【正文】
rible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。 give sb. a call/ ring I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. I couldn’t get through. Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number. ?。?)酒店場景:Can I have a suite please? How much do you charge for that? Smoking or no smoking? Meals included. 包括飲食。 speeding May I see your license, please? You will be fined by $20. ?。?)購物場景: color。從歷屆全國高考及各省的高考題來看,動詞少則5道(%),多則8道(%)。 other, another。3. 名詞命題規(guī)律:(1)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的判斷與轉(zhuǎn)化;(2)名詞的所有格;(3)語境中對名詞的選擇。命題形式也有3條規(guī)律:(1)通常有一個可參照的時間信息詞;(2)固定句式中的時態(tài)。9. 短語動詞的命題規(guī)律:(1) take, get, make, put, look, turn, break, go, fall, hold, keep, work, carry, give, cut, set, fall等動詞+介詞或副詞;(2)動詞+out / in / up / down / on / off / to / away / over / back等;(3)動詞+副詞+介詞,如keep up with, put up with, e up with, hold on to, go together with, get along / on with, go in for, break away from, get out of, get down to等。如:do(行、替代動詞), act(起作用), , leave(留下), sense(感覺到), run(褪色), cover(采訪), promise(有…的希望), follow / catch(明白), matter(要緊), attempt(企圖)等;(2)詞義和用法容易混淆的動詞。 celebrate, congratulate (慶祝、祝賀)。 raise, grow, feed (養(yǎng)、植)。 separate, divide(分開)等;(3)拼寫易混的詞。 kill the time, read sb. mind / thought, make it(成功), make it 8 (定于8點);(5)判斷動詞后能否接又賓語或復(fù)合賓語。 not only…but also等。15. it用法的命題規(guī)律:(1)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu):it is/was…that…(考試重點);(2)替代前面提到的同一物;(3)替代前面整個句子;(4)指身份不明的人;(5)作形式主語或形式賓語。高考中單項選擇易錯原因及分析單項選擇是英語高考的一個必考題型。正確答案應(yīng)當(dāng)分別是B和C?! ∫缘谌}為例:題干說什么呢?如果你看不出來,不妨將題干做一個變換,即做一個回答: ——How long do you suppose is it ______ he arrived here? ——I suppose it is a week ______ he arrived here. 上面a week是你自己隨便添加的時間段,但恰恰是這樣的添加回答,使剛才似乎不是很清晰的結(jié)構(gòu),一下子變成我們學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時時,最典型的一個結(jié)構(gòu)“做……到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有……時間了”。我們再回到第一題: 題干上的關(guān)鍵點是“…a possibility that Palestine and Israel will make a peace agreement after Yasser Arafat died.”也就是“阿拉法特去世后,巴勒斯坦和以色列達(dá)成和平協(xié)議的可能”。in case of something用來描述在某些特定情境下,你應(yīng)該做什么,特別用在官方的和正式的通知中,例如: In case of fire, break the glass. 如果失火,砸碎玻璃。其實本題考查短語get down to doing sth的用法,意思是開始認(rèn)真對待某事。本題的主體句是We have the best coffee machine ___ invented,而分詞短語ever invented = which have ever been invented是定語修飾語;for you不影響主體句答案的選擇。把題干還原,很容易看出,本句使用的是have some difficulty (in) doing sth這個句型。 易錯點四忽視有效附加信息典例4 (2006年北京卷) —Which driver was to blame?—Why, ____! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.A. both B. each C. either D. neither【命題意圖】 特定語境中不定代詞的辨析【解題思路】 正確答案為D。判斷依據(jù)是,有此信息與無此信息句子意義完全不同。命題者常利用這一點,制造陷阱。 the D. the。 a B. / 。易誤選A或D,因為漢語里常用“你會沒問題的,你能行的”來安慰他人,但英語中通常用Come on, you can do it來鼓勵他人。而最后一句表明,是小孩從兩輛停著的車子中沖出,導(dǎo)致事故。此種手段常導(dǎo)致考生機(jī)械地套用語法,進(jìn)而作出錯誤的選擇。對于此類題目,考生可以反其道而行之,去掉冗余部分,這樣,答案就會一目了然。運用得當(dāng),它可以幫助考生在短時間內(nèi)調(diào)集解決問題所需的相關(guān)知識進(jìn)行分析、推理,并得出正確的答案;運用不當(dāng),便會誤導(dǎo)考生,使其掉入命題人預(yù)設(shè)的陷阱。 易錯點一 思維定勢干擾典例1 (2007年重慶卷) Isn’t it time you got down to ___ the papers?A. mark B. be markedC. being marked D. marking【命題意圖】 介詞to與不定式符號to辨析【解題思路】 正確答案為D。如果使用it,題干應(yīng)當(dāng)是: Do you think ______ is possible that Palestine and Israel will make a peace agreement after Yasser Arafat died. 因此,這道題考查了同學(xué)們在搞清語義基礎(chǔ)上辨別句式結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。 從上面的這個例子,我們可以看出,做單項選擇題,不要急于先看選項,更不要一個一個選項地往空里帶。平時備考,同學(xué)們做了不計其數(shù)的練習(xí),但總是陷入“做了錯,錯了做”的惡性循環(huán),究其原因,是同學(xué)們把單選真的看成“題”了,而不是看成是進(jìn)行語言交流。 先請試著回答以下三道單項選擇題: 1. Do you expect ______ to be a possibility that Palestine and Israel will make a peace agreement after Yasser Arafat died. A. that B. there C. one D. it 2. He got to the station early, ______ missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of 3. How long do you suppose is it ______ he arrived here? A. after B. since C. before D. when 核對答案之前,先反思一下剛才答題時思考的過程,看看自己屬于下面的哪一類:一類是先看選項,看看可能考哪一個知識點,于是就先有個“預(yù)期”,比如第一題感覺是考不定代詞it,所以就選擇了D;再一類是,先讀一下題干,大致感覺一下這句話要說什么,然后再把選項回填句中,看哪個對,比如第二題,是說“他早早到了車站,……誤了火車”,一看第一個選項,“覺得”是“以防”的意思,就選擇了A。17. 虛擬語氣的命題規(guī)律:(1)含虛擬條件句的虛擬語態(tài);(2)用without, but for等介詞和or, otherwise等連詞表示虛擬條件和虛擬語態(tài);(3)虛擬條件句和主句動作發(fā)生時間不一樣的錯綜時間的虛擬語態(tài);(4)wish, would rather, as if/ though后的從句;(5)在表示“堅持、命令、建議、要求”的詞后的名詞性從句中用“(should+)動詞原形”表示的虛擬語態(tài)。13. 狀語從句的命題規(guī)律:(1)以until, before, when, as, while, since, the moment等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句;(2)以if, unless, as long as引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;(3)以although, though, as, while, however (=no matter how), whenever, even if, whether…or…等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句;(4)以表示“既然”的since, when, now that和because等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句;(5)以so that和in