【正文】 ill in all standard property values and thus only require to enter the record – or device name into the configuration tool. A clear advantage for control systems with a notion of I/O objects rather than I/O points.2 Alarming Alarms are good candidates to distinguish between different control system architectures. Those systems which have I/O object implemented also provide alarm checking on the frontend puter. Those systems which only know about I/O points have to add alarm checking into the I/O processing. While the I/O object approach allows to implement alarm checking in the native programming langu。最后感謝在百忙之中抽出時間參加我畢業(yè)設計答辯的教授、高工和老師！21參考文獻[1]樊軍慶，,工業(yè)爐，2008[2]：中國電力出版社，2004[3]：機械工業(yè)出版社，2002[4]：高等教育出版社，2006[5]：電子工業(yè)出版社，2004[6]：清華大學出版社， 2003[7]：機械工業(yè)出版社，1990[8]：機械工業(yè)出版社，2002[9] S7200 可編程控制器系統(tǒng)手冊，2000[10] S7200 可編程控制器系統(tǒng)手冊，2003[11]：機械工業(yè)出版社，1993[12]吳忠俊，：機械工業(yè)出版社，2005[13]（提高篇）.北京：電子工業(yè)出版社，2005[14]：機械工業(yè)出版社，2006[15]陳在平，：機械工業(yè)出版社，2003[16]史國生，王念春，：化學工業(yè)出版社，2004[17]宮淑珍，：人民郵電出版社，2002[18]SIEMENS. SIMATIC S7200 Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) Tutorial,2007[19]附　錄附錄1 程序子程序0子程序1附錄2 I/O分配表模塊號輸入端子號輸出端子號地址號信號名稱說明CPU2261總啟動開關按鈕1加熱器輸出加溫2紅燈，“1”有效指示燈3綠燈，“1”有效指示燈4黃燈，“1”有效指示燈EM2221總停止開關按鈕1喇叭輸出，“1”有效聲報警器EM2351AIW0遠程電壓輸入12AIW2遠程電壓輸入23AIW4遠程電壓輸入34AIW6遠程電壓輸入41AQW0遠程電壓輸出1附錄3 控制系統(tǒng)的序號、名稱、地址、注釋序號名稱地址注釋序號名稱地址注釋1總啟動開關上升沿有效14過程變量VD032BIT2總停止開關上升沿有效15設定值VD432BIT3加熱器“1”有效16偏差值VD832BIT4紅燈“1”有效17增益VD1232BIT5綠燈“1”有效18采樣時間VD1632BIT6黃燈“1”有效19積分時間VD2032BIT7喇叭“1”有效20微分時間VD2432BIT8遠程電壓輸入1AIW012BIT21積分前項VD2832BIT9遠程電壓輸入2AIW212BIT22過程前值VD3232BIT10遠程電壓輸入3AIW412BIT23運行標志“1”有效11遠程電壓輸入4AIW612BIT24平均值VD4032BIT12電壓信號輸出1AQW012BIT25PID輸出VW4012BIT13PID表首地址VB08BIT2649外文資料翻譯外文翻譯原文 INDUSTRIAL AND COLLABORATIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS —— A COMPLEMENTARY SYMBIOSIS M. Clause, DESY, Hamburg, GermanyAbstract Looking at today’s control system one can find a wide variety of implementations. From pure industrial to collaborative control system (CCS) tool kits to home grown systems and any variation inbetween. Decisions on the type of implementation should be driven by technical arguments Reality shows that financial and sociological reasons form the plete picture. Any decision has it’s advantages and it’s drawbacks. Reliability, good documentation and support are arguments for industrial controls. Financial arguments drive decisions towards collaborative tools. Keeping the hands on the source code and being able to solve problems on your own and faster than industry are the argument for home grown solutions or open source solutions. The experience of many years of operations shows that which solution is the primary one does not matter, there are always areas where at least part of the other implementations exist. As a result heterogeneous systems have to be maintained. The support for different protocols is essential. This paper describes our experience with industrial control systems, PLC controlled turn key systems, the CCS tool kit EPICS and the operability between all of them. INTRODUCTION Process controls in general started at DESY in the early 80th with the installation of the cryogenic control system for the accelerator HERA (HadronElectronRingAnlage). A new technology was necessary because the existing hardware was not capable to handle standard process controls signals like 4 to 20mA input and output signals and the software was not designed to run PID control loops at a stable repetition rate of seconds. In addition sequence programs were necessary to implement startup and shutdown procedures for the plex cryogenic processes like cold boxes and pete pressor streets. Soon it was necessary to add interfaces to field buses and to add puting power to cryogenic controls. Since the installed D/3 system[1] only provided an documented serial connection on a multiuse board, the decision was made to implement a DMA connection to VME and to emulate the multiuse board’s functionality. The necessary puting power for temperature conversions came from a Motorola MVME 167 CPU and the field bus adapter to the in house SEDAC field bus was running on an additional MVME 162. The operating system was Waxworks and the application was the EPICS toolkit. Since this implementation was successful it was also implemented for the utility controls which were looking for a generic solution to supervise their distributed PLC’s.A SELECTION OF PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS AT DESYDCS (D/3) As a result of a market survey the D/3 system from GSE was selected for the HERA cryogenic plant. The decision was fortunate because of the DCS character of the D/3. The possibility to expand the system on the display and on the I/O side helped to solve the increasing control demands for HERA. The limiting factor for the size of the system is not the total number of I/O but the traffic on the munication network. This traffic is determined by the total amount of archived data not by the data configured in the alarm system. The technical background of this limitation is the fact that archived data are polled from the display servers whereas the alarms are pushed to configured destinations like alarmfiles, (printer) queues or displays. SCADA Systems with DCS Features (Cube) The fact that the D/3 system mentioned above had some hard coded limitations with respect to the Y2K problem was forcing us to look for an upgrade or a replacement of the existing system. As a result of a call for tender the pany Orosi with their product Cube came into play [2