【正文】 flank wear than the lighter, the flank wear as a tool failure, more generally, the scale mark. However, because many authors have expressed increasing cutting speed, as the case, the first blade surface temperature than the surface temperature rise after the knife faster, but also because of the wear rate is essentially any form is subject to significant temperature changes Impact. Therefore, the rake face wear usually occurs when highspeed cutting. The main tool flank wear with the tail was not p。 (b) torque。 5. Cone。 they are safe, the axis is almost always calculated and what they are in acceptable within the limits allowed. Consequent, the designer at any time, power transmission parts such as gears or pulleys should be set in the near vicinity of support bearing. This reduced the bending moment, thus reducing distortion and bending stress. Although the method from MHG difficult to use in the design axis, but it may be used to accurately predict the actual failure. Thus, it is a good test shaft has been designed to find specific axis or damaged in the operation because a good way. Thus has a lot of questions about the design, which take into account the other considerations such as stiffness, size restrictions have been better. Designers to look on the fillet size, heat treatment, surface finish and whether you want to shot peening, etc., that the only real need is to achieve the required service life and reliability. Because of their similar functions, together with the clutch and brake handle. Simplified kiic friction clutch or brake expression, each movement with angular velocity w1 and w2 of the two moment of inertia I1 and I2, in case one of the brake may be zero, due to the clutch or brake which ultimately lead to the same Speed. Because the two ponents operate at different speeds began leaving skid occurs, and in the role of the energy loss process, resulting in temperature rise. In analyzing the performance of these devices, we should note the force, torque transmission, the energy dissipation and temperature rise. The relationship between the torque transfer to the force, friction coefficient and the geometric clutch or brake situation. This is a static problem. This issue will be, respectively, for each geometric shape research institutions. However, the relevant energy losses and temperature rise, temperature rise may be of the type of brake or clutch has nothing to do. Because of the importance of geometry of cooling surface. A variety of clutch and brake can be classified as follows: 1. Inner rim frozen block expansion system。 axis In the stress analysis of spur gear, is assumed to act in a single plane. We will study the threedimensional coordinates of the gear forces. Thus, in the case of helical gears, the teeth are not parallel to the axis of rotation. In the case of bevel gears, the rotational axes are not parallel to each other. As we discussed, there are other reasons to learn and master. Helical gears are used to pass the motion between parallel axes. Angle of each gear are the same, but one must be rightlateral oblique teeth, while the other must be leftlateral oblique teeth. Tooth shape is a helical surface splash. If one is cut into a parallelogram (rectangle) surrounded by the gear cylinder of paper, the paper printed side edge angle of the tooth bees slash. If I start this piece of paper, in the blood blade edge angle on each point occurred on the involute curve. Spur gear teeth is that the initial contacts across the entire tooth surface and extend to the line. Helical gear tooth is the point of initial contact, when the teeth meshing into more, it bees line. In spur gears, the contact is parallel to the axis of rotation. Helical gears in the first diagonal line across the tooth surface. It is the gradual meshing gears and smooth teeth from one tooth to another, passing movement that makes highspeed helical gears under heavy load with the ability to transmit motion smoothly. Helical gear shaft bearings to withstand radial and axial force. When the axial thrust of a big change or due to other reasons, have some impact, then you can use the herringbone gear. Double helical gear (herringbone gear) is mounted side by side with the reverse on the same axis is equivalent to two helical gears. They have the opposite effect of axial thrust, thus eliminating axial thrust. When two or more unidirectional bevel gear to be on the same axis, the gear39。簡言之，可成功地達到顯著提高夾具生產效率和效益。依據這樣的程序，夾具的輪廓結構和裝合的規(guī)劃和記錄過程可以進行自動化控制。柔性夾具是以它們對不同工件的高適應性和以少更換低費用為特征的。這種情形正迫使許多公司更多地致力于廣泛的合理化改革和前面提到過情況那樣裝配自動化。因為夾具作用力和同步化裝置是各自獨立的，該同步裝置可以用精密的滑移裝置來替換而不影響夾具作用力。 自動夾具設計 用做裝配設備的傳統(tǒng)同步夾具把零件移動到夾具中心上，以確保零件從傳送機上或從設備盤上取出后置于已定位置上。 如果任何進行性形式 的磨損任由繼續(xù)發(fā)展，最終磨損速率明顯地增加而刀具將會有摧毀性失效破壞，即刀具將不能再用作切削，造成工件報廢，那算是好的，嚴重的可造成機床破壞。這是因為局部效應，這像未加工表面上的已硬化層，這效應是由前面的切削引起的工件硬化造成的。在許多情況中和對于實際的切削狀況而言，前刀面磨損比起后刀面磨損要輕，因此后刀面磨損更普遍地作為刀具失效的尺度標志。 由于刀具表面上的應力分布不均勻，切屑和前刀面之間滑動接觸區(qū)應力，在滑動接觸區(qū)的起始處最大，而在接觸區(qū)的尾部為零，這樣磨蝕性磨損在這個區(qū)域發(fā)生了。后刀面磨損既發(fā)生在主刀刃上也發(fā)生副刀刃上。當要加工廣泛的工件材料時， Trent 已經論述過測定高速鋼刀具的切削溫度及溫度分布的方法。這表明如何人從切削參數來確定切削溫度 那是很合適的。然而切削速度的增加，傳導到工件上的熱的數量減少而這又增加主變形區(qū)中的切屑溫升。 實質上由于在金屬切削中所做的全部功能都被轉化為熱，那就可以預料：被切離金屬的單位體積功率消耗曾家的這些因素就將使切削溫度升高。 切削參數的改變對切削溫度的影響 金屬切削操作中，熱是在主變形區(qū)和副變形區(qū)發(fā)生的。一般來說，在其他條件相同時，進給量與切削速度成反比。一般來說，工件材料越硬，速度越低。 切削刀具必須用一種合適的材料來制造，它必須是強固、韌性好、堅硬而且耐磨的。另方面，許多零件靠較粗的生產加工工藝提高其一般表面形狀，而僅僅是在需要高精度的且選擇過的表面才進行機械加工。一般來說，通過利用貴重設備而又無需特種加工條件下，幾乎可以以任何種類原材料開始，借助機械加工把原材料加工成任 意所需要的結構形狀，只要外部尺寸足夠大，那都是可能的。 機械加工在知道過程中具備兩方面。這樣從充分滑移到完全鎖住的任何狀態(tài)都可以獲得。 磁液離合器或制動器相對來說是一個新的發(fā)展，它們具有兩平行的磁極板。這種離合器通常使用裝 在外套筒和內軸件之間的滾子或滾珠。為著這些用途就需要超載釋放保護離合器。他們可能在圓周面上加工齒，以便他們以圓柱周向 配合來結合或者在配合元件的端面上加工齒來結合。 強制接觸離合器由一個變位桿和兩個夾爪組成。因為幾何形狀的重要性是散熱表面。所傳遞的扭矩關系到作用力，摩擦系數和離合器或制動器的幾何狀況。 由于他們的功能相似，將離合器和制動器一起處理。 雖然來自 方法在設計軸中難于應用，但它可能用來準確預示實際失效。因此，如若軸要做得有足夠的剛度以致撓曲不太大，那么合應力符合安全要求那是完全可能的。 “ 軸 ” 這個詞包含著多種含義，例如