【正文】 ity to convert assets already received or held into known amounts of cash or claims to cash.譯文：已實現(xiàn)和可實現(xiàn)這兩個術語涉及到企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品或服務向現(xiàn)金或收取現(xiàn)金的要求權的轉化。例如，在談應收賬款周轉率時就不能僅僅看其自身周轉速度的快慢，還應該看其對存貨周轉的影響：不能因為過分強調債權回收而制約了存貨周轉。三、問答題（每題12分，共36分）1. 有人認為，凈現(xiàn)值法是理論上最科學的投資決策方法，請從凈現(xiàn)值法的特點出發(fā)，對上述說法進行評論。（2）披露是指披露與財務報表主體內外相關的財務信息，包括在財務報表中使用的存在一種以上選擇的方法，或不常用的方法，或者是創(chuàng)新性的方法。D=decrease the ratio, I=increase the ratio, NE=no effect on this ratio.（1）____________Current ration is 3 to 1: Paid a large account payable.（2）____________Return on mon stockholders’ equity is 15%。B. Total paidincapital is increased。D. Ine for 2002 will not be affected.E. None of these.（9）The adjusting entries to record depreciation or amortization expense, writedown assets that have bee impaired:A. Reduce both the net ine and cash balances。s wealth。 $78000 net cash used by financing activities.（7）A stock dividendA. Increase the debttoequity ratio of a firm。B. $92000 net cash used by investing activities。B. Failure to record interest accrued on a note payable。第一部分為英文部分（共70分），第二部分為中文部分（共80分）。第一部分：英文部分1. Give a brief explanation for the following terms （8 points）（1）Useful life.（2）The main elements of the financial statements.（3）The purpose of adjusting entries.（4）Lowerofcostormarket2. Translate the following statements into Chinese. （9 points）（1）The terms realized and realizable refer to the conversion or ready convertibility of the enterprise’s product or service into cash or claims to cash. Realized means that the firm’s product or service has been converted to cash or claims to cash, while realizable has been defined as the ability to convert assets already received or held into known amounts of cash or claims to cash.（2）To understand financial statements and to be able to interpret the “figures” wisely, you must have a certain level of knowledge of the concepts and the measurement procedures used in the accounting process. You should learn what accounting “is really like” and appreciate the reasons for using certain procedures.3. Please read the following passage carefully and fill in each of the blanks with a word most appropriate to the context. （6 points） The purpose of a statement of cash flows is to （ 1 ）information （ 2 ）cash（ 3 ）and cash（ 4 ）during the（ 5 ）. The statement describes the nature of the pany39。C. Failure to make the adjusting entry to record revenue which had been earned butnot yet billed to clients。C. $92000 net cash used by investing activities。B. Decrease future earnings per share。E. None of the above.（8）A pany had sales in both 2001 and 2002 of $200000. Cost of sales for 2001 was $150000. In puting the cost of sales for 2001, an item of inventory purchased in 2001 for $100 was incorrectly written down to current replacement cost of $65. The item is currently selling in 2002 for $180, its normal selling price. As a result of this error:A. Ine for 2001 is overstated。B. Reduce net ine, but have no direct effect on cash balances。C. The reissuance in treated as an extraordinary item in the corporation’s ine statement。 Issued 10% bonds and invested the proceeds to earn 12%.（3）____________Debt ratio: Declared a cash dividend, to be paid in three months.（4）____________Earnings per share: Declared and paid a 10% stock dividend in Common stock to holders of mon stock.（5）____________Quick ratio: Wrote off an uncollectible account receivable against the allowance account.6. Translate the following statements from Chinese into English. （14 Points）（1）年度報告是財務報告程序中的一部分。7. Bonds payable （12 points）On April 30, 2002, XY Company issued $6000000 face amount of 10%, 10year bonds payable, with interest payable each June 30 and December 31. The pany received cash of $ 608400, including the accrued interest from December 31, 2001. XY uses the straightline method of amortizing any discount and premium over the remaining life of the bonds—116 months.Requirement。2. 比較分批成本法與分步成本法的特點。回答下列問題：1．應該從哪幾個方面對應收賬款質量進行分析？2．應該從哪幾個方面對存貨質量進行分析。已實現(xiàn)是指企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品或服務已經(jīng)轉化為現(xiàn)金或收取現(xiàn)金的要求權，而可實現(xiàn)則定義為將已收到或持有的資產(chǎn)轉化成現(xiàn)金或收取現(xiàn)金的要求權的能力。s cash flows, and classifies these cash flows as （ 6 ）activities,（ 7 ）activities, or（ 8 ）activities. All of the cash flows then are bined to show