【正文】 e performance. Cryogenic storage tank is used to store liquid N Ar of liquid CO2 and other lowtemperature liquid containers, liquid medium decision on the special properties of the material needs of a special performance, and austenitic stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9on with this performance. Cryogenic storage tank in the present life, has been used in the production of more extensive, therefore 0Cr18Ni9 of it is beco Steel our modern society is indispensable to a material, it can be seen as a sign of the level of industrialized countries. The higher the output of steel on behalf of this country the higher the level of industrialization. Stainless steel is a very important one, because of the use of stainless steel with special performance and mechanical properties, in all walks of life in the present have been increasingly used. Austenitic stainless steel in the stainless steel is a very important one, in the developed world consumption of stainless steel annually in 70% of the stainless steel is, I have also reached about 65 percent. Thus the development and use of austenitic stainless steel good to me over the words of the industry has bee increasingly important. 0Cr18Ni9 is austenitic stainless steel, I do on this subject is 0Cr18Ni9 in lowtemperature storage tank manufacturer in the performance. Cryogenic storage tank is used to store liquid N Ar of liquid CO2 and other lowtemperature liquid containers, liquid medium decision on the special properties of the material needs of a special performance, and austenitic stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9 on with this performance. Cryogenic storage tank in the present life, has been used in the production of more extensive, therefore 0Cr18Ni9 of it is being increasingly important. In this paper I will focus on as we set out in the cold 0Cr18Ni9 pressure vessel manufacture of welding performance, mechanical properties, the use of performance and welding technology. In this paper I will pass a welding test to explore 0Cr18Ni9 in lowtemperature pressure vessel in the performance. This is my test specifications for the 6 150 300mm two 0Cr18Ni9 pull the butt welding method is the level of manual arc welding. For the pilot to plete the welding technology assessment and assessed in accordance with the requirements of the design accordingly mechanical properties of nondestructive testing and inspection, to determine 0Cr18Ni9 the performance. ming increasingly important. In this paper I will focus on as we set out in the cold 0Cr18Ni9 pressure vessel manufacture of welding performance, mechanical properties, the use of performance and welding technology. In this paper I will pass a welding test to explore 0Cr18Ni9 in lowtemperature pressure vessel in the performance. This is my test specifications for the 6 150 300mm two 0 0Cr18Ni9 pull the butt welding method is the level of manual arc welding. For the pilot to plete the welding technology assessment and assessed in accordance with the requirements of the design accordingly mechanical properties of nondestructive testing and inspection, to determine 0Cr18Ni9 the performance. Key word: Welding performance Mechanics performance Welding craft Operational performance 目 錄 1 緒論 ???????????????????????????????? 1 2 課題的背景 ????????????????????????????? 1 3 材料介紹 ?????????????????????????????? 3 4 0Cr18Ni9 的焊接 ???????????????????????????? 4 0Cr18Ni9 的焊接性分析 ??????????????????????? 5 0Cr18Ni9 的焊接工藝 ??????????? ?????????????? 8 0Cr18Ni9 的焊接工藝分析 ????????????????????? 17 0Cr18Ni9 的焊接工藝應(yīng)用 ???????????????????? 19 5 結(jié)論 ??????????????????????????????? 20 6 參考文獻(xiàn) ????????????????????????????? 21 7 致謝 ??????????????????????????????? 22 1 緒 論 機(jī)械工業(yè)是為所有的工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、國防以及交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)提供機(jī)器和裝備的工業(yè)。因此，在提高金屬材料 的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量的同時(shí)，還要提高和發(fā)揮材料的各種性能，充分挖掘潛力，做到既合實(shí)用又節(jié)省，只有這樣才能達(dá)到多，快，好，省建設(shè)社會主義的目的。不銹鋼由于具有優(yōu)良的耐蝕性、耐磨性、強(qiáng)韌性和良好的可加工性，外觀的精美性，以及無毒無害性，廣泛地應(yīng)用與宇航、海洋、軍工、化工、能源等方面，以及日用家具、建筑裝潢、交通車輛的裝飾上。有關(guān)這方面的研究成果和文獻(xiàn)資料雖然很多，但較為系統(tǒng)的還是寥寥無幾，在實(shí)際工作中，一部分有關(guān)的焊接技術(shù)人員和焊工，對不銹鋼及耐蝕耐熱合金的焊接知識了解不多，有的甚至直接照搬低合金鋼的工藝和方法。 在世界上 45﹪的鋼的連接是用焊接方法來完成的，手工電弧焊又是我們生活中不可缺少的一部分，目前我用的越來越多的鋼就奧氏體不銹鋼，所以對于奧氏體不銹鋼的焊接的研究已經(jīng)越來越迫在眉睫。 課題背景 由于奧氏體不銹鋼的特殊的焊接性能，在現(xiàn)代社會中越來越多的地方使用到這種鋼，現(xiàn)在奧氏體不銹鋼也是我們發(fā)展研究的一個(gè)方向。在手工電弧焊中起關(guān)鍵作用的不銹鋼焊條經(jīng)過我國焊接工作者多年努力，已取得了如下進(jìn)展： ⑴ 品種 基本上覆蓋了各種常規(guī)不銹鋼鋼種，如 30 31 30 34 317 等等，通常包括酸性、堿性兩個(gè)渣系。對于一些特殊品種如 310MoL、 347L、 309L 仍有許多工廠愿意使用進(jìn)口焊材。隨后焊正面，現(xiàn)行工藝是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中要求和認(rèn)可的。 ③ 不銹鋼埋弧焊接效率低、成本高、質(zhì)量粗糙。這三種焊接方法的對比，見下表。由于生產(chǎn)效率不斷提高，質(zhì)量不斷改進(jìn)，不銹鋼已成為建筑師們選擇的最具有成本效益的材 3 料之一。 材料介紹 要全面 的了解這種金屬我們首先就必須清楚這種材料的化學(xué)成分其次我們還要清楚它的機(jī)械性能。 鉻是決定不銹鋼抗腐蝕性能的主要元素，因?yàn)殇撝泻t就能使不銹鋼在氧化介質(zhì)中產(chǎn)生鈍化現(xiàn)象，即在表面形成一層很薄的膜，在這層膜內(nèi)富集了鉻。鎳是形成奧氏體的合金元素，當(dāng)鎳與鉻配合使用時(shí)，即可使金相組織由單相的鐵素體變?yōu)閵W氏體和鐵素體雙相組織，經(jīng)過熱處理，可以提高強(qiáng)度，從而使其具有更強(qiáng)的不銹耐蝕性和良好的形變性能。硫是有害的雜質(zhì)，硫與鎳形成Ni3S2 化合物， Ni3S2 與鎳在 625℃ 形成低熔點(diǎn)共晶，分布在晶粒間界上，當(dāng)熱變形溫度超過共晶熔點(diǎn)時(shí)，即沿晶粒間界開裂，產(chǎn)生所謂 熱脆 現(xiàn)象。 特殊的合金元素就決定了它有特殊的性能，它具有良好的耐腐蝕性、耐熱性、低溫強(qiáng)度和機(jī)械性能 ，沖壓、彎曲等熱加工性好，無熱處理硬化現(xiàn)象，無磁性，使用溫度在196