外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯交通運(yùn)輸專業(yè)中英文對照-wenkub
2022-12-17 01:13:32 本頁面
【正文】 般來說，有三種常見的方法來確定這個(gè)問題。約翰松等使用瑞典上班者的圖片案例表明了靈活性和舒適性這兩個(gè)感覺影響個(gè)人的選擇模式。 廣義運(yùn)輸成本的概念經(jīng)常用于評估和解釋的旅游行為。貨幣化的廣義概念通常是將旅行時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)換 成貨幣費(fèi)用，增加的費(fèi)用，收取的費(fèi)用，在這項(xiàng)研究中，模擬通勤出行行為，三個(gè)運(yùn)輸關(guān)于概念費(fèi)用是相通的。廣義貨幣化成本的公共交通是計(jì)算訪問到火車站的時(shí)間，等候時(shí)間，這是計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)上的進(jìn)展，等車時(shí)間，以及票價(jià)。 貫穿城市及鄉(xiāng)村的公路通常是不僅僅可以通私人轎車，也可以通公共汽車。 公共汽車票價(jià)降低和公交線路的 增加使得許多中等收入居民轉(zhuǎn)移去坐公交車，同時(shí)小汽車用戶轉(zhuǎn)移到輕軌，特別是那些短距離旅行。根據(jù)模擬結(jié)果，輕鐵及巴士票價(jià)減少以及客容量的增加，使這一模式對于那些中低收入旅行者更有吸引力。公共汽車是用于短距離的旅行，而中、長距離者喜歡輕鐵。 城市交通在整個(gè)世界中都是是政府政策的一個(gè)主要領(lǐng)域。首先，從過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，大量在郊區(qū)社區(qū)中的永久居民都是中等或更高收入的人。附件 2：外文原文 Transport system Abstract Transport systems offer substantially different services in citysuburb areas thisusually leads to different assumptions about user behavior in transport mode choice. Inthis paper a simulation model is proposed to assess the effect of transport service policieson mode choice. The transport modes considered are public transport including light railtransit LRT and bus together with the private the three step traveler behaviour simulation model the concept of generalisedtransport costs is used. Various transit incentives are proposed and their impacts onresidents travel choice and suburban residential munity form are quantified usingdata on a typical citysuburb corridor in Beijing China. The simulation results show that: the fare reduction and capacity increase of publictransport integrated with private car disincentives is necessary to improve systemefficiency and suburb munity attractiveness particularly for those low ine peoplewithout highway pricing medium ine residents will be encouraged to shift to privatecar while more high ine persons might leave the suburb because of road congestionpublic transport improvement can attract more short and medium distance travelers butthe car users are not sensitive to travel : generalised cost public transport congestion pricing transport serviceBeijing From the middle of 1990s metropolitans in China have been experiencingsuburbanization and the spatial structures of these cities are shaped in large measure bythe advances of transportation. Many suburban towns were development only forresidential areas because of the population explosion and renovation in central of the residents in these new development towns are employed in the central city ornear industrial parks. For example more than 80 residents of Hui long guan suburbanmunity in Beijing have jobs in central city or developed CBD areas. And almost halfof the residents in Wangjing munity are employed in CBD in Chaoyang areas present new challenges for transport policy makers and urban planningdesigners to plan and operate efficient transportation systems. In many cases the edge
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