【正文】 ssumptions? (A) Most states tend to impose few rules and regulations on the automobile drivers operating within those states. (B) Most states are skeptical that annual automobile safety inspections can reduce fatality rates. (C) Annual automobile safety inspections contribute significantly to holding down New Jersey’s fatality rate. (D) Drivers in New Jersey are more safety conscious than are drivers in other parts of the country. (E) A smaller number of people die on the roads in New Jersey than in most other states. 例 2. The federal government expects hospitals to perform 10,000 an transplants next year. But it is doubtful that this many donor ans will be available, since the number of fatalities resulting from car and motorcycle accidents has been dropping steadily over the past decade. The argument above makes which of the following assumptions? (A) A significant number of the ans used in transplants e from people who die in car and motorcycle accidents. (B) The number of car and motorcycle accidents will increase significantly during the next year. (C) No more than 10,000 people will be in need of an transplants during the next year. (D) In the past the federal government’s estimates of the number of an transplants needed during a given year have been very unreliable. (E) For any given fatality resulting from a car or motorcycle accident, there is a hospital in the vicinity in need of an an for a transplant. 例 3. 因?yàn)閯e人的老婆都有別墅， 所以我也應(yīng)該有別墅。 A,indicate/show B if A,then B。 A,therefore B。 例 be mentally healthy, people must have selfrespect. People can maintain selfrespect only by continually earning the respect of others they esteem. They can earn this respect only by treating these others morally. Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above? (A) People who are mentally healthy will be treated morally by others. (B) People who are mentally healthy will have treated morally those they esteem. (C) People who are mentally healthy must have selfrespect in other to be treated morally by others. (D) People can expect to be treated morally by others only if they esteem these others. (E) People who have selfrespect seldom treat morally those esteem. 例 3. Most television viewers estimate how frequently a particular type of accident or crime occurs by how extensively it is discussed on television news shows. Television news shows report more on stories that include dramatic pictures such as fires and motor vehicle accidents than they do on more mon stories that have little visual drama such as bookkeeping fraud. If the statements above are true, it can be properly concluded that which of the following is also true? (A) The time television news reporters spend researching news stories is directly related to the number of viewers who will be affected by events like those in the news stories. (B) It is easier for crimes such as bookkeeping fraud to go unprosecuted than it is crimes such as arson. (C) The number of fires and motor vehicle accidents greatly increases after each television news show that includes dramatic pictures of a fire or motor vehicle accident. (D) Viewers of television news show tend to overestimate the number of fires and motor vehicle accidents that occur relative to the number of crimes of bookkeeping fraud. (E) The usual selection of news stories for television news show is determined by the number of news reporters available for assignment. 二． 無關(guān)詞排除法。 if above true, then it is also true. 讀文章方式：不要關(guān)心文章的推 導(dǎo)過程，盡量減少思維，承認(rèn)文章正確，只抓信息 一． 公共元素直推法。 第二章：五大題型 1． 歸納 2． 演繹（假設(shè)，加強(qiáng)，削弱，評(píng)價(jià)） 3． 解釋 4． 填空 5． 句子作用 第一節(jié)：歸納 英文標(biāo)志詞： conclusion。 三． 再看選項(xiàng)。 二． 再讀文章（隨題型不同而發(fā)生變化）。 3． 白癡型思維。 supported。 公共信息：人 直接推結(jié)論：我去了。 一 . 第一種文章（前提結(jié)論結(jié)構(gòu)）： 推測前提結(jié)論事實(shí) BA ??? ?? 標(biāo)志詞： since A,B。 A,obviously B。 英文標(biāo)志詞： assume, assumption, presuppose, additional premise, not true unless, depend on, rely on. 橋梁型。 英文標(biāo)志詞： support, strengthen, conclusion can be drawn if it were true that. （ 1） 橋梁型。 A≠ B 例 1. Scientists now believe that artificialhip implants, previously thought to be safe, may actually increase the risk of cancer in recipients after about 45 years of use. Though these implants do improve the quality of recipient’s lives, the increased risk of cancer is an unacceptable price to pay for these improvements. Therefore, they should be banned. Which of the following, if true, is the strongest counterargument to the argument above? (A) Artificialhip implant surgery can cause severe plications, such as infection, chronic fever, and bone degeneration, and these plications can themselves be crippling or even fatal. (B) Almost all artificialhip implant recipients receive their implants at an age when they are unlikely to live more than an additional 30 years. (C) Although artificialhip implants increase the risk of cancer after about 45 year of use, a few of the cancers they induce are not fatal. (D) Since artificialhip implants are not very mon, banning them would cause little hardship. (E) Although the benefits of artificialhip implant surgery have remained substantially the same over the past decade, the price of the surgery has risen considerably. 例 2. Metropolis regulation limiting to four days the period during which milk can be sold to consumers after pasteurization is unreasonable. Under optimal conditions, pasteurized milk kept at 40 degrees Fahrenheit remains unspoiled for at least 14 days. If Metropolis current limitation were changed to eight days, milk prices would drop, but product quality would be unaffected. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion drawn above? (A) Most consumers keep milk no more than three days after purchase. (B) A recent survey showed that 20 percent of Metropolis con