【正文】
n,the noise of vehicles has bee the main source of urban vibration noise of the engine is the biggest contributor to the vehicle carrying out actively the analysis and control work of engine has the important and practical significance for improving the fort of engine。 特別是當激振力頻率與零部件的固有頻率相一致時,會引起激烈的共振和噪聲。中 文 摘 要 I 摘 要 隨著車輛保有量的增長,車輛噪聲已成為城市噪聲的最主要來源。本文以常用的四缸發(fā)動機( BJ130 輕型載重汽車)為例,應用 軟件建立發(fā)動機曲軸連桿機構各組成零件的幾何模型 ,并裝配形成機構的三維實體模型。 As the engine works,the engine may generate the mechanical vibration and parts noise because of the shock,friction,roting unevenness,unbalanced force and other when the frequency of exciting force and the natural frequency of the parts is consistent,it can cause the fierce resonance and this paper,as the monly used four cylinder engine(BJ130 light truck)for example,establishing the geometric model of the constituent parts of the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism based on the application of UG software and assemblying into a threedimensional solid importing it into the ANSYS after converting the .stp file to simplify the model and plete modal analysis ,the vibration mode and natur al frequency of the mechanism can be the finite eleme nt model of thel crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism can be written to bee format introducing towards ANSYS WORKBENCH to translate into .cdb ,to import the model files into so as to conduct vibration and noise analysis. Key Words: the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism , modal analysis, finite element model, vibration and noise analysis目 錄 III 目錄 摘 要 .................................................................................................................. I Abstract ............................................................................................................... II 目錄 .................................................................................................................... III 第一章 引 言 ............................................................................................... 1 課題的背景和意義 ........................................................................ 1 國內外 研究現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................... 2 發(fā)動機振動噪聲的研究方法 ...................................................... 3 本課題研究內容 ............................................................................ 4 第二章 曲軸連桿機構三維 幾何模型的建立 ....................................... 6 UG 軟件簡介 .................................................................................. 6 建立曲軸連桿機構各構件 ........................................................... 6 各構件的裝配 ............................................................................... 11 本章小結 ...................................................................................... 12 第三章 有限元動力學分析理論 .......................................................... 13 有限元的理論基礎 ...................................................................... 13 模態(tài)分析的理論基礎 ................................................................. 14 模態(tài)分析的一般步驟 ................................................................. 16 諧響應理論 .................................................................................. 17 本章小結 .................................................................................... 18 第四章 曲軸連桿機構及曲軸的動力學分析 ..................................... 19 Ansys 與 WorkBench 簡介 ...................................................... 19 Ansys 軟件簡介 ................................................................. 19 目 錄 IV Ansys WorkBench 簡介 ................................................. 20 曲軸連桿機構模態(tài)分析過程 .................................................. 21 曲軸零件的模態(tài)分析 ................................................................ 25 曲軸連桿機構的諧響應分析 ................................................... 28 曲軸諧響應分析 ....................................................................... 30 本章小結 .................................................................................... 31 第五章 曲軸結構的振動噪聲分析 ........................................................ 32 聲學基礎 ...................................................................................... 32 與聲學有關的概念 ........................................................... 32 聲學邊界元理論 ............................................................... 32 Acoustics 簡介 ......................................................... 33 曲軸結構噪聲分析過程 ............................................................ 34 曲軸結構模型聲場分析的前期準備 ............................ 34 曲軸聲學分析步驟 .......................................................... 34 本章小結 ...................................................................................... 38 第六章 結論與展望 ................................................................................ 39 結論 ............................................................................................... 39 展望 ............................................................................................... 39 參考文獻 ...................................................................................................... 41 致謝 .............................................................................................................. 43 第一章 引言 1 第一章 引 言 課題的背景和意義 隨著社會經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展,人民生活水平不斷提高,在注重汽車駕駛性能的同時,乘駕舒適性問題日益為人們所關注。汽車噪聲尤其是發(fā)動機振動噪聲,作為一種環(huán)境污染源越來越受到重視,它不僅對機器 本身帶來損害,而且會通過其振動表面向外界環(huán)境輻射出強烈的噪聲,危害人類健康。 提出切實可行的方案,優(yōu)化小汽油機的結構,降低其振動,并減小其帶來的輻射噪聲,解決企業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的實際問題,具有重要的經(jīng)濟效益和社會效益。所以,對汽車噪聲貢獻量最大的發(fā)動機噪聲控制已為各大汽車公司充分重視。 (1)國外研究狀況 國外在發(fā)動機噪聲研究方面起步比較早,在六十年代初英國南安普敦大學的 在機械工程會議上發(fā)表了柴油機氣缸壓力譜形式和噪聲之間的關系的文章; 1973 年英國的南安普敦的另一位學者 發(fā)表了關