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高中英語語法總結(jié)大全(文件)

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【正文】 He is taller than I/me.He is taller than I am.2) 主格代替賓格a. 在介詞but,except 后,有時可用主格代替賓格。注意:在動詞be 或to be 后的人稱代詞視其前面的名詞或代詞而定。 (賓格賓格)代詞的指代問題 1)不定代詞 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及whoever和person在正式場合使用時,可用he, his, him代替。3)指代車或國家,船舶的名詞,含感情色彩時常用she。b. 在長輩對晚輩,長官對下屬說話時,如長官為第一人稱, 如:I and you try to finish it.c. 并列主語只有第一人稱和第三人稱時,d. 當其他人稱代詞或名詞被定語從句修飾時。名詞性的物主代詞在用法上相當于省略了中心名詞的39。b. 作賓語,例如:I love my motherland as much as you love yours.我愛我的祖國就像你愛你的祖國一樣深。s ,屬于你,屬于你。 Please help yourself to some 。3) 作表語; 同位語be oneself: I am not myself 。(錯) Myself drove the car.(對) I myself drove the 。相互代詞 1)相互代詞只有each other和one another兩個詞組。說明:傳統(tǒng)語法認為,相互關(guān)系存在于兩個人或物之間用each other, 存在于兩個以上人和物之間用one another。c. 相互代詞可加39。 b. 作賓語I like this better than that.我喜歡這個甚至那個。There is no fear of that.那并不可怕。(this指物,可作賓語)說明2:That和those可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時,在作先行詞時,只有those可指人,試比較:(對) He admired that which looked 。科amp。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。t make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。(該句中whom既代表先行詞the girl,又在從句中作介詞to的賓語。(which指物,在限定性定語從句中作賓語,可以省略)3) 關(guān)系代詞which的先行詞可以是一個句子,例如:He said he saw me there, which was a lie.他說在那兒看到了我,純屬謊言。s changed. He39。every和no在句中只能作定語。all 通常不與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用,如:不說 all the book,而說 the whole book。b. both, all 都可作同位語,其位置在行為動詞前, be 動詞之后。其謂語采用就近原則。If you don39。t sing,nor dance,nor skate.none, few, some, any,... 一、 none 無1) none作主語,多與of 構(gòu)成短語 none of。It is none of your business. 二、few 一些,少數(shù) few 作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),多用于肯定句。A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule.某些人不同意你的看法。t been there before.,some可用于否定句。當句中含有任何的意思時,any可用于肯定句。Have you bought any rulers? Yes,I’ve bought some.代詞比較辯異one, that和it one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。我想我該去買一頂。 t know where I put it.( 同一物)我找不到我的帽子。3) 一定范圍內(nèi)三者,一個用one,另一個用one (another),第三個可用the other,a third。第一句定語從句與the students 一致。2.no one 和nonea)none 后跟of短語,既可指人又可指物,而no one只單獨使用,只指人。3.every 和each1)every 強調(diào)全體的概念, each強調(diào)個體概念。3)every 只作形容詞,不可單獨使用。6)every 與not 連用,表示部分否定; each 和not連用表示全部否定。其位置都在be 動詞之后,行為動詞之前或第一助動詞之后。2) both,either both與復(fù)數(shù)連用,either與單數(shù)連用。3) all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一個), none (都不)。t like any of the 。All of the students are there.所有的學(xué)生都在那。He has a few 。典型例題:Although he 39。1)直接說明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞,它有級的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語、表語和補語。大多數(shù)以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。但是如果形容詞修飾以thing為字尾的詞語時,要放在這些詞之后,例如:something nice以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞 1) 大部分形容詞加ly可構(gòu)成副詞。(錯)He is an ill man.(對)The man is ill.(錯)She is an afraid girl.(對)The girl is afraid. 這類詞還有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。2)敘述形容詞只能作表語,所以又稱為表語形容詞。固定搭配:only a few (=few)not a few (=many)quite a few (=many)many a (=many)Many books were sold. Many a book was sold. 賣出了許多書高中英語語法大全之形容詞和副詞形容詞及其用法 形容詞修飾名詞,說明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。We still have a little time. 我們還有點時間。many, much Many,much都意為許多, many + 可數(shù)名詞,much + 不可數(shù)名詞。注意:all與none用法一樣。All the flowers are 。Either of the two boys is clever. 兩個男孩都很聰明。以上詞使用范圍為兩個人或物。Each man is not 。 Every student has to take one. Each boy has to take one. Each of the boys has to take one.4)every不可以作狀語,each可作狀語。 Each student may have one book..每個學(xué)生都可有一本書。None of you could lift it. 你們中沒有人可舉起它。anyone/any one。5) 泛指別的人或物時,用others當在一定范圍內(nèi),除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部時,也用others。one/another/the other one… the other只有兩個some… the others有三個以上one… another,another…some… others,others…others = other people/thingsthe others = the rest剩余的全部1) 泛指另一個用another。I can39。I can39。五、one, ones 為復(fù)數(shù)形式ones必須和形容詞連用。t heard from some of my old friends these years.這些年我沒有收到一些老朋友的信。(2)some用于其他句式中::說話人認為對方的答案會是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答時。2) 當做某一解時,也可與單數(shù)名詞連用。 Are there any pictures on the wall? None.2) none作主語,謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)均可。e. 如后連續(xù)有幾個否定句式,則用nor,不用neither。She can39。Who can speak Japanese? We both (all) can.4)neither兩者都不a. neither作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。all還可以與一些特殊的單數(shù)名詞連用,如 all China,all the city,all my life, all the way3)both都,指兩者。all 的主謂一致:all的單復(fù)數(shù)由它所修飾或指代的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。every, no, all, both,... [來源:]1)不定代詞有all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, 。ve forgotten much of the Latin I once knew. 我過去懂拉丁語,現(xiàn)在大都忘了。在限定性定語從句中,that 可指人也可指物,見下:限定性非限定性限定性指人指物指人或指物主 格who which that賓 格 whom that that屬 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose 例如:This is the pencil whose point is broken. 這就是那個折了尖的鉛筆。關(guān)系代詞 1) 關(guān)系代詞用來引導(dǎo)定語從句。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內(nèi),例如:Which girls do you like best? 你喜歡哪幾個姑娘?What girls do you like best? 你喜歡什么樣的姑娘?說明2:Whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時,可用who代替,但在介詞后只能用whom, 例如:Who(m) did you meet on the street?你在街上遇到了誰?(作動詞賓語)Who(m) are you taking the book to?你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)To whom did you speak on the campus?你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞 后,不能用who取代。(those指物)疑問代詞 1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用,用來構(gòu)成疑問句。(those指人)(錯) He admired that who danced well.(that作賓語時不能指人)(對) He admired those who danced 。( that作主語,指人) (對)He is going to marry this 。 d. 作介詞賓語I don39。s notes.學(xué)生們互借筆記。He put all the books beside one another. 他把所有書并列擺放起來。2) 相互代詞的句法功能:a. 作動詞賓語;People should love one another. 人們應(yīng)當彼此相愛。Charles and myself saw it.5)第二人稱作賓語,要用反身代詞。4) 在不強調(diào)的情況下,but, except, for 等介詞后賓語用反身代詞或人稱代詞賓格均可。注:有些動詞后不跟反身代詞, get up, sitdown, stand up, wake up等。公式為:a, an, this, that +名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。d. 作主語補語,例如:The life I have is yours. It39。s cap意為 The cap is Jack39。 apparently there was a broken glass on his desk. 約翰割破了手指,顯而易見,他桌子上有個破玻璃杯。it IYou, he and I should return on time.2) 復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞作主語時,其順序為:第一人稱 - 第二人稱 - 第三人稱we-you -They注意: 在下列情況中,第一人稱放在前面。 Give the cat some food. She is 。(主格主格)I thought it to be her.(賓格賓格)I was taken to be 。 I wish to speak to Mary. 我想和瑪麗通話。,常用賓格代替主格。人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換 1) 賓格代替主格,當人稱代詞單獨使用或在not 后,多用賓語。(her做賓 語,them做介詞賓語,her作主語補語) a. Who broke the vase?誰打碎了花瓶? b.
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