【正文】 評(píng)： ★ businesses:復(fù)數(shù)形式只作買賣、店鋪、商號(hào)解。 第396條“孳”的詞義未譯出。 譯文①：If the safekeeping duration expires or the depositor wants to obtain the deposited goods, the safekeeping party shall return the original goods and their interest to the depositor. 評(píng)： ★ wants to obtain…..與原文意思有出入，“提前”未譯，“領(lǐng)取”之意也末譯出。 ★ thereof 在前面已談到，指provisions of the laws or administrative regulations, 用此詞組比譯文①簡(jiǎn)潔、鮮明。原文就沒有執(zhí)行的主語，最好用被動(dòng)語態(tài)來處理。 ★ a people’s court不合適，人民法院已成為專有名詞，the people’s court。 譯文①：…… If the other party has objections, it may request a people’s court or an arbitration organization to confirm the rescission. If the rescission of a contract is required to go through approval and registration procedures according to the provisions of laws or administrative regulations, the relevant party shall act accordingly. 評(píng)： ★ the other party has objections 反對(duì)的對(duì)象不清楚，后面應(yīng)該加thereto,即objection to the fact that the contract shall be rescinded（在上文中）這回事。本條款中的therein指的是 “in the contract made by and between…..” 第96條 ★ 用agreement therein把a(bǔ)greement說得非常清楚，指agreement in the contract. ★ therein: in that?！? 評(píng)： ★ a supplementary agreement：意思不明…….that have not been included雖是限制性定語從句，仍末說明包含在什么之中？ ★ Such as 又顯得無處著落，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不嚴(yán)密。又如，要表達(dá)前文提及過的合同的“合同條件、條款”時(shí)，可以譯為“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof” 。 譯文①: Parties shall adhere to the principle of honesty and trust worthiness in exercising their rights and performing their obligations. 評(píng)： ★ 譯文中兩次用their，這種情況在法律語言中是極少的，法律語言中避免用不確定的代詞。 to fix or mark the limits of sth。 ★ each party所指是誰而且條文一開始的parties 也不明確。下面從《中華人民共和國合同法》，以下簡(jiǎn)稱《合同法》，的譯文中舉出一些具體的實(shí)例（譯文①與譯文②進(jìn)行對(duì)照評(píng)解）來說明如何在譯文中使用這些詞（注：譯文②為筆者所譯）。因此翻譯合同等法律文件已成為當(dāng)前研究的一門課題，筆者在這方面的研究已逾十多年，想就法律文件的翻譯談些心得。 關(guān)鍵詞：法律文件；專業(yè)詞匯；句子結(jié)構(gòu) Talk on Translation of Legal Documents and Contract Documents Commenting on Parts of English Version of the translation of the Contract Law of People’s Republic of ChinaFu Weiliang(English Department, Beijing Second Foreign Language Institute, Beijing 100024) Abstract: After China ’s entry into WTO, the study of translation of legal documents, such as the translation of economic laws, regulations and rules, and contract documents, will surely bee a important research topic for translators. This article discusses sufficiently, on the basis of past experience, some language characteristics in the translation of legal documents, which shall be paid attention to. The article also provides detailed ments on the different English versions of translating the Contract Law to show some practical skills of translation of legal documents. Key words: legal documents。編號(hào)：時(shí)間：2021年x月x日書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟頁碼：第20頁 共20頁合同法律文件翻譯談?wù)劇吨腥A人民共和國合同法》的部分譯文作者：傅偉良(北京第二外國語學(xué)院 英語系 100024)摘要：隨著我國加入世貿(mào)組織，對(duì)法律文件翻譯的研究，比如經(jīng)濟(jì)法規(guī)、合同文件的翻譯研究，將成為我們翻譯工作者的一個(gè)重要課題。 legal terminology。 一．翻譯合同法的用詞特點(diǎn) 合同法的語言，自成體系，具有自己個(gè)性與特點(diǎn)，語言要求準(zhǔn)確、正規(guī)、鮮明，有自身一套用詞路數(shù)及專業(yè)用語，使行文簡(jiǎn)潔明確。 第五條 可改為： 譯文②：The parties to the contract shall ply with the principle of fairness in defining the rights and obligations of the parties thereto. 評(píng)： ★ 譯文中的thereto限制了parties，指的是the parties to the contract, 也就是用一個(gè)thereto代替了文中的3個(gè)“to the contract,”使行文簡(jiǎn)潔、明了、準(zhǔn)確。 to make distinct。所以應(yīng)該刪去their, 以thereof來限定為合同規(guī)定的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。 第61條英文的含義與原文出入很大。 in that particular context。 ★ it may request……，合同法律文件中很少用代詞it來代表某一方，應(yīng)該用the party in question 來限定，使之不發(fā)生歧義或誤解。 ★ to confirm the rescission 欠譯。 ★ act accordingly 語言欠正規(guī)、確切。 ★ shall be plied with 正規(guī)的法律語言。 ★ goods指貨物，原文中是保管物，未指明是貨物，有出入。 譯文②：If the safekeeping duration expires or the depositor claims and retrieves the article before the expiry date, the safekeeping party shall return to the depositor the original article and the interest generated therefrom. 評(píng)： ★ claims and retrieves：系同義詞連用，取兩個(gè)字的相同的詞義，因?yàn)?claim除了索取，取回外，還有索賠之意，retrieves除有領(lǐng)取、領(lǐng)回外還有失了復(fù)得，找回，檢回之意，兩個(gè)連用，只取兩詞義相同的部分：即取回，領(lǐng)取，這樣避免產(chǎn)生歧義。作事務(wù)、職責(zé)、任務(wù)解是不可數(shù)的，所以應(yīng)用business. ★ under which…… which所指何物？不清楚，容易產(chǎn)生歧意、產(chǎn)生誤解 ★ business 很少與for短語連用 譯文②：A mission contract refers to a contract between the missioning party and the missioned party whereby the missioned party shall handle the business of the missioning party. 評(píng)； ★ 對(duì)原中文條款進(jìn)行“語內(nèi)譯”可以理順中文的條款的內(nèi)含，即委托人和受托人簽訂的是委托合同，憑借這個(gè)合同，委托人的事務(wù)由受托人處理。 by the following terms and conditions etc. 憑此協(xié)議，憑此條款等等，此詞常用于合同協(xié)議書中，引出合同當(dāng)事人應(yīng)承擔(dān)的主要合同義務(wù)。上文中hereby:特此之意。 ★ herein 這也是法律文件中常用的字：in this, in the statement。 本法所稱對(duì)外貿(mào)易，是指貨物進(jìn)出口、技術(shù)進(jìn)出口和國際服務(wù)貿(mào)易。 2．關(guān)于shall的用法 在合同等法律文件中，表示強(qiáng)制性承擔(dān)責(zé)任、履行義務(wù)，即中文中常用的“應(yīng)該”，“必須”等字眼時(shí)，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該用shall，而不能用“must” 或 “should”.有時(shí)可以用will，但力度不如 shall強(qiáng)。 例2： All disputes arising from the performance of this contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall be applied. 文中： ★ 3個(gè)shall都表示應(yīng)履行的責(zé)任。 ★ the Parties hereto: the Parties to this Contract 本合同雙方。 3．用詞的專業(yè)性 對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)合同等法律性文件要求使用書面的正規(guī)用語，以維護(hù)法律文件的尊嚴(yán)及權(quán)威性。 譯文①：Parties shall enjoy the right to sign contracts on their own according to law, and no unit or individual shall interfere illegally unless legally authorized to do so. 評(píng)： ★ enjoy: to have for one’s use, benefit, to take pleasure 之意帶有感情色彩，非正式用詞。簽訂合同的動(dòng)詞可以單獨(dú)用conclude or enter into ( a contract ),或者由下列幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的任意兩個(gè)的組合，即同義詞連用：sign, conclude, make, enter into (a contract ), 單獨(dú)用sign contract是不能表達(dá)簽訂合同之意。依法成立的合同，對(duì)當(dāng)事人具有法律約束力。 ★ The parties：是指簽訂合同的雙方，所以應(yīng)有所交待，有所限制，可用thereto限定，即：parti