【正文】 本書，書名我忘了。I picked up the apples, some of which were badly bruised. 我揀起那些蘋果，其中有一些傷得很厲害。(引導(dǎo)詞but) He led us to a place where we have never been before. 他把我們帶到了我們以前從未去過的地方。根據(jù)關(guān)系詞的用法不同，關(guān)系詞又分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，其中關(guān)系代詞有that, which, who, whom, whose, as, but等，關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why等。如：The boy who is singing at the stage is only nine years old. 在舞臺(tái)上唱歌的那個(gè)男孩今年才九歲。注意：這里的of which不能用whose代替，這與表示所屬關(guān)系的of which不同：The room the door of which (=whose door) is blue belongs to me. 門是藍(lán)色的那間房是我的。在非限制性定語從句中，表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí)，用…of which/whom或者of which/whom…都可以。如：He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他與一位歌唱家結(jié)了婚，你可能聽說過這個(gè)人。3. of表示所屬關(guān)系：即of用于構(gòu)成所有格。2. of表示整體與部分的關(guān)系：即用于“部分+of+整體(which, whom)”結(jié)構(gòu)。of whom和of which用法歸納1. of表示同位關(guān)系：即用于在A+of+B結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的A和B為同位關(guān)系。如：He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb. 他和一隊(duì)人一起去了，其中沒有幾個(gè)人配有進(jìn)行這樣一次登山的適當(dāng)裝備。如：He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他寫了一本書，書名我給忘了。(介詞of與動(dòng)詞hear構(gòu)成固定搭配，意為“聽說”)注意：介詞of后面除接關(guān)系代詞which, whom外，有時(shí)也可能是whose。表示部分的可以是具體數(shù)目或百分?jǐn)?shù)，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等。英語定語從句的3個(gè)重要概念：1. 定義：用來修飾某個(gè)名詞、代詞或整個(gè)句子的從句就叫做定語從句。(現(xiàn)行詞是名詞) Anyone that is willing to help others is wele to our group. 任何愿意幫助他人的人都?xì)g迎來參加我們的組織。關(guān)系詞既起連接先行詞與定語從句的作用，又做從句中的某個(gè)句子成分。 (引導(dǎo)詞where) of whom/which引導(dǎo)的定語從句：在非限制性定語從句中，先行詞作為一個(gè)整體，表示整體中的一部分，即表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí)，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我買了一打雞蛋，六個(gè)在我失手掉了盒子時(shí)摔碎了。句中的the name of which=whose name。在非限制性定語從句中，表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí)，用…of which/whom或者of which/whom…都可以。注意：這里的of which不能用whose代替，這與表示所屬關(guān)系的of which不同：The room the door of which (=whose door) is blue belongs to me. 門是藍(lán)色的那間房是我的在非限制性定語從句中，先行詞作為一個(gè)整體，表示整體中的一部分，即表示“部分與整體”的關(guān)系時(shí)，用…of which / whom或者of which / whom…都可以。I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我買了一打雞蛋，六個(gè)在我失手掉了盒子時(shí)摔碎了。句中的the name of which=whose name。如： Look, there es Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour. 瞧，湯姆來啦，我等他等了一個(gè)小時(shí)。She came into the house, on whose wall there was a portrait of Einstein. 她進(jìn)入了房間，房子的墻壁上有一張愛因斯坦的畫像。如：The man with whom you talked just now is our manager. —The man who you talked with just now is our manager. 你剛才與他談話的那個(gè)人就是我們的經(jīng)理。如：Last week, I visited Shanghai, in which I have made several friends. —Last week, I visited Shanghai, where I have made several friends. 上周我參觀了上海，在那兒我叫上幾個(gè)朋友。如：In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前有一棵樹，鳥兒正在樹上唱歌。如：Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now? 你認(rèn)識(shí)跟那個(gè)男談話的女孩嗎？(talk 究竟接to, with還是接about, 這該由動(dòng)詞及現(xiàn)行詞一起決定) (4) 復(fù)合介詞+關(guān)系代詞。注意：當(dāng)定語從句的動(dòng)詞與介詞是不可分割的固定搭配時(shí)，介詞不能放到關(guān)系代詞之前。01. Eric received training in puter for one year, ___B___ he found a job in a big pany.(遼寧)A. after that B. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that07. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us ___B___ we gave some bells and glasses. (湖南)A. to which___D___ she had e. (重慶)A. of which(注意搭配live in)The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已經(jīng)找到了。如：The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.不能說成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.(2) 看定語從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配 (from )He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他我要去參考一些我不熟悉的參考書。(注意搭配on the day)3. 考查表示所屬關(guān)系的of which [whom]On the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence, the meaning of which I don’t understand. 老師在黑板上寫了一個(gè)句子，句子的意思我不明白。(注意搭配several of them) 5. 考查表示同位關(guān)系的of which [whom]Her sons, both of whom work abroad, rang her up this morning. 她的兩個(gè)兒子都在國外工作，今天早上給她來了電話。 7. of which 8. from which9. to whom 10. of which 11. of whom 12. of whom13. of which 14. of which, of which 限制性定語從句： 限制性定語從句對(duì)先行詞起限制、修飾的作用，關(guān)系代詞有that,which,whom,who,whose以及關(guān)系副詞when,where等，沒有明顯的逗號(hào)把從句與主語分開，表達(dá)的意思為被修飾詞的一個(gè)定語。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very ，是我們上個(gè)月買的。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。從意義上講，限制性定語從句用來修飾先行詞，兩者密不可分；而非限制性定語從句僅僅對(duì)先行詞作補(bǔ)充性敘述或說明，兩者關(guān)系不那么緊密。 （2） 非限制性定語從句譯成后置的并列分句 In almost all developing countries, economic development depends upon growth in export trade, which in turn creates jobs and raises living standards. 幾乎所有的發(fā)展中國家經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展都依賴于出口貿(mào)易的增長，而出口的增長又有助于創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和提高人民的生活水平。 （5） 有的定語從句，從意義上看實(shí)際相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句，表示原因，目的，結(jié)果，讓步等關(guān)系。 一、that不能用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 二、除which外，還可用when，where，whose，whom等引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且各自的用法及差異與它們用在限制性定語從句時(shí)相同。 (關(guān)系副詞where指代表示地點(diǎn)的名詞Macao，并在從句中作狀語。 【考例三】 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm,______many people have gone home. A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which time 【解析】 先行詞5:30 pm與time之間是一種同位關(guān)系，可用which來作定語替代。如： He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved as his own mother. 他迫切地