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hen, where, why等連接副詞引導(dǎo)。1.定語從句要注意的兩個(gè)??碱愋褪牵簍hat引導(dǎo)的定語從句和“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。②根據(jù)句意,待譯內(nèi)容的句子結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)與后半句“not by how much they can earn”(由how引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作介詞by的補(bǔ)足成分)保持一致。由時(shí)間狀語last week判斷用一般過去時(shí)。[答案] are being developed[例19] This popular sports car_______________(正在生產(chǎn)出來)out at the rate of a thousand a week.[][分析]①根據(jù)句意使用被動(dòng)語態(tài),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。②dreams of后跟動(dòng)名詞作介詞of的賓語。具體分布情況可參考以下歷年真題。[例15] John is no better than Tom.約翰和湯姆都不好(兩人一樣壞)。根據(jù)句意,此處的 “更容易”是指“相比以前有感到累的趨勢或傾向”,不可選擇easy 這個(gè)形容詞來翻譯。[答案] the more confused I am/bee/get[例12] Since my childhood I have found that______________(沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力).[][分析] 此題考查“否定詞+比較級”的結(jié)構(gòu)。我們大家都比較熟悉形容詞或副詞的原級、比較級和最高級的基本形式,這里不再贅述。比如由wish, would rather, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的分句中,表示一種臆想的(通常是不可能發(fā)生的)情況。②此題另一考點(diǎn)是“訴諸…”的表達(dá),用固定搭配resort to sth.。[答案] for fear that he (should) be recognized㈡. were型虛擬式1. 常用于由if, if only, as if, as though, though引導(dǎo)的條件狀語和讓步狀語分句中, 可以對現(xiàn)在、過去、將來的事實(shí)進(jìn)行假設(shè), 表示非真實(shí)的條件或讓步。⑶ 用在advice, decision, decree, demand, desire, importance, instruction, necessity, order, proposal, remendation, requirement, resolution, suggestion等名詞之后的that分句中。②固定搭配“使自己適應(yīng)……”用adapt oneself to 。㈠.be型虛擬式1.用于表示命令、決定、建議等詞語之后的that分句中,表示這類含義的詞語通常有三類,其后的that分句的謂語動(dòng)詞形式都用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。②“出毛病”是常用詞組,用be wrong with表達(dá)。[答案]can’t have been cleaned[例2] Some psychologists claim that people _______________(出門在外時(shí)可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)).[][分析]①may/might表示“可能”可以互換使用,并無時(shí)間上的差異,只是用might在口氣上比用may更加不甚肯定,從而比較婉轉(zhuǎn)。另一方面,牢固掌握英語的一些基本語法項(xiàng)目。考試時(shí)間5分鐘。句中的一部分已用英文標(biāo)出,要求考生根據(jù)全句意思將漢語部分譯成英語。根據(jù)大綱要求,考生在復(fù)習(xí)過程中應(yīng)注意積累基本詞匯,短語和習(xí)慣表達(dá),并做到靈活使用。 it ________________(肯定沒打掃過).[][分析]由待譯內(nèi)容“肯定”二字判斷選擇語氣最強(qiáng)的情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞must,對過去事實(shí)的肯定推測“肯定/一定做過……”,用must have done;如果是表達(dá)否定推測,用can’t have done。[答案]may/might feel lonely when they are away from home[例3] I can’t boot my puter now. Something_______________(一定出了毛病)with its operation system.[][分析]①表肯定的猜測多使用情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞“must”。下面分別詳述這兩種虛擬式的具體用法。主句謂語動(dòng)詞用suggest,從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。[答案] we hand in /submit our research reports ⑵ 用在advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, fundamental, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper, urgent, vital等形容詞之后的that分句中。[例6] He wears a pair of sunglasses______________________(唯恐被別人認(rèn)出來).[][分析]考查for fear that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。[例7] I would___________________(不會(huì)訴諸法律)a court of law if I had’t been so desperate.[][分析] ①根據(jù)從句的時(shí)態(tài)(“if I had’t been…”使用的是過去完成時(shí))判斷是對過去的假設(shè)(虛擬),因此主句用would+ have +過去分詞。[答案] would have had a chance to survive2.用于某些名詞性分句中。)[答案] didn’t do anything三.比較結(jié)構(gòu)比較結(jié)構(gòu)是四級考試常考的一個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目。[答案] not so much a writer[例11] The more you explain, __________________(我愈糊涂). [] [分析] 此題待譯內(nèi)容為整句話的主句,考查“越/愈……越/愈……”結(jié)構(gòu),主句和從句結(jié)構(gòu)