【正文】 時候開始嗎? 學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句的應(yīng)注意的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)一是從句作主語，主句謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)；二是主語從句通常用it作形式主語，尤其是在It is +名詞 / 形容詞 / 過去分詞+that?中，或在It seems / happens that?中，或疑問句中；三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不用形式主語。There’s something in what he 。That’s what I want to 。What he says is true, 。It is natural that they should have different 。He realized that she too was 。如：We discussed whether we should hold a 。The question is whether he can do 。He was sent to the ’s because he was ，是因為他生病了。that, why 與 because 引導(dǎo)表語從句時的區(qū)別雖然三者均可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但 that 沒有詞義，而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外，雖然 why和 because 都可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。That he’ll e is known to us 。請做以下試題：(1)_________ with a good education can apply for the ever(2)_________ has a good education can apply for the ever(3)_________ having a good education can apply for the ever(4)_________ seen smoking here will be ever(5)_________ is seen smoking here will be ever(6)_________ smoking here will be ever(7)_________ smokes here will be ever 第(1)題選C，介詞短語with a good education 為修飾 anyone 的定語； 第(2)題選B，whoever has a good education 為主語從句；第(3)題選C，現(xiàn)在分詞短語having a good education 為修飾 anyone 的定語；第(4)題選C，過去分詞短語seen smoking here 為修飾 anyone 的定語(可視為 anyone who is seen smoking here 之省略)；第(5)題選B，whoever is seen smoking here 為主語從句(from )； 第(6)題選C，現(xiàn)在分詞短語smoking here 為修飾anyone 的定語； 第(7)題B，whoever smokes here 為主語從句。Whoever es first can get a ticket 。其實此題應(yīng)選 A，that 引導(dǎo)的是一個用以修飾名詞 the news 的同位語從句。(句子可改寫為 He said that he would leave when his wife came back.)Tell him that if he is at home I’ll e to see ，如果他在家，我就去看他。句子的正常詞序為 She promised that she would marry him if he had enough if he had enough money 插入動詞 promised 與其賓語從句之間，從而導(dǎo)致許多同學(xué)誤選。The newspapers have implied that they are having an ?！鲈谀承﹦釉~(如answer, imply)之后則一般需要用that。He thinks(that)they will give him a 。引導(dǎo)賓語從句that的省略問題■名詞從句作動詞賓語時，前面的that常被省略，特別是在非正式語體中：I suggested(that)they should drive along the 。既然是引導(dǎo)詞，所以這些詞就總是位于名詞性從句的最前面。正：Goats eat whatever they ：Goats eat no matter what they (兩者可換用)： 無論你說什么，我都不會相信你。至于C、D 的區(qū)別，可這樣描述：no matter what 只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，而不引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。第一篇：名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句講解及練習(xí)定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句講解及練習(xí)名詞性從句whatever與no matter what It is generally considered unwise to give a child __________ her or she matter what matter when 此題應(yīng)選 A。而 whatever 既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(＝anything that)，也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句(＝no matter what)：(只用whatever)： 無論他做什么都是對的。正：Whatever you say，I won’t believe ：No matter what you say，I won’t believe ，都要保持鎮(zhèn)定。要素二：語序 名詞性從句都必須與陳述句語序相同，即“主語＋謂語”。I hoped(that)I would / should 。He thought(that)they would give him 3 。如： He answered that he was from ?！鲈谳^長的句子里，特別在“that從句”與動詞隔開時，that一般不可省略。順便說一句，本來動詞 promise 后接賓語從句時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的 that 是可以省略的，但是按英語習(xí)慣，當(dāng)動詞與其賓語從句之間插有其他成分時，引導(dǎo)賓語從句的 that 通常不宜省略，所以此題不宜選B。(句子可改寫為 Tell him(that)I’ll e to see him if he is at home.)這兩道題考查名詞性從句嗎第1題Don’t you know, my dear friend, _________ it is you that she loves? 【分析】此題容易誤選 A或B，選 A 者認(rèn)為這是指人的，故用 who；選B者認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句，兩者都是誤認(rèn)為這是定語從句(注意沒有先行詞)，其實此題應(yīng)選C，它引導(dǎo)的是一個賓語從句，只是被其中的插入語 my dear friend 隔開罷了。不少同學(xué)之所以誤選B，正是 believe it or not（信不信由你）這個插入成分惹的禍。以上各例中的 whoever 引導(dǎo)的均為主語從句，它們均可換成 anyone who，但不能換成 anyone。that與whether(if)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別兩者均可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也可引導(dǎo)語從句和表語從句(if 通常不行)，但兩者含義不同，whether(if)表示“是否”，that 卻不表示任何含義。類似地，動詞doubt(懷疑)后接賓語從句時，由于 doubt的含義不確定，故通常用 whether(if)來引導(dǎo)其賓語從句，但若 doubt為否定式，則其后的賓語從句用 that 來引導(dǎo)。如：The reason was that you don’t trust 。whether 和if引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別兩者均可用于及物動詞后引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示“是否”，?？苫Q。Answer my question whether you can help 。that與what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句只起連接作用，在從句中不作任何成分，無意義，在賓語從句通常省略，但在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中均不能省略；what除引導(dǎo)從句外，還在從句中作成分，意為“所??的(東西)”，在含義上等于“名詞+that”。My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the 。What(=The thing that)he said was 。What she saw gave her a 。You had better hear what I have to 。Her interest was roused by what he 。一是介詞后(except等除外)一般不跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，但可接疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句； 二是在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后若還有補(bǔ)語時，要用it作形式賓語，而將that從句置于補(bǔ)語之后； 三是當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等時，若賓語從句要表示否定意義，往往要通過否主句來實現(xiàn)，即所謂否定轉(zhuǎn)移；四是雖然引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that有時可以省略，但若賓語從句前有插入語或有間接賓語時，that不能省略；that在與之并列的另一個賓語從句之后或者在“形式賓語it+賓補(bǔ)”之后時也不能省略；that從句單獨(dú)回答問題時，that也不能省略。(1)主語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作主語的從句。注：為避免頭重腳輕，使句子平衡，常用it作形式主語，而將主語從句后置。(2)表語從句就是在連系動詞之后作表語的從句。注意：要區(qū)分以下句式：’s why+結(jié)果；that’s because+原因。(3)賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的從句。I was surprised at what has 。如：The idea that the earth is round is not a new one.“地球是圓的”這種觀點(diǎn)并不新鮮。如：The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheep’s ，他原來是一只披羊皮的狼。：who(m), whose, which, what等均有各自的意義，在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。關(guān)于連接詞的用法，請參見后文。如：She said that his father had gone to 。如：We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with ，我們希望他和我們呆在家里。“it(形式賓語)+補(bǔ)語”之后時。賓語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要用來充作賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。如：I didn’t know(that)he was Li 。, ask, demand, desire, insist(堅決主張), order, propose, request, suggest(建議)等代的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，即：(should)do的形式。即(from )：1)當(dāng)主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句的謂語動詞可用任何所需要的時態(tài)表示。如： He didn’t tell us he came from 。When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the ，人們就告訴我們說中國在世界的東方。同位語中應(yīng)注意：，常見的有：answer, belief, conclusion, decision, discovery, doubt, explanation, fact, hope, idea, information, knowledge, law, message, news, opinion, order, possibility, problem, promise, proof, proposal, question, report, risk, rumor, story, suggestion, truth, theory, thought, wish, word等。如(from )：He made clear his desire that he should work hard to go to 。(2)從句的作用不同。(4)引導(dǎo)詞不同。表語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要當(dāng)一個子句充當(dāng)句子的表語時，這個子句就叫做表語從句。如： What I want to do is(that)I can go up to him and thank 。如：(1)When he was born is 。(2)Isn’t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他測試沒有通過，難道不奇怪嗎？，只能用it作形式主語，放在句首，而將if引導(dǎo)的主語從句放到句末。如；(1)Who has broken the glass is 。使用名詞性從句的兩個注意點(diǎn)注意1 語序問題不管什么詞引導(dǎo)，從句的語序始終用陳述語序。因此，它們所引導(dǎo)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整。(3)He looks as if he knows the 。(2)Do you know if / whether his words are ？ 2)whether可與or not連用，而if則不可以。(1)Let me know whether he will 。Have you decided whether to go there tomorrow? 明天是否去那兒，你決定了嗎？(句子中的whether不能用if替換)5)whether引導(dǎo)的從句可作某些介詞及動詞discuss的賓語，而if則不可以。如：Do you know if he hasn’t been to Washington? 你知道他是否沒有去過