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東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 Abstract Abstract Stamping is an important method of metal forming, it is mainly applied to relatively softmetal forming, can be a molding of precision parts of plex shape. This topic is to petrochemical, chemical, electric power industries in the flange gasket sealing structure as a design model, Die related knowledge as a basis to explain the design process of Die. The design of a given workpiece for progressive die design, the use of Auto CAD software to design parts drawing. Clear design ideas, determine the process of stamping and forming part of the various specific details of the calculation and verification. The structure of such a design die is used to ensure reliability, ensure coordination with other ponents. And the mapping of the mold assembly and part drawings. The subject of the workpiece by stamping die design, consolidate and deepen the knowledge, and achieved satisfactory results, to achieve the desired design intent. Keywords: stamping die。本課題墊片作為設(shè)計模型,將冷沖模具的相關(guān)知識作為依據(jù),闡述冷沖模具的設(shè)計過程。 本課題通過對工件的沖壓模具設(shè)計,鞏固和深化了所學(xué)知識,取得了比較滿意的效果,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計意圖。 沖壓技術(shù)的進步 進幾十年來,沖壓技術(shù)有了飛速的發(fā)展,它 不僅表現(xiàn)在許多新工藝與新技術(shù)在生產(chǎn)的廣泛應(yīng)用上,如:旋壓成形、軟模具成形、高能率成形等,更重要的是人們對沖壓技術(shù)的認(rèn)識與掌握的程度有了質(zhì)的飛躍?,F(xiàn)代模具行業(yè)是技術(shù)、資金密集型的行業(yè)。更重要的是模具發(fā)展了,使用模具的產(chǎn)業(yè)其產(chǎn)品的國際競爭力也提高了。這些模具的 數(shù)字化代表了現(xiàn)代模具的一個方面,沒有模具的數(shù)字化,就沒有現(xiàn)代模具。 工藝方案擬定 零件結(jié)構(gòu)簡單可以有多種沖裁方法: 因該工件屬大批量生產(chǎn),根據(jù)零件的生產(chǎn)批量,尺寸精度 和材料種類與厚度,選擇模具的導(dǎo)向方式與精度,定距方式及卸料方式等,現(xiàn)有如下兩種模具結(jié)構(gòu)方案: 方案一:采用復(fù)合沖裁模結(jié)構(gòu)。 級進模有如下特點: 材料利用率較高。第二種,也需要一副模具,成本低,生產(chǎn)效率高,也可以滿足精度要求,查 《簡明沖模設(shè)計手冊》 P10,得最小孔距為 ,最小孔邊距 2mm。 圖 2 排樣圖 查《沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計》 P69 表 得 a =3, 1a =2。因此,壓力機滑塊中心必須和壓力中心重合 。 結(jié)合正裝式復(fù)合模與倒裝式復(fù)合的優(yōu)缺點并查表《沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計》 P74 表215,得最小壁厚滿足要求,本次制件的最小距離滿足要求,故本次選用倒裝式復(fù)合模 。 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 模具類型及結(jié)構(gòu)選擇 10 出件方式 因采用倒裝復(fù)合模生產(chǎn),故制 件 由推件裝置推出 。 確定導(dǎo)向方式 方案一:采用對角導(dǎo)柱模架。常用于沖壓件尺寸較大或精度要求較高的沖壓零件,以及大量生產(chǎn)用的自動沖壓模架。模座的剛度不足,會降低沖模壽命。上模(凹模)使用推件裝置將殘余 在凹模中的制件推出,為保證推力均衡,設(shè)計 2個連接桿。 間隙對沖裁工藝力的影響 隨著間隙的增大,材料所受的拉應(yīng)力增大,材料容易斷裂分離,因此沖裁力減小??紤]到模具在使用過程中的磨損使間隙增大,故設(shè)計與制造新模東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 凸凹模、凹模、凸模設(shè)計計算 13 具時要采用最小合理間隙值。材料及技術(shù)要求。) 卸料板高出凸凹模 1mm,得凸凹模長度: 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 凸凹模、凹模、凸模設(shè)計計算 17 12 1 3 7 .5L h h h m m? ? ? ? ? 圖 8 凸凹模 圖 9 凸凹模固定示意圖 為了減小孔壁磨損減小型孔內(nèi)工件聚集的數(shù)量并使模具制造容易,其中凹模刃口形式選擇臺階形式。 擬選 J2316 開式壓力機,公稱壓力為 160 138KN KN? ,滿足壓力要求。 卸料板尺寸查 得 125 125 10??,材料選用 45 號鋼。分別由標(biāo)準(zhǔn) GB2861 查得:導(dǎo)柱 A22h6X130,導(dǎo)套A22H7X80X30。 ( 2)模具零件的材料、幾何形狀、尺寸精度、表面粗糙度和熱處理等均應(yīng)符合圖樣要求。 ( 10)模具應(yīng)在生產(chǎn) 條件下試模,沖出的零件應(yīng)符合要求。 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 模具材料、總裝圖、裝配 24 ( 4)準(zhǔn)備好 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件及所需的輔助材料。壓入時最好在手動壓力機上進行,首次壓入時不要超過 3mm。用平行夾板將凹模、中間墊板、凸模組件、上墊板和上模座夾緊,然后調(diào)整沖孔凸模與凸凹模中沖孔凹模的沖裁間隙,調(diào)整落料凹模與凸凹模中落料凸模的沖裁間隙。所以,我們在設(shè)計時應(yīng)詳盡地考 慮模具結(jié)構(gòu),考慮提高生產(chǎn)率,如何方便維修。 ( 2) 車外圓至直徑 ( 3) 車外圓至直徑 8 ( 4) 車外圓至 11 3 熱處理 按熱處理工藝,退火 達(dá)到 207~ 255HRC 4 磨 磨外圓至尺寸要求 5 鉗工精修 全面達(dá)到設(shè)計要求 6 檢驗 按熱處理工藝,淬火回火達(dá)到 58~ 62HRC 附錄 3 落料凸凹模的加工工藝過程 工序號 工序名稱 工序內(nèi)容 工序圖(示意圖) 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 附錄 33 1 備料 將毛坯鍛成長方體 61 68 46 2 粗銑 銑出 U型 3 精銑 U 型 4 鉗工劃線,找孔位 5 鉆孔,鉸孔 加工出兩沖孔凹模 6 加工螺釘孔、安裝 孔及穿絲孔 按位置加工螺釘孔、 銷釘孔及穿絲孔等 7 熱處理 按熱處理工藝,退火 達(dá)到 207~ 255HRC 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 附錄 34 8 線切割 按圖線切割,輪廓達(dá) 到尺寸要求 9 鉗工精修 全面達(dá)到設(shè)計要求 10 檢驗 附錄:外文翻譯 In Wang Zuoliang’s translation practices, he translated many poems, especially the poems written by Robert Burns. His translation of Burn’s “A Red, Red Rose” brought him fame as a verse translator. At the same time, he published about ten papers on the translation of poems. Some argue that poems cannot be translated. Frost stresses that poetry might get lost in translation. According to Wang, verse translation is possible and necessary, for “The poettranslator brings over some exciting work from another culture and in doing so is also writing his own best work, thereby adding something to his culture. In this transmission and exchange, a richer, more colorful world emerges. ”(Wang, 1991:112). Then how can we translate poems? According to Wang’s understanding, the translation of poems is related to three aspects: A poem’s meaning, poetic art and language. ( 1) A poem’s meaning “Sociocultural differences are formidable enough, but the matter is made much more plex when one realizes that meaning does not consist in the meaning of words only, but also in syntactical structures, speech rhythms, levels of style.” (Wang, 1991:93). ( 2) Poetic art According to Wang, “Bly’s point about the ‘marvelous translation’ being made possible in the United States only after Whitman, Pound and Williams Carlos Williams posed poetry in speech rhythms shows what may be gained when there is a genuine revolution in poetic art.” (Wang, 1991:93). ( 3) Language 東華理工大學(xué)長江學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計 附錄 35 “Sometimes language stays static and sometimes language stays active. When language is active, it is beneficial to translation” “This would require this kind of intimate understanding, on the part of the translator, of its genius, its idiosyncrasies, its past and present, what it can do and what it choose not to do.” (Wang, 1991:94). Wang expresses the difficulties of verse translation. Frost’s ment is sufficient to prove the difficulty a translat