英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)-wenkub
2023-04-19 01:44:40 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 來(lái)時(shí)與將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；以及將來(lái)時(shí)不同結(jié)構(gòu)的比較。另外，當(dāng)be表示根據(jù)時(shí)間或事先安排，肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)The shop closes at 11 p．m. every day. My plane takes off at 10 a．m. The film starts at seven o39。t catch it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.5表示現(xiàn)在，用于使說(shuō)話(huà)者的口氣委婉，有時(shí)帶有“試探性”的口氣I wondered/ was wondering if you could help me. I thought you might like these books.6It39。如：I read the novel last month. (只說(shuō)明上個(gè)月看了，不涉及現(xiàn)在是否記住)I lived in Beijing for ten years.(只說(shuō)明在北京住過(guò)十年，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān))4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)剛結(jié)束或該動(dòng)作還將進(jìn)行1未完成性和暫時(shí)性區(qū)別：They have built a factory. They have been building a factory.2含有一定的感情色彩，有時(shí)表示根據(jù)直接或間接的證據(jù)得出的結(jié)論— You look very tired. — I have been playing football the whole afternoon.3有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，如work, study, live, teach, stay等，在表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間時(shí)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，這兩種時(shí)態(tài)含義差不多(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性)I have lived/ have been living here since 1980.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別：兩者都可以表示“從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”，在含義上如著重表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果時(shí)，多用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如著重表示動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行，即動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性時(shí)，則多用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。5. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)：表過(guò)去的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，如果一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一個(gè)動(dòng)作之前，那么發(fā)生在前的就用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”， 常用于復(fù)合句中，或某些含有虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子中1在by, by then, by that time, by the end of, by the time, until, before, since后接表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)，或從句中動(dòng)詞以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。t ever going to find it.6. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1表示說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話(huà)時(shí)；表近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃；go, e, work, start, leave, stay等起止動(dòng)作可用進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)He is teaching English and learning Chinese.I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight. He is graduating.At six I am bathing the baby.2與always，often，constantly, continuously等頻度副詞連用，表經(jīng)常反復(fù)的行為或某種感情色彩The girl is always talking loud in public. He is constantly leaving his things about.3下面四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞不宜用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。除有上下文暗示外，一般與特定時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday. The first time I saw him, he was studying in his study.2某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，其中一個(gè)在由when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中He broke his legs while he was playing football.3表說(shuō)話(huà)人過(guò)去對(duì)主語(yǔ)行為的贊嘆、厭惡等，與always, often, constantly, continuously等頻度副詞連用He was always blowing his own trumpt. 老王賣(mài)瓜，自賣(mài)自夸。re going to have a party tonight.3be ＋ doinggo, e, start, move, leave, arrive等詞可用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作He is moving to the south. Are they leaving for Europe?4be about to ＋動(dòng)詞原形表示安排或計(jì)劃中的馬上就要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)I was about to leave when the bell rang. The meeting is about to close.5be to ＋動(dòng)詞原形表示按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)；表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等；表示“注定會(huì)成為”； 可用于條件、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中表示“想要”We39。ll fall off.9. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：參照一般將來(lái)時(shí)，一般不獨(dú)立使用。His coat got caught between the 。如：It is believed that..., It is generally considered that..., It is said that..., It is well known that..., It must be pointed out that..., It is supposed that..., It is reported that..., It must be admitted that..., It is hoped that... 上述句型還可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“主語(yǔ)＋be ＋過(guò)去分詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”。如：under control/ treatment / discussion / construction / repair, beyond belief / recognition / imagination /one39。如：His plan proves to be practical. Silk feels smooth.表主語(yǔ)性質(zhì)特征的動(dòng)詞：read, write, act, iron, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink 與well, easily, smoothly, badly等修飾語(yǔ)連用。如for, recently未必只跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”不一定適用相同的時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)境是關(guān)鍵。t speaking D. didn39。s terrible during the rush hour.A. have you left B. do you leave C. would you leave D. are you leaving6. Minister Bill De Blasio ________ in office fewer than 48 hours when he came face to face with his biggest challenge in his life. A. has been B. had been C. would be D. is7. — Have you got any job offers?— No, I ________. Hopefully, I will get one by the end of this month.A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting8. — That must have been a terrible experience.— Yeah. I ________ in the damaged car, unable to move.A. was stuck B. have been stuck C. am stuck D. had been stuck9. — Hi, 39。s great to be back.A. lived B. had lived C. have lived D. live13. CCTV Spring Festival Gala is part of
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