【正文】 vices or sell products, request material or information, answer customer enquiries, maintain public relations, and serve other various business functions.Generally speaking, business letters work as an effective way to convey and get information. Despite the facts that facetoface oral munication can give message and some cases can be handled over phone. However, few business people want to visit every client one by one, particularly in the society in which the concept that time is money is prevailing for any timeconsuming and expensive idea would be abandoned. What are worse, people are not sure to obtain pletely what they hear. As a result, letter remains the best form to secure that the message is accurately sent or received。畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計)Pragmatic Principles in English Business Correspondence1. Introduction 12. Introduction to English business correspondence 3 Definition of business correspondence 3 Functions of English business correspondence 3 Characteristics of English business correspondence 4 Completeness 5 Concreteness 5 Clearness 6 Conciseness 6 Courtesy 6 Consideration 7 Correctness 73. Pragmatic Principles in English business correspondence 8 Brief Introduction to Pragmatic Principles 8 Grice39。 even it is describing technical or highly detailed information.Business letters also function as written contract recognized by courts. Letters of agreement, contract, treaty, etc. are often drawn up by and between panies and independent parties have the function of stipulation, which means that these documents are binding on both sides signed. The side that breaks the terms will take political, economical or moral responsibilities.Besides, business letters serve as a part of a pany39。 attention and to persuade them into believing what you said.”（廖英, 2002: 95）Therefore, a business letter must be accurate and appropriate, or it will bring great inconveniences or losses to business.“Practical English writing, especially business English writing is the model of practical language. Its main function is to inform or remind counterpart or public of a certain thing or public affairs and ask them to act according to the rules stimulated in what is written. Then, what should an effective business letter be like? The above mentioned the fact that such a practical writing has its specific language style, that is, the essential language features which are called the seven Cs: pleteness, concreteness, clearness, conciseness, courtesy, consideration and correctness.” (廖英, 2002: 97116) CompletenessCompleteness is often shown both in form and in content of a business letter. Every letter should include the necessary parts. Lacking of any part of a business letter is not plete in form. The writers have to pay attention to the form of letter, at the same time, should keep in mind that a business correspondence is very successful and highly effective only when it consists of two aspects, pleteness of fact and pleteness of explanations. ConcretenessAny kind of practical English writing should be specific, definite and persuasive instead of being vague, general and abstract. In a general and vague message, everything seems to be mentioned but actually few are fully expounded. Especially for contracts, agreements, and business letters calling for specific reply, concreteness must be always stressed. Using specific facts, figures and time can help write concretely and vividly. ClearnessClearness is one of the main language features of English business correspondence. The writer should make sure that the content is clear so it can39。 shoes and try to imagine the reactions of them，keep in mind what their needs, wishes, interests, problems are and how to meet their requirements when writing business letters. CorrectnessPractical English writing for international business must be correct。s the nature of business munication. The appropriate manipulation of the maxims of CP in business letters leads to successful achievement of business municative goals. Now it is time to analyze the application of CP in English business correspondence. Quantity Maxim and the pleteness and concreteness principle The maxim of Quantity, concerned with the quantity of information provided, has two aspects, one of them is: Making contribution as informative as is required (for the present purpose of the exchange). (Grice, 1975: 45) Completeness in business letter is the demonstration of the maxim of Quantity. A plete letter should include all the relevant information that the readers need to act upon or answer all the questions and demands which are put forward in a received letter which in fact is a concluding contract. Once the letter is received by the addressee, it is binding on both sides. There is an example below. We were pleased to receive your letter of May1, 1999 and thank you for your interest in our women’s leather shoes. As you know, prices for leather are now on the increase and there is considerable demand for leather shoes at home. Our output falls out of the demand at present. However, for the quantity you mentioned, we are pleased to offer as follows, subject to your acceptance reaching here by May 30, 1 999: 400 pairs women’s leather shoes.Color: black and redSize: 34, 35amp。s Cooperative Principle cannot account for some deliberate linguistic strategies or skills in munication. In other words, it fails to explain why people are often indirect in conveying what they mean. As a result, it gives room for the development of politeness theories. What is “politeness”? There arise different views in the field of politeness research. Lakoff (1973: 292305) hold that “politeness is a device used in order to reduce friction in personal interaction”. Another scholar Leech (1983: 104) also pointed out that, “politeness is a matter of degree. Different kinds and degrees of politeness are called for in different situations.”. In China, He Zhaoxiong (2000: 216)