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( 4)準備好 標準件及所需的輔助材料。裝配后的模架,上模座沿導柱上、下移動應平穩(wěn)和無阻滯現(xiàn)象。壓入時最好在手動壓力機上進行,首次壓入時不要超過 3mm。為了使裝配后凸、凹模易于對中,且間隙均勻,總裝時必須要考慮裝配基準及上、下模的裝配次序,否則,可能出現(xiàn)無法裝配的現(xiàn)象。用平行夾板將凹模、中間墊板、凸模組件、上墊板和上模座夾緊,然后調整沖孔凸模與凸凹模中沖孔凹模的沖裁間隙,調整落料凹模與凸凹模中落料凸模的沖裁間隙。 ( 7) 將彈壓卸料板套在凸凹模上,用平行夾板將卸料板和下模座壓緊,然后在鉆出上鉆出卸料螺釘孔。所以,我們在設計時應詳盡地考 慮模具結構,考慮提高生產率,如何方便維修。在拆裝模具時,要認真仔細,以防損傷模具。 ( 2) 車外圓至直徑 ( 3) 車外圓至直徑 8 ( 4) 車外圓至 11 3 熱處理 按熱處理工藝,退火 達到 207~ 255HRC 4 磨 磨外圓至尺寸要求 5 鉗工精修 全面達到設計要求 6 檢驗 按熱處理工藝,淬火回火達到 58~ 62HRC 附錄 3 落料凸凹模的加工工藝過程 工序號 工序名稱 工序內容 工序圖(示意圖) 東華理工大學長江學院畢業(yè)設計 附錄 33 1 備料 將毛坯鍛成長方體 61 68 46 2 粗銑 銑出 U型 3 精銑 U 型 4 鉗工劃線,找孔位 5 鉆孔,鉸孔 加工出兩沖孔凹模 6 加工螺釘孔、安裝 孔及穿絲孔 按位置加工螺釘孔、 銷釘孔及穿絲孔等 7 熱處理 按熱處理工藝,退火 達到 207~ 255HRC 東華理工大學長江學院畢業(yè)設計 附錄 34 8 線切割 按圖線切割,輪廓達 到尺寸要求 9 鉗工精修 全面達到設計要求 10 檢驗 附錄:外文翻譯 In Wang Zuoliang’s translation practices, he translated many poems, especially the poems written by Robert Burns. His translation of Burn’s “A Red, Red Rose” brought him fame as a verse translator. At the same time, he published about ten papers on the translation of poems. Some argue that poems cannot be translated. Frost stresses that poetry might get lost in translation. According to Wang, verse translation is possible and necessary, for “The poettranslator brings over some exciting work from another culture and in doing so is also writing his own best work, thereby adding something to his culture. In this transmission and exchange, a richer, more colorful world emerges. ”(Wang, 1991:112). Then how can we translate poems? According to Wang’s understanding, the translation of poems is related to three aspects: A poem’s meaning, poetic art and language. ( 1) A poem’s meaning “Sociocultural differences are formidable enough, but the matter is made much more plex when one realizes that meaning does not consist in the meaning of words only, but also in syntactical structures, speech rhythms, levels of style.” (Wang, 1991:93). ( 2) Poetic art According to Wang, “Bly’s point about the ‘marvelous translation’ being made possible in the United States only after Whitman, Pound and Williams Carlos Williams posed poetry in speech rhythms shows what may be gained when there is a genuine revolution in poetic art.” (Wang, 1991:93). ( 3) Language 東華理工大學長江學院畢業(yè)設計 附錄 35 “Sometimes language stays static and sometimes language stays active. When language is active, it is beneficial to translation” “This would require this kind of intimate understanding, on the part of the translator, of its genius, its idiosyncrasies, its past and present, what it can do and what it choose not to do.” (Wang, 1991:94). Wang expresses the difficulties of verse translation. Frost’s ment is sufficient to prove the difficulty a translator has to grapple with. Maybe among literary translations, the translation of poems is the most difficult thing. Poems are the crystallization of wisdom. The difficulties of poetic prehension lie not only in lines, but also in structure, such as cadence, rhyme, metre, rhythm, all these conveying information. One point merits our attention. Wang not only talks about the times’ poetic art, but also the impact language’s activity has produced on translation. In times when the language is active, translation is prospering. The reform of poetic art has improved the translation quality of poems. For example, around May Fourth Movement, Baihua replaced classical style of writing, so the translation achieved earthshaking success. The relation between the state of language and translation is so 。 從整個設計過程來看,該工件采用復合模設計,模具結構設計合理,加工簡單,操作方便,工作效高,零件成形質量好,大大提高了生產率,降低了生產成本,滿足了生產需求,而且該設計思路可擴展推廣到其它類似 零件的產品模具設計中。在生產中模具的維修、保養(yǎng)也是很重要的。 ( 9) 裝配完畢對模具各部分全面檢查。 東華理工大學長江學院畢業(yè)設計 模具材料、總裝圖、裝配 25 ( 5) 拆掉平行夾板,將打桿、推板裝于上模座和模柄孔內,利用定位銷先將上模座、上墊板與凸模組件初步固定。 ( 1) 加工下模座漏料孔,確定凸凹模組件在下模座上的位置,然后用平行夾板將凸凹模組件和下模座夾緊,在下模座上劃出漏料孔線,加工下模座的漏料孔,下模座漏料孔尺寸應比凸凹模漏料孔大 ~1mm. ( 2) 安裝固定凸凹模組件,將凸凹模組件放在下模座上重新找正位置,用平行夾板夾緊。 ( 4)模柄的裝配,本次采用旋轉入式模柄,在裝配凸模固定板和上墊板之前,應先將模柄旋入上模座內,檢查模柄圓柱度和上模座的垂直度,保證誤差小于 ,鉆騎縫銷孔,壓入騎縫銷。 裝配時,將凸模固定板型孔臺階朝上,放在兩個等高墊鐵上,將凸模工作端朝下放入型孔對正,用壓入機分多次壓入,要邊壓入邊檢查凸模垂直度,并注意盈量、表面粗糙度,導入圓角和導入斜度。 模具組件裝配 ( 1)模架的裝配主要是指導柱、導套與上、下模座之間的裝配,本次選用壓入式裝配,導柱、導套、與上下模座之間采用過盈配合。根據總裝圖上的模具零件明細表來清點、清洗零件,并檢查主要零件的尺寸和形位精度,查明各部分配合面的間隙,加工余量及有無變形及裂紋等缺陷。裝配圖是沖模進行裝配的主要技術依據。 ( 8)制件毛坯的定位應準確、可靠、安全、出件和排樣應暢通無阻。 ( 4)模架的上模沿導柱上、下移動應平穩(wěn)且無阻滯現(xiàn)象。退火工藝, CrWMn鋼鍛后需進行等溫球化退火,退火溫度為 179720 攝氏度,等溫溫度 700720 攝氏度,退火后的組織比較均勻,退火后硬度為 207255HBS。 東華理工大學長江學院畢業(yè)設計 模具材料、總裝圖、裝配 21 6 模具材料、總裝圖、裝配 模具材料的選用 模具鋼一般于冷間使用,在壓強下,連續(xù)作業(yè),其自身溫度會上升,另一方面,又受很大的沖擊,因此沖床用模具的工作條件是相當惡劣的。下模座 125X125X45。數(shù)量為 4 個, 查《簡明沖壓手冊》 P390 表 B14得 25D mm? , mm? , 25H mm? 聚 氨 脂 橡 膠 可 以 符 合 卸 料 力 要 求( 3430 3008NN? ) ,模具安裝橡膠時預先壓縮 10%,橡膠高度為 單個彈性 體要承受的卸料力: /4 752F ?卸 N 推件裝置的選擇 推件選用標準推件方式 打桿。查標準GB/ 得 8 20?? GB/2089 卸料裝置的尺寸選取 卸料裝置的選擇: 卸料類型為,彈性卸料方式。 172 150??180 東華理工大學長江學院畢業(yè)設計 其它零件的選取 19 5 其它零件的選取 模具定位零件的選取 定位零件的選取原則 沖模的定位零件是用來保證條料的正確送進及在模具中的正確位置。查《簡明沖壓手冊 》P359 附錄 A。內外緣之間的壁厚決定于沖裁件的孔邊距