【正文】 和聯(lián)軸器的飛輪矩： 2228.)()(fGDlz?機(jī)構(gòu)定飛輪矩： .*51])()()[()(kgfmGDcczdl??滿載啟動(dòng)時(shí)間，tq(q=q)=930/[375*(1*)]*[+105*103*( tq(q=q)= *)= 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 28 無(wú)載啟動(dòng)時(shí)間：tq(q=q)=930/[375*(1*)]*[+105*103*(*)]= tq(q=q)= 參考[3]表76，可見機(jī)構(gòu)滿足快速啟動(dòng)的要求。 驗(yàn)算起動(dòng)不打滑條件因該機(jī)型用于電站廠房?jī)?nèi)的檢修，故坡度及風(fēng)阻力矩均不計(jì)，故在無(wú)載啟動(dòng)時(shí)，主動(dòng)車輪上與軌道接觸處的圓周切向力：查[2] 表1810，取YDWZ200/25型制動(dòng)器，額定制動(dòng)力矩Mez=20kgfm。 ???查[2]表2111知，ZQ850+250型減速器的低速軸為：d=140mm,l=200mm，查 [2]表197可知，QU800型車輪伸出軸端：d=150mm,l=180mm.查[2]表176選用連軸器clz8型，最大允許扭矩為：[M]max=23660kgfm. 演算低速浮動(dòng)軸強(qiáng)度疲勞演算低速浮動(dòng)軸的等效扭矩： kgfmiMel *1265/*139。浮動(dòng)軸徑：d1=d+(510)=130+(510)=135140mm，取d1=140mm 。有：[σ1]=2580/*1/=1002kgf/cm2, 因： σw[σ1] 故設(shè)計(jì)滿足要求。 繩端固定裝置計(jì)算 繩索卷筒的表面有光面和螺旋槽的兩種。一般情況下，多采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槽，因此其節(jié)距比深槽的短，所以繩槽圈數(shù)相同時(shí)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)槽的卷筒工作長(zhǎng)度比深槽的短。 d=30 （內(nèi)徑）Mw=sl=*4=螺栓材料為 As 屈服極限為 σs=2400kgf/cm2則需用拉伸應(yīng)力為:[ σ]= σs/n2=2400/=1560kgf/cm2, σ[σ],故滿足要求。長(zhǎng)型吊鉤裝置的構(gòu)造特點(diǎn)是：吊鉤裝置在橫軸上，滑輪裝在單獨(dú)的心軸上；而短鉤裝置的特點(diǎn)是：吊鉤橫軸與滑輪心軸合二為一。短型吊鉤的上面不能裝平衡滑輪，故其上的滑輪數(shù)目?jī)H為偶數(shù)。傾斜截面cc的應(yīng)力計(jì)算畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 38 )45sin()2/(??? ???FkDQe其中，Q=*105kgf ,e1=(b1+3b2)/(b1+b2)*h/3,(b1=。 滿足要求 叉子計(jì)算畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 39 校核其水平截面AA: 39。校核擠壓應(yīng)力畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 41 平均擠壓應(yīng)力: ][)2/(?????dQ即σ=*10 5/(2*300*100)=因[σ]= σ/4=25/4=，故σ[σ]滿足要求。大車運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu)傳動(dòng)方案，一般分為兩類：即：分別傳動(dòng)和集中傳動(dòng)。在布置大車運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：(1) 要安裝在起重機(jī)橋架上，橋架的運(yùn)行速度很高，而且受載之后會(huì)發(fā)生撓曲現(xiàn)象，機(jī)構(gòu)零部件在橋架上的安裝不可能十分準(zhǔn)確畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 43 所以單單從保持機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)性能和補(bǔ)償安裝的不準(zhǔn)確性著眼，在靠近電動(dòng)機(jī)、減速器和車輪的軸，最好采用浮動(dòng)軸。在保證浮動(dòng)軸有足夠長(zhǎng)度的情況下，要盡量減小機(jī)構(gòu)的尺寸。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 44 結(jié)論通過(guò)此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，讓我了解到了很多方面東西。致謝畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是我們大學(xué)生活中很重要的一個(gè)課題，現(xiàn)在我完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)即將完成學(xué)業(yè)、步入社會(huì)，首先要感謝孫振軍老師在畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中的指導(dǎo)和幫助，感謝各位老師四年來(lái)的關(guān)心和教導(dǎo)。 ③ Materials selection。 ⑦ Environment effects。 ② Suddenly applied。 ② Deformation。 ⑥ Environmental damage。 ④ Corrosion。 ④ Applied with continuous direction reversals。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 48 Strength is a measure of the ability to resist, without fails, forces which cause stresses and strains. The forces may be。 ⑤ Manufacturing。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 45 參考資料[1] 《起重機(jī)課程設(shè)計(jì) 》 陳道南、盛漢中 冶金工業(yè)出版社 [2] 《起重機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) 》 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 [3] 《起重運(yùn)輸機(jī)械 》 陳道南、過(guò)玉清、周培德、盛漢中 高等學(xué)校試用教材 2022[4] 《機(jī)械零件手冊(cè) 》 周開勤 高等教育出版社 [5] 《起重機(jī)計(jì)算實(shí)例 》 陳國(guó)璋、孫桂林、金永懿、孫學(xué)偉、徐秉業(yè) 中國(guó)鐵道出版社 1985[6] 《機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì) 》 濮良貴、紀(jì)名剛 高等教育出版社 [7] 《互換性與技術(shù)測(cè)量 》 廖念釗等 中國(guó)計(jì)量出版社 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 46 Design of machine and machine elementsMachine designMachine design is the art of planning or devising new or improved machines to acplish specific purposes. In general, a machine will consist of a bination of several different mechanical elements properly designed and arranged to work together, as a whole. During the initial planning of a machine, fundamental decisions must be made concerning loading, type of kinematic elements to be used, and correct utilization of the properties of engineering materials. Economic considerations are usually of prime importance when the design of new machinery is undertaken. In general, the lowest overall costs are designed. Consideration should be given not only to the cost of design, manufacture the necessary safety features and be of pleasing external appearance. The objective is to produce a machine which is not only sufficiently rugged to function properly for a reasonable life, but is at the same time cheap enough to be economically feasible. The engineer in charge of the design of a machine should not only have adequate technical training, but must be a man of sound judgment and wide experience, qualities which are usually acquired only after considerable time has been spent in actual professional work.Design of machine elements The principles of design are, of course, universal. The same theory or equations may be applied to a very small part, as in an instrument, or, to a larger but similar part used in a piece of heavy equipment. In no ease, however, should mathematical calculations be looked upon as absolute and final. They are all subject to the accuracy of the various assumptions, which must necessarily be made in engineering work. Sometimes only a portion of the total number of parts in a machine are designed on the basis of analytic calculations. The form and size of the remaining parts are designed on the basis of analytic calculations. On the other hand, if the machine is very expensive, or if weight is a factor, as in airplanes, design 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 47 putations may then be made for almost all the parts. The purpose of the design calculations is, of course, to attempt to predict the stress or deformation in the part in order that it may sagely carry the loads, which will be imposed on it, and that it may last for the expected life of the machine. All calculations are, of course, dependent on the physical properties of the construction materials as determined by laboratory tests. A rational method of design attempts to take the results of relatively simple and fundamental tests such as tension, pression, torsion, and fatigue and apply them to all the plicated and involved situations encountered in presentday machinery. In addition, it has been amply proved that such details as surface condition, fillets, notches, manufacturing tolerances, and heat treatment have a market effect on the strength and useful life of a machine part. The design and drafting departments must specify pletely all such particulars, must specify pletely all such particulars, and thus exercise the necessary close control over the finished product. As mentioned above, machine design is a vast field of engineering technology. As such, it begins with the conception of an idea and follows through the various phases of design analysis, manufacturing, marketing and consumerism. The following is a list of the major areas of consideration in the general field of machine design: ① Initial design conception。從整體結(jié)構(gòu)到各個(gè)部件都有了一個(gè)全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。 參照以上所述，由于所設(shè)計(jì)的參數(shù)級(jí)別較大，跨度中等，故 分別驅(qū)動(dòng)采用分別驅(qū)動(dòng)的方案。(3) 對(duì)于集中傳動(dòng)的大車運(yùn)行機(jī)構(gòu)，軸承應(yīng)安裝在橋架