【正文】
術(shù)創(chuàng)新、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)與聚集效應(yīng)在不同的環(huán)境中有不同的表現(xiàn),本文利用全國(guó)的時(shí)間序列資料和計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)模型分析了它們之間的關(guān)系,借助理論模型分析了在多產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)階段,差異化產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)之間的聯(lián)系,分析結(jié)果表明技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有顯著的滯后關(guān)系,聚集的溢出效應(yīng)對(duì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新沒(méi)有顯著關(guān)系。關(guān)鍵詞:技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),聚集,溢出效應(yīng)Empirical Analysis of Relationships among Innovation, Economic Growth and Agglomeration Spillover Effects YU Zhen (School of Economics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 PR CHINA )Abstract: The relationships of Innovation, economic growth and agglomeration spillover have different appearances in different circumstances, in order to explain their relationships it uses national time series data and econometric model .It also uses theory model to research the contraction of innovation and growth on different products in multiprocess .The results show that innovation has a lagged relationship with growth and no significant relationship with agglomeration spillover. Key words: innovation, economic growth, agglomeration, spillover 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家非常重視技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的作用,他們認(rèn)為技術(shù)創(chuàng)新是衡量國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的一項(xiàng)重要指標(biāo),也是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的原動(dòng)力,與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)關(guān)系密切。對(duì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)關(guān)系的研究,首先是索洛Solow(1957)采用的分解法,他認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是資本、勞動(dòng)和技術(shù)共同的結(jié)果,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)歸因于不同投資的貢獻(xiàn),無(wú)法歸因的要素投入的剩余部分被認(rèn)為是技術(shù)進(jìn)步的貢獻(xiàn),稱(chēng)為“索洛剩余”,這是有關(guān)技術(shù)進(jìn)步或者技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的最早觀點(diǎn)。由于RD有溢出效應(yīng),其社會(huì)受益會(huì)大于企業(yè)的私人收益。技術(shù)創(chuàng)新還能提供新的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù),開(kāi)辟新的產(chǎn)品和消費(fèi)市場(chǎng),帶動(dòng)消費(fèi)水平的提高,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。斯密認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是勞動(dòng)力增加和勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率提高的結(jié)果,勞動(dòng)力的數(shù)量增加必須增加對(duì)勞動(dòng)力的資金投入。熊彼特用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來(lái)解釋經(jīng)濟(jì)周期,他認(rèn)為在經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的不同階段技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)是變化的,在經(jīng)濟(jì)周期的繁榮階段,勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)充分工資水平提高,資本家的利潤(rùn)水平會(huì)隨著職工工資水平的上升而下降,因此資本家會(huì)加速對(duì)成本節(jié)約方面的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新,當(dāng)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新在一個(gè)方面取得突破時(shí),新技術(shù)的溢出效