【正文】 the instant ★ 固定句型 It is/has been ?.since? 1. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句 now that in that 2. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 unless as long as provided that 3. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 as though although even if even though while whatever 例 1： If you read the book a second time, and you will probably have quite a different A B C understanding of the events described in it. D 例 2： Hard as he worked, but Mr. Brown couldn’t keep the shop properly. A B C D 六、平行結(jié)構(gòu) and, or, but 比較級(jí) 例 1： I enjoy eating in good restaurants and to go to the theater afterwards. A B C D 例２： It usually takes much less time to fly from one country to another than traveling by train. A B C D 例３： The rooms were then empty and most of them have been shut up. A B C D Prefer 引出的平行結(jié)構(gòu) ： Prefer something to something Prefer doing something to doing something Prefer to do something rather than do something Prefer 的特殊用法： Prefer somebody to do something : I prefer you to speak English in the class. a number of, the number of a number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，意為許多，大量的?? the number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，意為??的數(shù)目 able, capable, petent able 為常用詞，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知識(shí)與時(shí)間等，搭配是be able to do 。 Must do √ Must have done 三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣 趙文通 考試重點(diǎn)： 1. 條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 例１： I would ask Gee to lend us the money if I ______ him. A. had known B. have known C. knew D. would know 例２： If a better material ______, the strength of the part would have been increased. A. had been used B. had been using C. being used D. using 條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣需要注意以下三點(diǎn)： ? 如果條件句中有 were, had, should 時(shí)，可以把 if 省略，然后把這三個(gè)單詞提前，形成倒裝。一、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 1. 如何解答時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題 例 1： You’ve already missed too many classes this term. You ______ just last week. A. missed B. would miss C. had missed D. have missed 例 2： Anne asked Tom ______ the key. A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D. why did he left 考試重點(diǎn)： 2. 與 完成時(shí) 有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài) ★現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) (have done) since, for/ in the past few months, up to now 例 1： Collecting toy cars as a hobby bees increasingly popular during the past fifty years. A B C D 例 2： English ______ in a new way at my college in the past few years. A. has been taught B. was being taught C. has been taught D. had been taught. ★過(guò)去完成時(shí) (had done) 例 3： Anne asked Tom ______ the key. A. when he left B. where he had left C. how he left D. why did he left 例 4： The chemistry class_____ for five minutes when we hurried there. A. had been on B. had begun C. has been on D. would began ★將來(lái)完成時(shí) (will have done) by 例 5： We’ re late I expect the film_____ by the time we get to the cinema. A. had already started B. have already C. will already have started D. have already been started. ★現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) (have been doing) 例 6： It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We39。 例 3： _____ the advice of his friends, he would not have suffered such a heavy loss in his business. A. If he took B. if he should take C. Were he to take D. Had he taken ? 含蓄條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)用 三級(jí)考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的三個(gè)句型： But for/without? ， ?? ??, otherwise/or? ??, but/though?. 例４： But for your help, I _____ the work in time. A. did not finish B. could not finish A. will not finish D. would not have finished 例５： Without electricity, human life _____ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 例６： He was very busy yesterday。如： A cat is able to see in the dark. （貓?jiān)诤诎抵心芸匆姈|西。） above all； after all； at all?？晌挥诰涫住⒕渲谢蚓淠?。 at all用于否定句時(shí)，意為“絲毫；根本”，用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)意為“究竟；到底”，用于條件句時(shí)，常譯為“當(dāng)真；實(shí)在”。 I was surprised at his ing at all．他竟然來(lái)了，我很驚訝。如： I never went aboard a ship. abroad 副詞，在國(guó)外或海外。如： I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it. （昨天我收到了一個(gè)請(qǐng)柬，但并沒(méi)有接受邀請(qǐng)。 7accurate, correct, exact, precise accurate 準(zhǔn)確的，精確的。它的反義詞是 inexact。如： The police charged the driver with reckless driving. sue 常與 for 搭配。如： We require more help. （我們需要更多的幫助。如： He adopted our suggestion.（他采納了我們的建議。） profit 多指報(bào)償或報(bào)償性的收入。如 Smoking affects health. effect效果，影響（名詞）。 1 ago, before ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用，不可以單獨(dú)使用。 1 agree on； agree to； agree with agree on作“就??取得一致意見”解。 其二是 to 作為介詞，之后跟表示“計(jì)劃／條件／建議等一類的名詞或代詞”。 We agreed with what he said at the meeting． 我們同意他在會(huì)上講的話。 1 almost, nearly 一般說(shuō)來(lái)， almost 比 nearly 表示的意思更接近 “ 開始 ” 、 “ 完成 ” （目標(biāo)）等。如： Almost no one believed her. （幾乎沒(méi)人相信他。如： He alone (Only he) can remember the story. （只有他才 能記起這段經(jīng)歷。如： We played the game all together. （我們大家都一起來(lái)玩游戲吧。 although 用法較正式，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)； though 較常用； as 則主要用于倒裝句。例如： Although／ Though he believes it, yet he will not act． 他雖然相信它，但卻不肯有所行動(dòng)。例如： Young as／ though he is, he knows a lot． 他雖然年紀(jì)不大，卻懂得很多。 though可以放在句末，表示“但是”， although卻不能。 although 只用來(lái)陳述“事實(shí)”，不能表示“假設(shè)”。如： Our house is hidden among trees. between在兩者之間。如： He has replied to my letter.（他回答了我信中提的問(wèn)題。 2 approve, prove approve（ 1）贊成，同意。 prove和 approve 詞形相似， prove是 “ 證明 ” ， “ 表明是 ” 等。 Black smoke rose from the chimney. He is too weak to raise that heavy box. Accidents usually arise from carelessness . A crisis has arisen in their marrige. Matt’s behavior was arousing the interest of the neighbors. 2 as (so) far as。 There is nothing that we can’ t do so ／ as long as we keep on trying to do it． 只要我們不斷地努力去做，就沒(méi)有什么事干不成。如： He spoke as though（ as if） he had been here before．他說(shuō)話的口氣好像他以前來(lái)過(guò)這里。 though也引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“雖然”； even though 有退一步設(shè)想的意味，與though 不同。 2 assure, ensure, insure assure的意思是“