【正文】 nguage change seems to be the continual process of cultural t________ across generations.7.The meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning ponents called semantic f_______.6.The way that new words are coined from already existing words by “subtracting ” an affix thought to be part of the old word is called b_______.5.The phonetic transcription, n______ transcription ,is normally used by phoneticians to give minute and detailed descriptions of speech sounds.4.I________ motivation refers to learners learning the second language for enjoyment or pleasure from learning.3.The totality of linguistic varieties possessed by an individual constitutes his linguistic r_______.2.問卷（課程代碼06422） (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word, whose initial letter has been given.1.49. T31. C20. general21. D18. Siciolinguistics15. Cohort16. Sense 12. 10. pragmatics7. Langue4. Universal3. Resultative a tree diagram for the surface structure of A man will find the dog restrictionD. performanceAccording to F .de Saussure,____ refers to the system of language .A. langueD. all of the aboveB. vocabularyC. antonymyThe sense relation for the pair of words doctor and patient is __A. synonymyD. theyB. butOf the following words ,____ belongs to the open class word .A. D. disco35C. imlb34. HallidayB. F. Saussure B. free morphemeD. intrinsicB. resultativeD. PatterningB. FormalizationC. has arrow in the phrase structure rule S→NP VP is read as ___.A. is equal toB. Synonym refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form ,. Different words are identical in sound or spelling ,or in both .A. C. abbreviationD. attitudeB. petenceB. Etymology independent system of the second language which is of neither the second language is known as i______.14. The sound ［p］in pit is pronounced with a strong puff of air, which is said to be a________.15. C_______ model states that in word prehension words are analyzed by hearers from beginning to end.16. S______ is concerned with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form and is the collection of all the features of the linguistic form .17. Major lexical categories are Noun, Verb , Adjective , and P___________.18. S_______ is the subfield of linguistics that studies the relation between linguistic and society between the uses of language and social structures.19. P________ is問卷課程代碼06422） (20%)Fill in the following blanks with a word ,whose initial letter has been given.1. The 3 branches of phonetics are labeled articulatory phonetics ,auditory phonetics ,and a__________m_________ pair .3. R__________options are available .6. The articulatory apparatus of human being are contained in 3 important areas :the p______ cavity，the oral cavity ,and the nasal cavity.7. L________refers to the sense relation between a more general ,more inclusive word and a more specific word .9. The description of a language at a given point in time is a s______ study.10. The study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful munication is called p_________.11. The structure corresponding to the final syntactic output of the sentence which results from appropriate transformations is called s______concerned with the progress of language prehension and production.20. Linguistics studies not any particular language ,but languages in g____.D. Morphology22. ___ aims to discover how speech sounds in a language form patterns and how these sounds are used to convey meaning in linguistic munication .A. PhoneticsD. PhonotacticsB. PidginD. Creole26. The traditional and the only way to study the brain in the past was through ____ studies .A. experimental B. surgicalD. observationalPolysemyD. Homonymy of neighbouring sound is , for the most part ,caused by articulatory or physiological progress .__. morpheme a linguistic study aims to describe and analyzed the language people actually use ,it is said to be ___A. descriptiveC. synchronicWhich of the following English words is formed by clipping ?A. smogemai38B. quantityD. manner act theoryV. Write a passage of 120150 words on the following topic .(15%)56. What are the major views concerning the study of meaning ?6. pharyngeal8. Hyponymydiaglossia14. aspirated27. D29. A34.36. A43. F46. F[ l ] are allophones of the same one phoneme /l/.D. utteranceB. voiceless, labiodental, fricativeC. voiced , bilabial, stoprule “S→NP VP”， the arrow can be read as _______.A. is equal toC. hasD declarationsC. N. Chomsky. Halliday motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language because of the wish to identify with the target culture.A. InstrumentalC. homonyms B. diachronicC . J. SearleB. voicedD. morphemes are classified into several kinds .This kind to which ‘girl ’ andC. emotive(20%)36.A phoneme is the smallest Predication analysis was proposed by the British lin