【正文】 百萬(wàn)、千萬(wàn)、億、十億等都是用10的倍數(shù)來(lái)表達(dá)的。漢譯英時(shí)遇到以上數(shù)字時(shí)，譯員必須很快推算出與其相對(duì)應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)數(shù)位和表達(dá)方式：漢語(yǔ)萬(wàn)十萬(wàn)千萬(wàn)億英語(yǔ)ten thousandhundred thousandten millionhundred million英譯漢時(shí)則要做相反的推算和轉(zhuǎn)換。很多人（書(shū)） many people（books）很多水（啤酒）much water（beer）很多人（水） a lot of people (water)大量的參考書(shū) a large number of reference books大量有用的信息 a large quantity of useful information大批的產(chǎn)品（食物） large quantities of products (food)你要多少（面包）就拿多少。譯員可根據(jù)具體情況采取以下做法：1．三位以內(nèi)數(shù)字的口譯三位以內(nèi)數(shù)字的漢英互譯在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上基本一致，各數(shù)字都有相應(yīng)的詞，無(wú)須推算，只要按英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣讀出數(shù)字就行了。例如，英譯漢時(shí)，聽(tīng)到英語(yǔ)數(shù)字時(shí)，特別是較為復(fù)雜的數(shù)字和系列數(shù)字時(shí)，立即用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字記錄下來(lái)，記錄的同時(shí)按英語(yǔ)數(shù)位分段法，從后往前每三位數(shù)為一段，用一個(gè)逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。漢譯英時(shí)，也是把聽(tīng)到的數(shù)字用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字記錄下來(lái)，從后往前，每三位用一逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，然后用英語(yǔ)讀出每位數(shù)就行了。3,000,000可記錄成“3,—,—”或者“3，”。 a few。 less/no more than twenty三十來(lái)個(gè)——about/ around thirty幾十個(gè)——dozens of 幾十年——decades十幾歲——in one39。英漢互譯時(shí)要特別注意不同的英語(yǔ)句型和表達(dá)方法所表示的倍數(shù)概念與漢語(yǔ)不同。根據(jù)以上規(guī)律，請(qǐng)看下面英語(yǔ)句子的漢譯：(1) The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的大小是月球的49倍。(4) Although London covers less than 400,000 acres, it needs nearly 50 million acre125 times its areato provide it with food, timber, and other resources, and to absorb its pollution.雖然倫敦占地不到40萬(wàn)英畝，卻需要近5000萬(wàn)英畝的土地——125倍于它本身的面積——來(lái)供給它食品，原木和其他資源，并吸收它產(chǎn)生的污染物。第二類表示凈增倍數(shù)。The sales volume of portable phones of this pany increased nearly twice last year.The sales volume of portable phones of this pany nearly doubled last year.漢語(yǔ)增加倍數(shù)的說(shuō)法很多，英譯時(shí)，首先要仔細(xì)區(qū)分是包括基數(shù)在內(nèi)的增加倍數(shù)還是凈增倍數(shù)，然后決定用N times 還是（N+1）times 來(lái)表達(dá)。The per capita living space for urban residents in China expanded from square meters in 1978 to square meters in 1997, a rise of times.(4) 1949年至1998年, , , %, 。例如：(1) 由于水災(zāi)，去年的收成減少了三成。In 1998，the targets of restructuring governmental institutions were met. Departments under the State Council were reduced from 40 to 29 and personnel were cut nearly by half.6. 增/減百分比的口譯“增/減了百分之幾”英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的含義一致，都表示凈增或凈減百分?jǐn)?shù)。s sales and profits grew 71 percent and 80 percent respectively；meanwhile, Nike39。 Gamble just raised prices on its paper products by as much as 8%.(美國(guó)) 普羅科特—甘布爾公司剛剛把他們的紙制品價(jià)格提高了8%。(6) In America, the number of people engaged in farming as their principle of occupation fell to 961,560 in 1997, down percent from 1992, while the number between (the age of) 25 to 34 fell 28 percent.在美國(guó)以農(nóng)業(yè)為主要職業(yè)的人數(shù)1997下降到961，560人，%，而年齡在25到34歲的人數(shù)下降了28%。As a result of Asian financial crises, China’s total volume of import and export in 1998 dropped by percent over the previous year, of which the volume of import went down by percent, and the value of export went up by percent.3) 增/減率be …% increase/ rise /growth… be …% decrease/drop /decline…an increase / a rise / a growth rate of …%a decrease / drop / decline of …%be …% up /down …be up / down…%例如：1999年，中國(guó)外貿(mào)出口達(dá)1949億美元，%。The area of soil erosion in China has been increasing by 10,000 square km. annually to million square km. at present, accounting for nearly 38 percent of the total land area.由于低溫多雨的影響, 我國(guó)夏糧減產(chǎn)1460萬(wàn)噸?？谧g教學(xué)要集中一段時(shí)間專門(mén)進(jìn)行數(shù)字口譯訓(xùn)練。 香港特別行政區(qū)人口為678萬(wàn)人。平均每年增加1279萬(wàn)人，%。五、年齡構(gòu)成祖國(guó)大陸31個(gè)省、自治區(qū)、直轄市和現(xiàn)役軍人的人口中，０14 歲的人口為28979萬(wàn)人。同1990年第四次全國(guó)人口普查相比，漢族人口增加了1,1692萬(wàn)人，%；各少數(shù)民族人口增加了1523萬(wàn)人，%。八、城鄉(xiāng)人口祖國(guó)大陸 31個(gè)省、自治區(qū)、直轄市的人口中，居住在城鎮(zhèn)的人口 45594萬(wàn)人，占總?cè)丝诘?% ；居住在鄉(xiāng)村的人口80739 萬(wàn)人，%。人口最多的是中國(guó)，有12億，再加上香港的630萬(wàn)。印度的人口增長(zhǎng)率持續(xù)超過(guò)中國(guó)。預(yù)計(jì)到2025年，非洲的人口將達(dá)到14億。其次是德國(guó)，有824 0萬(wàn)人。預(yù)計(jì)到2025年，北美洲的人口將達(dá)到36900萬(wàn)。 million persons had received senior secondary education (including secondary technical school education)。 and number of people with primary education decreased from 37,057 to 35,701.Of the people enumerated in the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and servicemen of the mainland of China, million persons were illiterate (. people over 15 years of age who cannot read or can read very little). Compared with the percent of illiterate people in the 1990 population census, the proportion has dropped to percent, or down by percentage points.Ⅷ. Urban and Rural Population.In the 31 provinces, autonomous r