【正文】 way from 避開，別靠近 keep back 隱瞞，忍住，阻止……向前，留下 keep down 控 制 keep off 勿踏，勿踩 keep off sb / sth 不接觸或不接近某人 /某事物 keep on 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 keep out 不得入內(nèi) keep… out 把 …… 擋住，把 …… 留在外面 keep out of … 不進(jìn)入 …… keep up 繼續(xù)，保持，堅(jiān)持，使（情緒等）不低落 keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，趕上 keep a date 赴約 keep a healthy diet 保持健康的飲食 keep a record / records 保持記錄 keep an eye on 注視，留心，注意，照顧 （比較： keep an eye out for 注視，留心，注意） keep busy doing 忙著做某事 keep fit 保持健康 keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……記住 keep (on) doing sth 繼續(xù)不停地做某事 [比較： keep sb doing sth 使某人一直 /繼續(xù)做某事 keep … from doing 阻止……做， 不讓……做 stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨礙 /預(yù)防 /阻止……做， 不讓……做 ] keep one’s appointment 守約（比較： break one’s appointment 違約） keep one’s balance 保持平衡 keep one’s word(s) 遵守諾言 keep safe 保持安全 keep silent over … 對……保持沉默 keep the same look 保持原貌 keep watch 保持 警戒，站崗 例如： I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back. Every week there was a rebellion（造反） somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions. While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his panion and with the earth. He kept on telling us the same story over and over. You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words. Danger! Keep out! Will this overcoat keep the rain out? It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question. The rain kept up all night. I see you are getting along well with your English studies. Keep up the good work. The good news keeps our spirits up. He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him. Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watchtowers, where soldiers used to keep watch. There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.” （ 14） knock短語： knock at /on 敲打 （ 門 、窗等） knock down 把 …… 撞倒 ，擊倒 knock into 撞 到 ，撞上某人 ， 偶然碰見 knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻 ，撞 倒 例如： We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there. He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car. Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr. White. He almost knocked into me before he realized it. If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door. （ 15） look 短語： look at 看著，注視，檢查 look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照鏡子 look after 照顧，照料，照看 look ahead 向前看，展望未來 look around / about 四處看看，四下環(huán)顧 look back 回首，回憶，回顧過去 look back on… 回顧 ……，回憶…… look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物 /做某事 look for 尋找，找 look in 來訪，參觀 look into… 往……里面看，瀏覽，調(diào)查， 研究 look (right) into sb’s eyes 直視著 look like… 看起來像…… （比較： look the same 看起來像 ） look on 旁觀，觀望 look out = be careful = take care 留神，當(dāng)心，注意， 警惕，提防 look out for 警惕，留心，找出來 look over… 翻閱， （仔細(xì)）檢查 look through 看透，仔細(xì)查看，瀏覽， 翻閱，溫習(xí) look up 仰視，往上看，（在字典或參考書中）查閱，查尋 look up to sb 敬仰，仰望， 尊敬（比較： look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙視，輕視） look / be worried 看上去 /感到擔(dān)心 例 如： The boy is old enough to look after himself. He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city. We are looking forward to hearing from you soon. Join us. Don’t just look on. They all looked on him as a member of their family. Look out! There is danger ahead. I shall look out that I don’t trust him again. He looked through his notes before writing the report. Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see. I must look up the time of your train. A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock. I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination. （ 16） make短語： make into 制成，作成（后面跟產(chǎn)品，制成品） [比較： be made in 在……生產(chǎn) /制造 be made of 由……組成 /構(gòu)成， 用某種原材料制成（物理變化） be made from 由……組成 /構(gòu)成， 用某種原材料制成（化學(xué)變化） be made up of = consist of 由……組成，由……構(gòu)成 ] make out 理解 ， 看清楚 make up 化妝，打扮，和解，配制，編造，虛構(gòu)，構(gòu)成，組成 make up for 彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)充，補(bǔ)償 made up one’s mind 下決心 make a choice 做出選擇 make a mitment 承諾，保證 make a ment / ments (on / upon… ) （對……）發(fā)表評(píng)論 make a (great) contribution to… 為……做出（巨大）貢獻(xiàn)，為……捐款 make a decision 做出決定 make a (no) difference （沒）有關(guān)系 /影響 make a face / faces 扮鬼臉 make a fire 生火 make a film / blockbuster／ followups 拍電影 /巨片／續(xù)集 make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比較： make fool of … 愚弄） make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （給某人）留下好印象 make a mistake / mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤 make (a) noise 制造噪音，發(fā)出令人不愉快的聲音 make a note / notes of… 記錄， 做筆記 ，記下來 make a plan (for… ) （為……）制訂計(jì)劃，制訂一個(gè)（……的）計(jì)劃 make a point of doing sth 認(rèn)為做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承諾 make a record 錄制唱片，做記錄 （比較： record a song 錄一首歌 set a world record 創(chuàng)造世界記錄） make (a) suggestion (on … ) 提出（關(guān)于……）的建議 make a telephone call 打電話 make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行 make conversation 交談 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵 make friends with sb 與某人交朋友 make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……開玩笑 make it（事業(yè)上）獲得成功 make jokes about sb 拿某人開玩笑，以某人為笑柄 make mistake about… 犯了……錯(cuò)誤 make / earn money 掙錢 make oneself at home 不拘束，別客氣 make oneself known 使 /讓自己出名 make one’s way to… 往……走去 make progress (in … ) （在……方面）取得進(jìn)步 make sense 有意義，有道理，講得通 make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做 make sure 確保，確認(rèn)，查明 make the adjustment to… 適應(yīng)… … make the / one’s bed 整理床鋪 make (full) use of … = make the most / best of … (充分 )利用 例如： Bamboo is also made into paper. Our desks and chairs are made of wood. The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood. This engine is made up of 490 parts. The actor made himself up for the part of an old man. These days many girls make up when they are still quite young. She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces. There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here. He has just made her up. Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence