中國北方城市水管理研究項目第e部分-powerpoint(文件)
【正文】 of concession for establishing the permission regulation. 沒有利用特許經(jīng)營建立準(zhǔn)入監(jiān)管的關(guān)系。 Undevelopment of the independent water quality regulation system, lack of regulation power. 自來水水質(zhì)第三方監(jiān)管體系沒有建立 ,監(jiān)管缺乏權(quán)威性 。 Usually neglect of sludge regulation. 污泥監(jiān)管被普遍忽略 。 Weak feasibility of existing policies and regulations 現(xiàn)行政策法規(guī)操作性較差 Undeveloped Public Participation Scheme 不完善的公眾監(jiān)督機(jī)制216。216。 Types of marketization for water sector 水業(yè)市場化模式 216。 The first stage: opening to nongovernment sectors。 facilitating the restructure of traditional SOEs, advancing the term of full cost recovery, introducing petition mechanism, and shifting the governmental functions 第二階段：建立完善特許經(jīng)營制度，推進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)國有企業(yè)改制、提出全成本價格體系、引入競爭機(jī)制，轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能216。 Major advocated strategies for water marketization by Chinese governments: lease contract, BOT, TOT and etc. 中國政府主張的水業(yè)市場化模式：租賃管理， BOT,TOT等。 216。 France 法國216。 Macao 澳門216。 The exiting legal framework is consistent with the water service contract, such as lease management, BOT/TOT, and etc. rather than selling out the ownership of water service assets to private sectors, such as the models of divesture, publicprivate joint venture and etc. 現(xiàn)行的法律法規(guī)體系相對適應(yīng)租賃管理、 BOT/TOT等模式的發(fā)展需求；而對于涉及到水業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)出售的模式，如合資或完全私有化等，尚不能完全支撐。 One key remendation is the establishment of Provincial Water Commissions, which function as an independent regulatory body and are responsible to making integrated planning, managing the implementation of benchmarking system, setting water tariff, and supporting the local authority for water concession management. 建議設(shè)立獨立的監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu) —— 省級水業(yè)委員會，其責(zé)任主要包括：統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，負(fù)責(zé)績效管理系統(tǒng)，制定水價，支持當(dāng)?shù)卣畬嵤┧畼I(yè)特許經(jīng)營管理。通過定量績效管理可以建立績效的目標(biāo)水平、獲取趨勢信息。 The World Bank, International Water Association, Ofwat, and VEWIN (Association of Dutch Water Companies) use metric benchmarking. 定量績效管理體系的主要代表：世界銀行，國際水協(xié)， Ofwat和VEWIN（荷蘭水公司協(xié)會）216。216。 Vewin (NL) 荷蘭供水協(xié)會216。 IWA 國際水協(xié) Getting started 實施方法216。 Major ways for implementing metric benchmarking 推行定量績效管理系統(tǒng)主要方式a. Participation encouragement based on a voluntary scheme 自愿參與的前提下鼓勵參加b. Providing financial incentives 財政上給予一定激勵c. Establishing it as mandatory 強(qiáng)制性的要求參與216。 China could consider starting with a voluntary scheme, perhaps with the incentive of an associated reward or medal for participation, and move to a regulatory driven scheme if and when Provincial Water Commissions are established. 目前，中國可以由自愿參與的方案開始，對參與者授予聯(lián)合獎狀或獎?wù)?，如果省市水業(yè)委員會建立起來之后，可以轉(zhuǎn)為監(jiān)管過程的一部分。實施計劃可以分為四個步驟：初步指標(biāo)設(shè)計、系統(tǒng)開發(fā)、應(yīng)用示范和推廣。 Keep it as simple as possible at starting 初始階段應(yīng)盡量簡單 216。 Chile 智利 216。 OFWAT (UK) 英國水務(wù)辦公室 216。216。 Metric benchmarking is not intended for the detail
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