【正文】 applications occasions can patible with single and muftimachine munications. By reading this paper， I hope readers can grasp the ideological basis of this design， for different applications background， developing numerous occasions applied products， such as door access system， nonstop highway toll system， banking services， onecard system， and so on. Key Words： RFID， Reader， Radio Frequency Card， Antenna 理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 III 目 錄 第 1章 緒論 .................................................................................................................... 1 課題研究背景和意義 ....................................................................................... 1 射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................... 1 國外 RFID 現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................... 1 國內(nèi) RFID 現(xiàn)狀 ..................................................................................... 2 本文的研究內(nèi)容及章節(jié)安排 ........................................................................... 3 第 2章 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)分析 ............................................................................................ 4 射頻卡特點(diǎn) ....................................................................................................... 4 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)原理 ........................................................................................... 4 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)組成 ........................................................................................... 5 Mifare1 卡存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) .............................................................................. 6 Mifare 1 卡的讀寫控制 ......................................................................... 7 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)分類 ........................................................................................... 7 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)中信號(hào)的編碼與調(diào)制 ............................................................... 9 基帶編碼 ................................................................................................ 9 數(shù)字調(diào)制技術(shù) ...................................................................................... 10 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的副載波調(diào)制 .............................................................. 10 射頻識(shí)別系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)耐暾? ................................................................. 11 奇偶校驗(yàn) .............................................................................................. 11 縱向冗余校驗(yàn)法（ LRC） ................................................................... 12 循環(huán)冗余碼校驗(yàn)法（ CRC） .............................................................. 12 防碰撞技術(shù) ..................................................................................................... 13 防碰撞技術(shù)的基本原理 ...................................................................... 13 防碰撞算法 .......................................................................................... 13 第 3章 射頻讀卡器硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 15 供電電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................. 15 電路分析與計(jì)算 .................................................................................. 16 電路性能評(píng)估 ...................................................................................... 17 理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 IV 核心模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................... 17 振蕩器電路設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................. 17 微處理器接口電路設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 18 外圍匹配電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 18 微控制器電路設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................... 19 MSP430 單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn) ....................................................................... 20 具 體硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 21 串行通信電路設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................... 21 RS232 接口電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 22 RS485 接口電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 23 USB 接口電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 24 串行日歷時(shí)鐘電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................. 26 液晶屏顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 26 天線及其匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................. 28 天線工作原 理 ...................................................................................... 28 天線設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 29 天線匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 31 第 4章 射頻讀卡器軟件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 32 上位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì)方案 ..................................................................................... 32 通信控件 MSCOMM 的應(yīng)用 .............................................................. 32 串 口通信協(xié)議 ...................................................................................... 34 下位機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì)方案 ..................................................................................... 37 串口通信程序設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 37 射頻卡讀寫程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 37 第 5章 系統(tǒng)測(cè)試 .......................................................................................................... 40 硬件測(cè)試 ...........................................................................................