture them. The fact that America’s bestseller lists feature works written by academic authorities amongst the ghostwritten memoirs and celebrity suckup jobs should be cause for rejoicing. The second point is that they help to keep talented people in academia. Some noble souls will always be willing to put up with low salaries in exchange for a chance to pursue the truth :it is hard to imagine John Rawls hustling for a bit of extra cash. But others are inevitably attracted to money and bright lights. A bit of moonlighting is a relatively easy way for universities to keep some of their smarter faculty happy.What about the costs of this moonlighting? Don’t academic superstars shortchange their universities? Well, a bit. Yet the ostentatiously ludicrous Mr. West has undoubtedly helped to attract bright students to Harvard in the same way that those rather more serious once did. Surveys suggest that academics who engage in outside activities are actually more likely to do their share of teaching than those who don’t. Besides, the link between popular success and lower academic standards is not sharp. Mr. Ambrose and Ms. Goodwin both started “borrowing” other people’s work before they hit the big time.Fundamentally, the besetting sin of American academia is not celebrity professors but hyperspecialization. Academics have a bit of crawling along the frontier of knowledge with a magnifying glass, blind to the wide vistas ope